CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5833 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-H7XJ-6MW4-67WX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-21 00:30 – Updated: 2023-04-21 00:30This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Sonos One Speaker 70.3-35220. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the MPEG-TS parser. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-19773.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-27355"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-20T22:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Sonos One Speaker 70.3-35220. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the MPEG-TS parser. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-19773.",
"id": "GHSA-h7xj-6mw4-67wx",
"modified": "2023-04-21T00:30:22Z",
"published": "2023-04-21T00:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27355"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-449"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H837-8QHQ-4JPQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_ike_profile function with the username and the password variables.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25104"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-06T15:15:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_ike_profile function with the username and the password variables.",
"id": "GHSA-h837-8qhq-4jpq",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:35Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25104"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H87W-QR7H-RC63
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-02 15:31 – Updated: 2025-10-02 18:30TP-Link AX1800 WiFi 6 Router (Archer AX21) devices allow unauthenticated attackers (on the LAN) to execute arbitrary code as root via the db_dir field to minidlnad. The attacker obtains the ability to modify files.db, and that can be used to reach a stack-based buffer overflow in minidlna-1.1.2/upnpsoap.c. Exploitation requires that a USB flash drive is connected to the router (customers often do this to make a \192.168.0.1 share available on their local network).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-28760"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-02T14:15:41Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TP-Link AX1800 WiFi 6 Router (Archer AX21) devices allow unauthenticated attackers (on the LAN) to execute arbitrary code as root via the db_dir field to minidlnad. The attacker obtains the ability to modify files.db, and that can be used to reach a stack-based buffer overflow in minidlna-1.1.2/upnpsoap.c. Exploitation requires that a USB flash drive is connected to the router (customers often do this to make a \\\\192.168.0.1 share available on their local network).",
"id": "GHSA-h87w-qr7h-rc63",
"modified": "2025-10-02T18:30:59Z",
"published": "2025-10-02T15:31:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28760"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/stevenseeley/0822b66e375cd44ecaee3f047962db62"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tecsecurity.io/blog/tp-link_ax1800"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H89X-GM7W-H5W6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-25 15:32 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:34A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 8850 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 13:
else if (tag==13) {
if (len>8) fprintf(stderr,"Warning MFER tag13 incorrect length %i>8\n",len);
curPos += ifread(&buf,1,len,hdr);
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54488"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-25T14:15:35Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 8850 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 13:\n\n else if (tag==13) {\n if (len\u003e8) fprintf(stderr,\"Warning MFER tag13 incorrect length %i\u003e8\\n\",len);\n curPos += ifread(\u0026buf,1,len,hdr);",
"id": "GHSA-h89x-gm7w-h5w6",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:34:23Z",
"published": "2025-08-25T15:32:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54488"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2234"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2234"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H8MV-Q3C4-8HW2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-20 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-24 00:00Jsonxx or Json++ is a JSON parser, writer and reader written in C++. In affected versions of jsonxx json parsing may lead to stack exhaustion in an address sanitized (ASAN) build. This issue may lead to Denial of Service if the program using the jsonxx library crashes. This issue exists on the current commit of the jsonxx project and the project itself has been archived. Updates are not expected. Users are advised to find a replacement.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-23460"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-674"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-19T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Jsonxx or Json++ is a JSON parser, writer and reader written in C++. In affected versions of jsonxx json parsing may lead to stack exhaustion in an address sanitized (ASAN) build. This issue may lead to Denial of Service if the program using the jsonxx library crashes. This issue exists on the current commit of the jsonxx project and the project itself has been archived. Updates are not expected. Users are advised to find a replacement.",
"id": "GHSA-h8mv-q3c4-8hw2",
"modified": "2022-08-24T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-08-20T00:00:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23460"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2022-049_Jsonxx"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H8X4-734C-9753
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-22 18:33 – Updated: 2026-09-22 18:33A stack-based buffer overflow in the dynamic loader (ld.so) of the GNU C Library (glibc) versions 2.14 through 2.44 allows a local attacker to crash or corrupt the memory of setuid/setgid (AT_SECURE) programs.
