CWE-122
AllowedHeap-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().
5347 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-3X22-R5W3-J249
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-18 15:31 – Updated: 2026-07-18 15:31OpenPLC_v3 contains a heap-based buffer overflow in the getData() function in webserver/core/modbus_master.cpp. getData() reads characters between two delimiters into a caller-supplied buffer with no size parameter and no bounds check. In parseConfig() the function is invoked with the 100-byte heap-allocated MB_device.dev_name field. An authenticated attacker with access to the OpenPLC web interface can send a crafted HTTP POST to the /modbus endpoint with an oversized device_name value; the value is persisted to mbconfig.cfg and parsed on load, overflowing dev_name and overwriting adjacent struct fields (protocol at offset 108, dev_address at offset 109, ip_port at offset 210). A 200-byte payload writes 100 bytes past the allocation. The result is heap corruption leading to runtime crash and denial of service of the PLC process control loop, with attacker-controlled overwrite of adjacent configuration fields. The upstream repository was archived on 2026-04-04 and no fix is expected; the vendor has confirmed the issue does not affect OpenPLC Runtime v4.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-11826"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-18T14:17:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "OpenPLC_v3 contains a heap-based buffer overflow in the getData() function in webserver/core/modbus_master.cpp. getData() reads characters between two delimiters into a caller-supplied buffer with no size parameter and no bounds check. In parseConfig() the function is invoked with the 100-byte heap-allocated MB_device.dev_name field. An authenticated attacker with access to the OpenPLC web interface can send a crafted HTTP POST to the /modbus endpoint with an oversized device_name value; the value is persisted to mbconfig.cfg and parsed on load, overflowing dev_name and overwriting adjacent struct fields (protocol at offset 108, dev_address at offset 109, ip_port at offset 210). A 200-byte payload writes 100 bytes past the allocation. The result is heap corruption leading to runtime crash and denial of service of the PLC process control loop, with attacker-controlled overwrite of adjacent configuration fields. The upstream repository was archived on 2026-04-04 and no fix is expected; the vendor has confirmed the issue does not affect OpenPLC Runtime v4.",
"id": "GHSA-3x22-r5w3-j249",
"modified": "2026-07-18T15:31:50Z",
"published": "2026-07-18T15:31:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-11826"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/thiagoralves/OpenPLC_v3/commit/b4702061dc14d1024856f71b4543298d77007b88"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/Shukhrat-03/5cf1825b72e485ef98a32958dfbc611a#security-vulnerability-report"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/thiagoralves/OpenPLC_v3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openplc-v3-heap-based-buffer-overflow-in-modbus-master-getdata"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-3X42-QH3F-F9P5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-28 18:33 – Updated: 2026-07-30 21:31schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.5 has a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the htmlToUTF8() HTML entity decoding function. The function parses attacker-controlled malicious HTML entities and uses memmove and memcpy to rearrange string content without validating buffer remaining size and boundary limits. Crafted oversized HTML entity strings can trigger heap out-of-bounds write, allowing remote code execution, memory information leakage, service crash or privilege escalation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-51270"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-28T16:18:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.5 has a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the htmlToUTF8() HTML entity decoding function. The function parses attacker-controlled malicious HTML entities and uses memmove and memcpy to rearrange string content without validating buffer remaining size and boundary limits. Crafted oversized HTML entity strings can trigger heap out-of-bounds write, allowing remote code execution, memory information leakage, service crash or privilege escalation.",
"id": "GHSA-3x42-qh3f-f9p5",
"modified": "2026-07-30T21:31:27Z",
"published": "2026-07-28T18:33:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-51270"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/programmervuln/cveadvisory-/blob/main/CVE-2026-51270"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/schreibfaul1/ESP32-audioI2S/blob/master/src/Audio.cpp"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3X5Q-47J3-8FW5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:32 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:32Heap-based buffer overflow in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-67642"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:18:24Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-3x5q-47j3-8fw5",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:32:11Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:32:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-67642"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-67642"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3X6C-WQXM-2HXM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-11 18:31 – Updated: 2026-08-11 18:31Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows HTTP.sys allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-62753"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-11T17:18:27Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows HTTP.sys allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-3x6c-wqxm-2hxm",
"modified": "2026-08-11T18:31:19Z",
"published": "2026-08-11T18:31:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62753"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-62753"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3X6F-VM7X-CGM7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-04 12:30 – Updated: 2026-08-27 21:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ipv6: account for fraggap on the paged allocation path
In __ip6_append_data(), when the paged-allocation branch is taken (MSG_MORE / NETIF_F_SG / large fraglen), alloclen and pagedlen are computed as
alloclen = fragheaderlen + transhdrlen;
pagedlen = datalen - transhdrlen;
datalen already includes fraggap (datalen = length + fraggap). When fraggap is non-zero, this is not the first skb and transhdrlen is zero. The fraggap bytes carried over from the previous skb are copied just past the fragment headers in the new skb's linear area. The linear area is therefore undersized by fraggap bytes while pagedlen is overstated by the same amount, and the copy writes past skb->end into the trailing skb_shared_info.
