CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5205 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-X58Q-Q278-R5C7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-23 18:30Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_schd, at 0x9d01a1d4, the value for the days key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x2b0.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16296"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_schd, at 0x9d01a1d4, the value for the `days` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x2b0`.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-x58q-q278-r5c7",
"modified": "2023-01-23T18:30:20Z",
"published": "2023-01-12T00:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16296"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X5F4-W9R3-6RPQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-20 18:30 – Updated: 2024-03-20 18:30A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC10U 15.03.06.49 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function formexeCommand of the file /goform/execCommand. The manipulation of the argument cmdinput leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-257459. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2708"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-20T18:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC10U 15.03.06.49 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function formexeCommand of the file /goform/execCommand. The manipulation of the argument cmdinput leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-257459. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-x5f4-w9r3-6rpq",
"modified": "2024-03-20T18:30:40Z",
"published": "2024-03-20T18:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2708"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC10U/v1.V15.03.06.49/more/formexeCommand.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.257459"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.257459"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X5GF-69XM-CJXM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-11 18:30 – Updated: 2024-06-11 18:30Windows Standards-Based Storage Management Service Denial of Service Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-30083"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-11T17:15:55Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Windows Standards-Based Storage Management Service Denial of Service Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-x5gf-69xm-cjxm",
"modified": "2024-06-11T18:30:49Z",
"published": "2024-06-11T18:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30083"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-30083"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X5HF-P447-47MJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-29 21:30 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:31D-Link DIR-823G A1V1.0.2B05 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the SOAPACTION parameter. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted input, and possibly remote code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-27655"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-29T20:15:41Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-823G A1V1.0.2B05 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the SOAPACTION parameter. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted input, and possibly remote code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-x5hf-p447-47mj",
"modified": "2024-08-01T15:31:29Z",
"published": "2024-02-29T21:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-27655"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://calm-healer-839.notion.site/D-LINK-DIR-823G-OOBW-0x41E094-f1bd478368644136ad2e3a33e59041b2?pvs=4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X5PM-5RMV-3PMJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-02 18:31 – Updated: 2024-10-02 18:31A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV042, RV042G, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, Administrator-level, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker would need to have valid Administrator credentials on the affected device. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the underlying operating system as the root user.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20521"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-02T17:15:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV042, RV042G, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, Administrator-level, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker would need to have valid Administrator credentials on the affected device.\n\u0026nbsp;\nThis vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the underlying operating system as the root user.",
"id": "GHSA-x5pm-5rmv-3pmj",
"modified": "2024-10-02T18:31:33Z",
"published": "2024-10-02T18:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20521"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-sb-rv04x_rv32x_vulns-yJ2OSDhV"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X639-3674-V6HC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32Stack-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-55038"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T18:18:15Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.",
"id": "GHSA-x639-3674-v6hc",
"modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:33Z",
"published": "2026-07-14T18:32:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-55038"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X63P-F88F-GG9J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-28 09:30 – Updated: 2024-09-28 09:30Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Business C50 WebSocket Base64 Decoding Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Business C50 chargers. Although authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability, the existing authentication mechanism can be bypassed.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of base64-encoded data within WebSocket messages. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device.
Was ZDI-CAN-23230
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-23967"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-28T07:15:03Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Business C50 WebSocket Base64 Decoding Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Business C50 chargers. Although authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability, the existing authentication mechanism can be bypassed.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of base64-encoded data within WebSocket messages. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device.\n\nWas ZDI-CAN-23230",
"id": "GHSA-x63p-f88f-gg9j",
"modified": "2024-09-28T09:30:44Z",
"published": "2024-09-28T09:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23967"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-853"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X65P-FJPX-X8QR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:40TOTOLINK CP450 v4.1.0cu.747_B20191224 was discovered to contain a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in the CloudACMunualUpdate function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-34212"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T15:38:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK CP450 v4.1.0cu.747_B20191224 was discovered to contain a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in the CloudACMunualUpdate function.",
"id": "GHSA-x65p-fjpx-x8qr",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:40:59Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T18:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-34212"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n0wstr/IOTVuln/tree/main/CP450/CloudACMunualUpdate_overflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X677-27JV-V4HG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-15 12:30 – Updated: 2026-02-15 12:30The Infotainment ECU manufactured by Bosch uses a RH850 module for CAN communication. RH850 is connected to infotainment over the INC interface through a custom protocol. There is a vulnerability during processing requests of this protocol on the V850 side which allows an attacker with code execution on the infotainment main SoC to perform code execution on the RH850 module and subsequently send arbitrary CAN messages over the connected CAN bus.
First identified on Nissan Leaf ZE1 manufactured in 2020.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-32058"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-15T11:15:52Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The Infotainment ECU manufactured by Bosch uses a RH850 module for CAN communication. RH850 is connected to infotainment over the INC interface through a custom protocol. There is a vulnerability during processing requests of this protocol on the V850 side which allows an attacker with code execution on the infotainment main SoC to perform code execution on the RH850 module and subsequently send arbitrary CAN messages over the connected CAN bus.\n\n\n\nFirst identified on Nissan Leaf ZE1 manufactured in 2020.",
"id": "GHSA-x677-27jv-v4hg",
"modified": "2026-02-15T12:30:25Z",
"published": "2026-02-15T12:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32058"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pcacybersecurity.com/resources/advisory/vulnerabilities-in-nissan-infotainment-manufactured-by-bosch"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.nissan.co.uk/vehicles/new-vehicles/leaf.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://i.blackhat.com/Asia-25/Asia-25-Evdokimov-Remote-Exploitation-of-Nissan-Leaf.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X699-5CWX-5543
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-19 21:31 – Updated: 2025-02-20 18:31Buffer Overflow vulnerability in Extreme Networks IQ Engine before 10.6r1a, and through 10.6r4 before 10.6r5, allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the implementation of the ah_auth service
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-46272"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-19T19:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Buffer Overflow vulnerability in Extreme Networks IQ Engine before 10.6r1a, and through 10.6r4 before 10.6r5, allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the implementation of the ah_auth service",
"id": "GHSA-x699-5cwx-5543",
"modified": "2025-02-20T18:31:22Z",
"published": "2025-02-19T21:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46272"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://extreme-networks.my.site.com/ExtrArticleDetail?an=000115355\u0026q=CVE-2023-46272"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1765"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.