CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5245 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CH64-4X3C-W3JQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-27 21:32 – Updated: 2026-07-23 15:30A flaw was found in GNU Coreutils. The sort utility's begfield() function is vulnerable to a heap buffer under-read. The program may access memory outside the allocated buffer if a user runs a crafted command using the traditional key format. A malicious input could lead to a crash or leak sensitive data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-5278"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-27T21:15:23Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in GNU Coreutils. The sort utility\u0027s begfield() function is vulnerable to a heap buffer under-read. The program may access memory outside the allocated buffer if a user runs a crafted command using the traditional key format. A malicious input could lead to a crash or leak sensitive data.",
"id": "GHSA-ch64-4x3c-w3jq",
"modified": "2026-07-23T15:30:29Z",
"published": "2025-05-27T21:32:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5278"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:28911"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33124"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33313"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33612"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34102"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:39981"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:44481"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-5278"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2368764"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cgit.git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/coreutils.git/commit/?id=8c9602e3a145e9596dc1a63c6ed67865814b6633"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cgit.git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/coreutils.git/tree/NEWS?id=8c9602e3a145e9596dc1a63c6ed67865814b6633#n14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://debbugs.gnu.org/cgi/bugreport.cgi?bug=78507"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-5278"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/05/27/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/05/29/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/05/29/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CH64-W8W8-W7MW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_gre function with the local_virtual_ip and the local_virtual_mask variables.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25106"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-06T15:15:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_gre function with the local_virtual_ip and the local_virtual_mask variables.",
"id": "GHSA-ch64-w8w8-w7mw",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:35Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25106"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CHGG-FHRR-FJMM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-03 18:30 – Updated: 2024-08-03 18:30** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** A vulnerability was found in Vivotek SD9364 VVTK-0103f. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function read of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument Content-Length leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-273526 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer. NOTE: Vendor was contacted early and confirmed that the affected release tree is end-of-life.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7441"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-03T18:15:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** A vulnerability was found in Vivotek SD9364 VVTK-0103f. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function read of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument Content-Length leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-273526 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer. NOTE: Vendor was contacted early and confirmed that the affected release tree is end-of-life.",
"id": "GHSA-chgg-fhrr-fjmm",
"modified": "2024-08-03T18:30:34Z",
"published": "2024-08-03T18:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7441"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.273526"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.273526"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.383842"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://yjz233.notion.site/vivotek-SD9364-has-stack-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-httpd-c9dabd0511d04093865d1d75110429d1?pvs=4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CHJP-Q8W3-CJ2W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-26 18:32 – Updated: 2024-03-26 18:32A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC7 15.03.06.44. It has been classified as critical. This affects the function formSetQosBand of the file /goform/SetNetControlList. The manipulation of the argument list leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-257937 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2894"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-26T17:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC7 15.03.06.44. It has been classified as critical. This affects the function formSetQosBand of the file /goform/SetNetControlList. The manipulation of the argument list leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-257937 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-chjp-q8w3-cj2w",
"modified": "2024-03-26T18:32:06Z",
"published": "2024-03-26T18:32:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2894"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC7/v1/formSetQosBand.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.257937"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.257937"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.300357"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CHMG-CFV8-GF5J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-15 18:31 – Updated: 2025-07-15 21:31In Netgear XR300 V1.0.3.38_10.3.30, a stack-based buffer overflow exists in the HTTPD service through the usb_device.cgi endpoint. The vulnerability occurs when processing POST requests containing the read_access parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-52082"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-15T16:15:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Netgear XR300 V1.0.3.38_10.3.30, a stack-based buffer overflow exists in the HTTPD service through the usb_device.cgi endpoint. The vulnerability occurs when processing POST requests containing the read_access parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-chmg-cfv8-gf5j",
"modified": "2025-07-15T21:31:38Z",
"published": "2025-07-15T18:31:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52082"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lafdrew/IOT/blob/main/Netgear%20XR300/read_access%20of%20usb_device.cgi/buffer%20overflow%20in%20read_access%20of%20usb_device.cgi.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CHR8-P255-82Q5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the handle_interface_acl function with the interface and out_acl variables.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25092"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-06T15:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the handle_interface_acl function with the interface and out_acl variables.",
"id": "GHSA-chr8-p255-82q5",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:34Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25092"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CHVQ-5Q36-924F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-28 12:30 – Updated: 2026-01-28 12:30Johnson Controls iSTAR Configuration Utility (ICU) has Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability. This issue affects iSTAR Configuration Utility (ICU) version 6.9.7 and prior. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could result in failure within the operating system of the machine hosting the ICU tool.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-26386"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-28T12:15:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Johnson Controls iSTAR Configuration Utility (ICU) has\u00a0Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability. This issue affects iSTAR Configuration Utility (ICU) version 6.9.7 and prior. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could result in failure within the operating system of the machine hosting the ICU tool.",
"id": "GHSA-chvq-5q36-924f",
"modified": "2026-01-28T12:30:28Z",
"published": "2026-01-28T12:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-26386"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-022-04"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.johnsoncontrols.com/trust-center/cybersecurity/security-advisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJCF-64R3-CWF2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-22 15:31 – Updated: 2025-10-23 15:30D-Link DIR-823G A1 v1.0.2B05 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow in the FillMacCloneMac parameter in the /EXCU_SHELL endpoint. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted input.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-60331"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-22T15:16:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-823G A1 v1.0.2B05 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow in the FillMacCloneMac parameter in the /EXCU_SHELL endpoint. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted input.",
"id": "GHSA-cjcf-64r3-cwf2",
"modified": "2025-10-23T15:30:33Z",
"published": "2025-10-22T15:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60331"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/z472421519/BinaryAudit/blob/main/PoC/BOF/DIR823G/FillMacCloneMac/FillMacCloneMac.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com/en/security-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJM2-2VC3-JG77
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-19 00:30Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd e_u, at 0x9d017364, the value for the grp key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x1b4.This buffer is 8 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16274"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd e_u, at 0x9d017364, the value for the `grp` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x1b4`.This buffer is 8 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-cjm2-2vc3-jg77",
"modified": "2023-01-19T00:30:29Z",
"published": "2023-01-12T00:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16274"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CM45-36H6-6P23
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-02 18:31 – Updated: 2025-10-02 21:31Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the wanMTU parameter in the fromAdvSetMacMtuWan function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-60663"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-02T17:16:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the wanMTU parameter in the fromAdvSetMacMtuWan function.",
"id": "GHSA-cm45-36h6-6p23",
"modified": "2025-10-02T21:31:18Z",
"published": "2025-10-02T18:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60663"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1co536tsEdPANFHsvhBvay0_FOMCA4R6r/view?usp=sharing"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.