CVE-2025-25291 — ruby-saml vulnerable to SAML authentication bypass due to DOCTYPE handling (parser differential)

Affected: SAML-Toolkits ruby-saml

ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.

USN-7409-1 — ruby-saml vulnerabilities

Affected: Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS: ruby-saml, Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS: ruby-saml, Ubuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS: ruby-saml, Ubuntu:Pro:22.04:LTS: ruby-saml, Ubuntu:Pro:24.04:LTS: ruby-saml

It was discovered that ruby-saml did not correctly handle XML parsing. An attacker could possibly use this issue to perform a signature wrapping attack and bypass authentication. (CVE-2025-25291 and CVE-2025-25292)

It was discovered that ruby-saml did not correctly handle decompressing SAML responses. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause a denial of service. (CVE-2025-25293)

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CVE-2025-25291 — ruby-saml vulnerable to SAML authentication bypass due to DOCTYPE handling (parser differential)

USN-7409-1 — ruby-saml vulnerabilities