CWE-77

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')

The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.

CVE-2025-52690 (GCVE-0-2025-52690)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-16 06:34 – Updated: 2025-07-16 14:40
VLAI
Title
Command Injection Vulnerability in the OmniAccess Stellar over UDP Service
Summary
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands as root, potentially leading to the loss of confidentiality, integrity, availability, and full control of the access point.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
CSA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Alcatel-Lucent OmniAccess Stellar Products Affected: AP1100 AWOS versions 5.0.2 GA and earlier
Affected: AP1200 AWOS versions 5.0.2 GA and earlier
Affected: AP1300 AWOS versions 5.0.2 GA and earlier
Affected: AP1400 AWOS versions 5.0.2 GA and earlier
Affected: AP1500 AWOS versions 5.0.2 GA and earlier
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-07-16 06:31
Credits
Lam Jun Rong
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-52903 (GCVE-0-2025-52903)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-26 18:16 – Updated: 2026-06-09 11:48
VLAI
Title
File Browser Allows Execution of Shell Commands That Can Spawn Other Commands
Summary
File Browser provides a file managing interface within a specified directory and it can be used to upload, delete, preview, rename and edit files. In versions on the 2.x branch prior to 2.33.10, the Command Execution feature of File Browser only allows the execution of shell command which have been predefined on a user-specific allowlist. Many tools allow the execution of arbitrary different commands, rendering this limitation void. The concrete impact depends on the commands being granted to the attacker, but the large number of standard commands allowing the execution of subcommands makes it likely that every user having the `Execute commands` permissions can exploit this vulnerability. Everyone who can exploit it will have full code execution rights with the uid of the server process. Version 2.33.10 contains a check for whether a command is allowed when using shell.
Severity
8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
filebrowser filebrowser Affected: >= 2.0.0, < 2.33.10
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-52904 (GCVE-0-2025-52904)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-26 18:21 – Updated: 2026-06-09 11:04
VLAI
Title
File Browser: Command Execution not Limited to Scope
Summary
File Browser provides a file managing interface within a specified directory and it can be used to upload, delete, preview, rename and edit files. In versions of the web application on the 2.x branch, all users have a scope assigned, and they only have access to the files within that scope. The Command Execution feature of Filebrowser allows the execution of shell commands which are not restricted to the scope, potentially giving an attacker read and write access to all files managed by the server. Until this issue is fixed, the maintainers recommend to completely disable `Execute commands` for all accounts. Since the command execution is an inherently dangerous feature that is not used by all deployments, it should be possible to completely disable it in the application's configuration. This feature has been disabled by default for all installations from v2.33.8 onwards, including for existent installations. To exploit this vulnerability, the instance administrator must turn on a feature and ignore all the warnings about known vulnerabilities.
Severity
8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
filebrowser filebrowser Affected: >= 2.0.0, < 2.33.8
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-52995 (GCVE-0-2025-52995)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-30 19:57 – Updated: 2025-06-30 20:25
VLAI
Title
File Browser vulnerable to command execution allowlist bypass
Summary
File Browser provides a file managing interface within a specified directory and it can be used to upload, delete, preview, rename and edit files. Prior to version 2.33.10, the implementation of the allowlist is erroneous, allowing a user to execute more shell commands than they are authorized for. The concrete impact of this vulnerability depends on the commands configured, and the binaries installed on the server or in the container image. Due to the missing separation of scopes on the OS-level, this could give an attacker access to all files managed the application, including the File Browser database. This issue has been patched in version 2.33.10.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
filebrowser filebrowser Affected: < 2.33.10
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-5306 (GCVE-0-2025-5306)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-27 07:48 – Updated: 2025-06-27 13:37
VLAI
Title
Command Injection in Netflow path
Summary
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in the Netflow directory field may allow OS command injection. This issue affects Pandora FMS 774 through 778
Severity
7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/S:N/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Green
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Pandora FMS Pandora FMS Affected: 774 , ≤ 778 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-06-27 07:46
Credits
Martin Sutovsky, Security Researcher. Rapid 7
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-53098 (GCVE-0-2025-53098)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-27 21:43 – Updated: 2025-07-03 14:27
VLAI
Title
Roo Code Vulnerable to Potential Remote Code Execution via Model Context Protocol
Summary
