CWE-77
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
CVE-2025-54782 (GCVE-0-2025-54782)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-01 23:36 – Updated: 2025-08-04 15:23
VLAI
Title
@nestjs/devtools-integration's CSRF to Sandbox Escape Allows for RCE against JS Developers
Summary
Nest is a framework for building scalable Node.js server-side applications. In versions 0.2.0 and below, a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was discovered in the @nestjs/devtools-integration package. When enabled, the package exposes a local development HTTP server with an API endpoint that uses an unsafe JavaScript sandbox (safe-eval-like implementation). Due to improper sandboxing and missing cross-origin protections, any malicious website visited by a developer can execute arbitrary code on their local machine. The package adds HTTP endpoints to a locally running NestJS development server. One of these endpoints, /inspector/graph/interact, accepts JSON input containing a code field and executes the provided code in a Node.js vm.runInNewContext sandbox. This is fixed in version 0.2.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nestjs/nest/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-devtools-in… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-typescript-… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://nodejs.org/api/vm.html | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://socket.dev/blog/nestjs-rce-vuln | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-5492 (GCVE-0-2025-5492)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-03 10:31 – Updated: 2025-06-03 13:15
VLAI
Title
D-Link DI-500WF-WT /usr/sbin/jhttpd msp_info.htm sub_456DE8 command injection
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DI-500WF-WT up to 20250511 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function sub_456DE8 of the file /msp_info.htm?flag=cmd of the component /usr/sbin/jhttpd. The manipulation of the argument cmd leads to command injection. The attack can be launched remotely.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.310909 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310909 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.575244 | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.dlink.com/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| D-Link | DI-500WF-WT |
Affected:
20250511
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-5502 (GCVE-0-2025-5502)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-03 14:00 – Updated: 2025-06-03 14:15
VLAI
Title
TOTOLINK X15 formMapReboot command injection
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. Affected by this issue is the function formMapReboot of the file /boafrm/formMapReboot. The manipulation of the argument deviceMacAddr leads to command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.310916 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310916 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.583562 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/Yhuanhuan01/TOTOlink/blob/main… | exploit |
| https://www.totolink.net/ | product |
Credits
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CVE-2025-5504 (GCVE-0-2025-5504)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-03 14:31 – Updated: 2025-06-03 14:48
VLAI
Title
TOTOLINK X2000R formWsc command injection
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK X2000R 1.0.0-B20230726.1108 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formWsc. The manipulation of the argument peerRptPin leads to command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.310918 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310918 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.584660 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/fizz-is-on-the-way/Iot_vuls/bl… | exploit |
| https://www.totolink.net/ | product |
Credits
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CVE-2025-5515 (GCVE-0-2025-5515)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-03 17:31 – Updated: 2025-06-03 17:52
VLAI
Title
TOTOLINK X2000R formMapDel command injection
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in TOTOLINK X2000R 1.0.0-B20230726.1108. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formMapDel. The manipulation of the argument devicemac1 leads to command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.310952 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310952 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.584653 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/fizz-is-on-the-way/Iot_vuls/bl… | exploit |
| https://www.totolink.net/ | product |
Credits
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CVE-2025-55227 (GCVE-0-2025-55227)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-09 17:01 – Updated: 2026-02-20 16:01
VLAI
Title
Microsoft SQL Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
8 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2016 Service Pack 3 (GDR) |
Affected:
13.0.0 , < 13.0.6470.1
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2016 Service Pack 3 Azure Connect Feature Pack |
Affected:
13.0.0 , < 13.0.7065.1
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2017 (CU 31) |
Affected:
14.0.0 , < 14.0.3505.1
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2017 (GDR) |
Affected:
14.0.0 , < 14.0.2085.1
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2019 (CU 32) |
Affected:
15.0.0.0 , < 15.0.4445.1
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2019 (GDR) |
Affected:
15.0.0 , < 15.0.2145.1
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2022 (CU 20) |
Affected:
16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.4212.1
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2022 (GDR) |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.0.1150.1
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-09 07:00
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CVE-2025-5525 (GCVE-0-2025-5525)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-03 20:00 – Updated: 2025-06-03 20:14
VLAI
Title
Jrohy trojan linux.go LogChan os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Jrohy trojan up to 2.15.3. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function LogChan of the file trojan/util/linux.go. The manipulation of the argument c leads to os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
5.6 (Medium)
5.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.310966 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310966 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.586673 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/ainrm/Jrohy-trojan-unauth-poc/… | exploit |
| https://github.com/Tritium0041/Jrohy-trojan-RCE-P… | exploit |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2025-55283 (GCVE-0-2025-55283)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-18 16:46 – Updated: 2025-08-18 19:50
VLAI
Title
aiven-db-migrate allows Privilege Escalation through use of psql during migration
Summary
aiven-db-migrate is an Aiven database migration tool. Prior to 1.0.7, there is a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows elevation to superuser inside PostgreSQL databases during a migration from an untrusted source server. The vulnerability stems from psql executing commands embedded in a dump from the source server. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.0.7.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/aiven/aiven-db-migrate/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/aiven/aiven-db-migrate/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| aiven | aiven-db-migrate |
Affected:
< 1.0.7
|
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CVE-2025-55294 (GCVE-0-2025-55294)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-19 17:34 – Updated: 2025-08-19 20:03
VLAI
Title
Command Injection via `format` option in screenshot-desktop
Summary
screenshot-desktop allows capturing a screenshot of your local machine. This vulnerability is a command injection issue. When user-controlled input is passed into the format option of the screenshot function, it is interpolated into a shell command without sanitization. This results in arbitrary command execution with the privileges of the calling process. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.15.2.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/bencevans/screenshot-desktop/s… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/bencevans/screenshot-desktop/c… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| bencevans | screenshot-desktop |
Affected:
< 1.15.2
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CVE-2025-55319 (GCVE-0-2025-55319)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-12 00:49 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:48
VLAI
Title
Agentic AI and Visual Studio Code Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Ai command injection in Agentic AI and Visual Studio Code allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Visual Studio Code |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 1.104.0
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-11 14:00
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Phase: Operation
Description:
- Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Phase: System Configuration
Description:
- Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.