Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-121

Allowed

Stack-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

5731 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2008-20001 (GCVE-0-2008-20001)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-30 13:42 – Updated: 2026-05-15 11:13
VLAI
Title
activePDF WebGrabber ActiveX Control Buffer Overflow
Summary
activePDF WebGrabber version 3.8.2.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the GetStatus() method of the APWebGrb.ocx ActiveX control. By passing an overly long string to this method, a remote attacker can execute arbitrary code in the context of the vulnerable process. Although the control is not marked safe for scripting, exploitation is possible via crafted HTML content in Internet Explorer under permissive security settings.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-02 20:47 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
activePDF WebGrabber Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.8.2.0 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:activepdf:webgrabber:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2010-11-11 00:00
Credits
MC
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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GHSA-2227-JCPX-8W3R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-16 15:32 – Updated: 2025-09-16 15:32
VLAI
Details

A stack-based buffer overflow can be remotely triggered when formatting an error message in the Control-M/Agent when SSL/TLS communication is configured.

The issue occurs in the following cases:

  • Control-M/Agent 9.0.20: SSL/TLS configuration is set to the non-default setting "use_openssl=n";
  • Control-M/Agent 9.0.21 and 9.0.22: Agent router configuration uses the non-default settings "JAVA_AR=N" and "use_openssl=n".
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-55117"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-16T13:16:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A stack-based buffer overflow can be remotely triggered when formatting an error message in the Control-M/Agent when SSL/TLS communication is configured.\n\n\nThe issue occurs in the following cases:\n\n  *  Control-M/Agent 9.0.20: SSL/TLS configuration is set to the non-default setting \"use_openssl=n\";\n  *  Control-M/Agent 9.0.21 and 9.0.22: Agent router configuration uses the non-default settings \"JAVA_AR=N\" and \"use_openssl=n\".",
  "id": "GHSA-2227-jcpx-8w3r",
  "modified": "2025-09-16T15:32:36Z",
  "published": "2025-09-16T15:32:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55117"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bmcapps.my.site.com/casemgmt/sc_KnowledgeArticle?sfdcid=000441972"
    },
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      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bmcapps.my.site.com/casemgmt/sc_KnowledgeArticle?sfdcid=000442099"
    }
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  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2254-5PM3-PMW5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-19 18:30
VLAI
Details

Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_net, at 0x9d0181ec, the value for the gate key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x290.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.

Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-16280"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_net, at 0x9d0181ec, the value for the `gate` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x290`.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
  "id": "GHSA-2254-5pm3-pmw5",
  "modified": "2023-01-19T18:30:27Z",
  "published": "2023-01-12T00:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16280"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
    }
  ],
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      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2254-Q93H-67CP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 21:32 – Updated: 2026-06-10 21:31
VLAI
Details

Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd Tenda O3 Wireless Router v1.0.0.5(4180) was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the domain parameter of the fromNetToolGet function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted HTTP request.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-36783"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T19:17:44Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd Tenda O3 Wireless Router v1.0.0.5(4180) was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the domain parameter of the fromNetToolGet function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted HTTP request.",
  "id": "GHSA-2254-q93h-67cp",
  "modified": "2026-06-10T21:31:30Z",
  "published": "2026-06-09T21:32:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-36783"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xhh0124/SemVulLLM/tree/main/O3/fromNetToolGet"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-22M2-MV56-5HWQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-18 09:30 – Updated: 2026-03-18 09:30
VLAI
Details

A stack-based buffer overflow in the CLI's TFTP file‑transfer command handling allows a low-privileged attacker with Telnet/SSH access to trigger memory corruption by supplying unexpected or oversized filename input. Exploitation results in the corruption of the internal buffer, causing the CLI and web dashboard to become unavailable and leading to a denial of service.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-22320"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-18T08:16:29Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A stack-based buffer overflow in the CLI\u0027s TFTP file\u2011transfer command handling allows a low-privileged attacker with Telnet/SSH access to trigger memory corruption by supplying unexpected or oversized filename input. Exploitation results in the corruption of the internal buffer, causing the CLI and web dashboard to become unavailable and leading to a denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-22m2-mv56-5hwq",
  "modified": "2026-03-18T09:30:28Z",
  "published": "2026-03-18T09:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-22320"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://certvde.com/de/advisories/VDE-2025-104"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-22V9-MCHF-H83W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-09 18:31
VLAI
Details