Roo Code is an AI-powered autonomous coding agent. The project-specific MCP configuration for the Roo Code agent is stored in the `.roo/mcp.json` file within the VS Code workspace. Because the MCP configuration format allows for execution of arbitrary commands, prior to version 3.20.3, it would have been possible for an attacker with access to craft a prompt to ask the agent to write a malicious command to the MCP configuration file. If the user had opted-in to auto-approving file writes within the project, this would have led to arbitrary command execution. This issue is of moderate severity, since it requires the attacker to already be able to submit prompts to the agent (for instance through a prompt injection attack), for the user to have MCP enabled (on by default), and for the user to have enabled auto-approved file writes (off by default). Version 3.20.3 fixes the issue by adding an additional layer of opt-in configuration for auto-approving writing to Roo's configuration files, including all files within the `.roo/` folder.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RooCodeInc Roo-Code Affected: < 3.20.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-53104 (GCVE-0-2025-53104)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-01 18:17 – Updated: 2025-07-01 19:18
VLAI
Title
gluestack-ui Command Injection Vulnerability via discussion-to-slack GitHub Action Workflow
Summary
gluestack-ui is a library of copy-pasteable components & patterns crafted with Tailwind CSS (NativeWind). Prior to commit e6b4271, a command injection vulnerability was discovered in the discussion-to-slack.yml GitHub Actions workflow. Untrusted discussion fields (title, body, etc.) were directly interpolated into shell commands in a run: block. An attacker could craft a malicious GitHub Discussion title or body (e.g., $(curl ...)) to execute arbitrary shell commands on the Actions runner. This issue has been fixed in commit e6b4271 where the discussion-to-slack.yml workflow was removed. Users should remove the discussion-to-slack.yml workflow if using a fork or derivative of this repository.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
gluestack gluestack-ui Affected: < e6b4271
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-53107 (GCVE-0-2025-53107)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-01 17:55 – Updated: 2025-07-01 18:48
VLAI
Title
@cyanheads/git-mcp-server vulnerable to command injection in several tools
Summary
@cyanheads/git-mcp-server is an MCP server designed to interact with Git repositories. Prior to version 2.1.5, there is a command injection vulnerability caused by the unsanitized use of input parameters within a call to child_process.exec, enabling an attacker to inject arbitrary system commands. Successful exploitation can lead to remote code execution under the server process's privileges. The server constructs and executes shell commands using unvalidated user input directly within command-line strings. This introduces the possibility of shell metacharacter injection (|, >, &&, etc.). An MCP Client can be instructed to execute additional actions for example via indirect prompt injection when asked to read git logs. This issue has been patched in version 2.1.5.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
cyanheads git-mcp-server Affected: < 2.1.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-53355 (GCVE-0-2025-53355)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-08 19:49 – Updated: 2025-07-09 13:31
VLAI
Title
mcp-server-kubernetes vulnerable to command injection in several tools
Summary
MCP Server Kubernetes is an MCP Server that can connect to a Kubernetes cluster and manage it. A command injection vulnerability exists in the mcp-server-kubernetes MCP Server. The vulnerability is caused by the unsanitized use of input parameters within a call to child_process.execSync, enabling an attacker to inject arbitrary system commands. Successful exploitation can lead to remote code execution under the server process's privileges. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.5.0.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-53372 (GCVE-0-2025-53372)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-08 14:54 – Updated: 2025-07-08 15:08
VLAI
Title
node-code-sandbox-mcp has a Sandbox Escape via Command Injection
Summary
node-code-sandbox-mcp is a Node.js–based Model Context Protocol server that spins up disposable Docker containers to execute arbitrary JavaScript. Prior to 1.3.0, a command injection vulnerability exists in the node-code-sandbox-mcp MCP Server. The vulnerability is caused by the unsanitized use of input parameters within a call to child_process.execSync, enabling an attacker to inject arbitrary system commands. Successful exploitation can lead to remote code execution under the server process's privileges on the host machine, bypassing the sandbox protection of running code inside docker. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.3.0.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation

Phase: Operation

Description:

  • Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation

Phase: System Configuration

Description:

  • Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection

An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.

CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters

An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.

CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection

An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.

CAPEC-248: Command Injection

An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.

CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices

This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.

CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers

An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.

CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files

Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

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