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    <link>https://vulnerability.circl.lu</link>
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    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 28 Sep 2026 21:22:16 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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      <title>CVE-2025-23135 — RISC-V: KVM: Teardown riscv specific bits after kvm_exit</title>
      <link>https://vulnerability.circl.lu/vuln/cve-2025-23135</link>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Affected:&lt;/strong&gt; Linux&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;RISC-V: KVM: Teardown riscv specific bits after kvm_exit&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;During a module removal, kvm_exit invokes arch specific disable
call which disables AIA. However, we invoke aia_exit before kvm_exit
resulting in the following warning. KVM kernel module can&amp;#39;t be inserted
afterwards due to inconsistent state of IRQ.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;[25469.031389] percpu IRQ 31 still enabled on CPU0!
[25469.031732] WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 943 at kernel/irq/manage.c:2476 __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150
[25469.031804] Modules linked in: kvm(-)
[25469.031848] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 943 Comm: rmmod Not tainted 6.14.0-rc5-06947-g91c763118f47-dirty #2
[25469.031905] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)
[25469.031928] epc : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150
[25469.031976]  ra : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150
[25469.032197] epc : ffffffff8007db1e ra : ffffffff8007db1e sp : ff2000000088bd50
[25469.032241]  gp : ffffffff8131cef8 tp : ff60000080b96400 t0 : ff2000000088baf8
[25469.032285]  t1 : fffffffffffffffc t2 : 5249207570637265 s0 : ff2000000088bd90
[25469.032329]  s1 : ff60000098b21080 a0 : 037d527a15eb4f00 a1 : 037d527a15eb4f00
[25469.032372]  a2 : 0000000000000023 a3 : 0000000000000001 a4 : ffffffff8122dbf8
[25469.032410]  a5 : 0000000000000fff a6 : 0000000000000000 a7 : ffffffff8122dc10
[25469.032448]  s2 : ff60000080c22eb0 s3 : 0000000200000022 s4 : 000000000000001f
[25469.032488]  s5 : ff60000080c22e00 s6 : ffffffff80c351c0 s7 : 0000000000000000
[25469.032582]  s8 :…&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <content:encoded>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Affected:&lt;/strong&gt; Linux&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;RISC-V: KVM: Teardown riscv specific bits after kvm_exit&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;During a module removal, kvm_exit invokes arch specific disable
call which disables AIA. However, we invoke aia_exit before kvm_exit
resulting in the following warning. KVM kernel module can&amp;#39;t be inserted
afterwards due to inconsistent state of IRQ.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;[25469.031389] percpu IRQ 31 still enabled on CPU0!
[25469.031732] WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 943 at kernel/irq/manage.c:2476 __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150
[25469.031804] Modules linked in: kvm(-)
[25469.031848] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 943 Comm: rmmod Not tainted 6.14.0-rc5-06947-g91c763118f47-dirty #2
[25469.031905] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)
[25469.031928] epc : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150
[25469.031976]  ra : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150
[25469.032197] epc : ffffffff8007db1e ra : ffffffff8007db1e sp : ff2000000088bd50
[25469.032241]  gp : ffffffff8131cef8 tp : ff60000080b96400 t0 : ff2000000088baf8
[25469.032285]  t1 : fffffffffffffffc t2 : 5249207570637265 s0 : ff2000000088bd90
[25469.032329]  s1 : ff60000098b21080 a0 : 037d527a15eb4f00 a1 : 037d527a15eb4f00
[25469.032372]  a2 : 0000000000000023 a3 : 0000000000000001 a4 : ffffffff8122dbf8
[25469.032410]  a5 : 0000000000000fff a6 : 0000000000000000 a7 : ffffffff8122dc10
[25469.032448]  s2 : ff60000080c22eb0 s3 : 0000000200000022 s4 : 000000000000001f
[25469.032488]  s5 : ff60000080c22e00 s6 : ffffffff80c351c0 s7 : 0000000000000000
[25469.032582]  s8 :…&lt;/p&gt;</content:encoded>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">https://vulnerability.circl.lu/vuln/cve-2025-23135</guid>
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