InDesign Desktop versions 21.3, 20.5.3 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-34702"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T18:16:42Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "InDesign Desktop versions 21.3, 20.5.3 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-22v9-mchf-h83w",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T18:31:03Z",
  "published": "2026-06-09T18:31:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34702"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/indesign/apsb26-58.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-22XF-VH82-92XW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-21 00:00
VLAI
Details

By overlong input values an attacker may force overwrite of the internal program stack in SAP Web Dispatcher - versions 7.53, 7.77, 7.81, 7.85, 7.86, or Internet Communication Manager - versions KRNL64NUC 7.22, 7.22EXT, 7.49, KRNL64UC 7.22, 7.22EXT, 7.49, 7.53, KERNEL 7.22, 7.49, 7.53, 7.77, 7.81, 7.85, 7.86, which makes these programs unavailable, leading to denial of service.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-28772"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-04-12T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "By overlong input values an attacker may force overwrite of the internal program stack in SAP Web Dispatcher - versions 7.53, 7.77, 7.81, 7.85, 7.86, or Internet Communication Manager - versions KRNL64NUC 7.22, 7.22EXT, 7.49, KRNL64UC 7.22, 7.22EXT, 7.49, 7.53, KERNEL 7.22, 7.49, 7.53, 7.77, 7.81, 7.85, 7.86, which makes these programs unavailable, leading to denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-22xf-vh82-92xw",
  "modified": "2022-04-21T00:00:51Z",
  "published": "2022-04-13T00:00:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28772"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/3111311"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.sap.com/documents/2022/02/fa865ea4-167e-0010-bca6-c68f7e60039b.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2348-P6M3-VQC4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-29 03:30 – Updated: 2024-01-29 03:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in Tenda W6 1.0.0.9(4122). It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function formwrlSSIDset of the file /goform/wifiSSIDset of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument index leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-252260. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-0995"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-29T02:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda W6 1.0.0.9(4122). It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function formwrlSSIDset of the file /goform/wifiSSIDset of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument index leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-252260. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-2348-p6m3-vqc4",
  "modified": "2024-01-29T03:30:18Z",
  "published": "2024-01-29T03:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0995"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jylsec.notion.site/Tenda-w6-has-stack-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-formwrlSSIDset-e283b41905934e97b4c65632a0018eba?pvs=4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.252260"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.252260"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-23F6-J7X4-JRJH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-25 00:33 – Updated: 2025-02-05 15:32
VLAI
Details

In SunGrow WiNet-SV200.001.00.P027 and earlier versions, when copying the timestamp read from an MQTT message, the underlying code does not check the bounds of the buffer that is used to store the message. This may lead to a stack-based buffer overflow.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-50694"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-24T23:15:09Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "In SunGrow WiNet-SV200.001.00.P027 and earlier versions, when copying the timestamp read from an MQTT message, the underlying code does not check the bounds of the buffer that is used to store the message. This may lead to a stack-based buffer overflow.",
  "id": "GHSA-23f6-j7x4-jrjh",
  "modified": "2025-02-05T15:32:21Z",
  "published": "2025-01-25T00:33:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-50694"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://en.sungrowpower.com/security-notice-detail-2/5961"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-23FF-VXPG-784H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-21 21:32 – Updated: 2025-08-21 21:32
VLAI
Details

Xftp FTP Client version up to and including 3.0 (build 0238) contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability triggered by a maliciously crafted PWD response from an FTP server. When the client connects to a server and receives an overly long directory string in response to the PWD command, the client fails to properly validate the length of the input before copying it into a fixed-size buffer. This results in memory corruption and allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on the client system.

Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2010-20122"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-21T21:15:34Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Xftp FTP Client version up to and including 3.0 (build 0238) contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability triggered by a maliciously crafted PWD response from an FTP server. When the client connects to a server and receives an overly long directory string in response to the PWD command, the client fails to properly validate the length of the input before copying it into a fixed-size buffer. This results in memory corruption and allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on the client system.",
  "id": "GHSA-23ff-vxpg-784h",
  "modified": "2025-08-21T21:32:08Z",
  "published": "2025-08-21T21:32:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-20122"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/windows/ftp/xftp_client_pwd.rb"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20090312072219/http://www.netsarang.com/download/down_xft3.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/12332"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/16739"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/xftp-ftp-client-pwd-response-buffer-overflow"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.

Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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