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  <updated>2026-10-03T02:46:19.168654+00:00</updated>
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  <entry>
    <id>https://vulnerability.circl.lu/vuln/cve-2025-38594</id>
    <title>CVE-2025-38594 — iommu/vt-d: Fix UAF on sva unbind with pending IOPFs</title>
    <updated>2026-10-03T02:46:19.172165+00:00</updated>
    <content type="xhtml">
      <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p><strong>Affected:</strong> Linux</p>
<p>In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:</p>
<p>iommu/vt-d: Fix UAF on sva unbind with pending IOPFs</p>
<p>Commit 17fce9d2336d ("iommu/vt-d: Put iopf enablement in domain attach
path") disables IOPF on device by removing the device from its IOMMU's
IOPF queue when the last IOPF-capable domain is detached from the device.
Unfortunately, it did this in a wrong place where there are still pending
IOPFs. As a result, a use-after-free error is potentially triggered and
eventually a kernel panic with a kernel trace similar to the following:</p>
<p>refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.
 WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 313 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xd8/0xe0
 Workqueue: iopf_queue/dmar0-iopfq iommu_sva_handle_iopf
 Call Trace:
   &lt;TASK&gt;
   iopf_free_group+0xe/0x20
   process_one_work+0x197/0x3d0
   worker_thread+0x23a/0x350
   ? rescuer_thread+0x4a0/0x4a0
   kthread+0xf8/0x230
   ? finish_task_switch.isra.0+0x81/0x260
   ? kthreads_online_cpu+0x110/0x110
   ? kthreads_online_cpu+0x110/0x110
   ret_from_fork+0x13b/0x170
   ? kthreads_online_cpu+0x110/0x110
   ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20
   &lt;/TASK&gt;
  ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---</p>
<p>The intel_pasid_tear_down_entry() function is responsible for blocking
hardware from generating new page faults and flushing all in-flight
ones. Therefore, moving iopf_for_domain_remove() after this function
should resolve this.</p></div>
    </content>
    <link href="https://vulnerability.circl.lu/vuln/cve-2025-38594"/>
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