When such a program's DT_RPATH or DT_RUNPATH begins with $ORIGIN and is followed by NUL or '/' the loader both reads past the end of the path buffer and writes past the end of a stack-allocated internal buffer. The corrupted loader stack can lead to a loader crash (denial of service) and limited disclosure of process memory.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-95818"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-22T17:17:32Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow in the dynamic loader (ld.so) of the GNU C Library (glibc) versions 2.14 through 2.44 allows a local attacker to crash or corrupt the memory of setuid/setgid (AT_SECURE) programs.\n\nWhen such a program\u0027s DT_RPATH or DT_RUNPATH begins with $ORIGIN and is followed by NUL or \u0027/\u0027 the loader both reads past the end of the path buffer and writes past the end of a stack-allocated internal buffer. The corrupted loader stack can lead to a loader crash (denial of service) and limited disclosure of process memory.",
"id": "GHSA-h8x4-734c-9753",
"modified": "2026-09-22T18:33:31Z",
"published": "2026-09-22T18:33:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-95818"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=34360"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceware.org/git/?p=glibc.git;a=blob_plain;f=advisories/GLIBC-SA-2026-0023"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H95Q-Q7MJ-92QM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-12 15:30 – Updated: 2024-08-12 15:30Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities affecting Vonets
industrial wifi bridge relays and wifi bridge repeaters, software versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior, enable an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-39791"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-12T13:38:24Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities affecting Vonets\n\n\n\n \n\n industrial wifi bridge relays and wifi bridge repeaters, software versions \n3.3.23.6.9 and prior, enable an unauthenticated remote attacker to \nexecute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-h95q-q7mj-92qm",
"modified": "2024-08-12T15:30:49Z",
"published": "2024-08-12T15:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39791"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-214-08"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-H96X-JJWQ-MX4J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-05 18:30 – Updated: 2026-02-05 18:30Free Desktop Clock 3.0 contains a stack overflow vulnerability in the Time Zones display name input that allows attackers to overwrite Structured Exception Handler (SEH) registers. Attackers can exploit the vulnerability by crafting a malicious Unicode input that triggers an access violation and potentially execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-37126"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-05T17:16:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Free Desktop Clock 3.0 contains a stack overflow vulnerability in the Time Zones display name input that allows attackers to overwrite Structured Exception Handler (SEH) registers. Attackers can exploit the vulnerability by crafting a malicious Unicode input that triggers an access violation and potentially execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-h96x-jjwq-mx4j",
"modified": "2026-02-05T18:30:31Z",
"published": "2026-02-05T18:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-37126"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48314"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/free-desktop-clock-x-venetian-blinds-zipper-unicode-stack-overflow-seh"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.drive-software.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-H979-77J7-HX8X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-03 06:30 – Updated: 2025-02-03 06:30nDPI through 4.12 has a potential stack-based buffer overflow in ndpi_address_cache_restore in lib/ndpi_cache.c.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-25066"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-03T06:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "nDPI through 4.12 has a potential stack-based buffer overflow in ndpi_address_cache_restore in lib/ndpi_cache.c.",
"id": "GHSA-h979-77j7-hx8x",
"modified": "2025-02-03T06:30:53Z",
"published": "2025-02-03T06:30:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25066"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ntop/nDPI/commit/678697b5eb6c3caa5dd5f8cccfe9eed8d13b94bb"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H99G-PJXV-7GH9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-18 18:31 – Updated: 2026-09-18 18:31PLANET IGS-5225-8P2T4S industrial managed switch V1 and V2 firmware versions before 1.2412b260707 and 2.2412b260519 use MD5-based password hashing, a cryptographic algorithm with known weaknesses. An attacker who obtains the device configuration file can recover the privileged-mode access password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-81946"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-18T16:17:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PLANET IGS-5225-8P2T4S industrial managed switch V1 and V2 firmware versions before 1.2412b260707 and 2.2412b260519 use MD5-based password hashing, a cryptographic algorithm with known weaknesses. An attacker who obtains the device configuration file can recover the privileged-mode access password.",
"id": "GHSA-h99g-pjxv-7gh9",
"modified": "2026-09-18T18:31:41Z",
"published": "2026-09-18T18:31:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-81946"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.planet.com.tw/en/support/security-advisory/11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/planet-igs-5225-8p2t4s-v1-v2-weak-password-hashing-via-md5-algorithm"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.