An unprivileged user can trigger this via a UDPv6 socket using MSG_MORE together with MSG_SPLICE_PAGES.
The bad accounting was introduced by commit 773ba4fe9104 ("ipv6: avoid partial copy for zc"). Before commit ce650a166335 ("udp6: Fix __ip6_append_data()'s handling of MSG_SPLICE_PAGES"), the negative copy value caused -EINVAL to be returned. That later commit allowed MSG_SPLICE_PAGES to proceed in this case, making the corruption triggerable.
The non-paged branch sets alloclen to fraglen, which already accounts for fraggap because datalen does. Bring the paged branch in line by adding fraggap to alloclen and subtracting it from pagedlen.
After this adjustment, copy no longer collapses to -fraggap on the paged path, so remove the stale comment describing that old arithmetic. Since a negative copy is no longer expected for a valid MSG_SPLICE_PAGES case, remove the MSG_SPLICE_PAGES exception from the negative copy check.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-53362"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-04T12:17:02Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipv6: account for fraggap on the paged allocation path\n\nIn __ip6_append_data(), when the paged-allocation branch is taken\n(MSG_MORE / NETIF_F_SG / large fraglen), alloclen and pagedlen are\ncomputed as\n\n\talloclen = fragheaderlen + transhdrlen;\n\tpagedlen = datalen - transhdrlen;\n\ndatalen already includes fraggap (datalen = length + fraggap). When\nfraggap is non-zero, this is not the first skb and transhdrlen is zero.\nThe fraggap bytes carried over from the previous skb are copied just past\nthe fragment headers in the new skb\u0027s linear area. The linear area is\ntherefore undersized by fraggap bytes while pagedlen is overstated by the\nsame amount, and the copy writes past skb-\u003eend into the trailing\nskb_shared_info.\n\nAn unprivileged user can trigger this via a UDPv6 socket using\nMSG_MORE together with MSG_SPLICE_PAGES.\n\nThe bad accounting was introduced by commit 773ba4fe9104 (\"ipv6:\navoid partial copy for zc\"). Before commit ce650a166335 (\"udp6: Fix\n__ip6_append_data()\u0027s handling of MSG_SPLICE_PAGES\"), the negative\ncopy value caused -EINVAL to be returned. That later commit allowed\nMSG_SPLICE_PAGES to proceed in this case, making the corruption\ntriggerable.\n\nThe non-paged branch sets alloclen to fraglen, which already accounts\nfor fraggap because datalen does. Bring the paged branch in line by\nadding fraggap to alloclen and subtracting it from pagedlen.\n\nAfter this adjustment, copy no longer collapses to -fraggap on the\npaged path, so remove the stale comment describing that old arithmetic.\nSince a negative copy is no longer expected for a valid MSG_SPLICE_PAGES\ncase, remove the MSG_SPLICE_PAGES exception from the negative copy check.",
"id": "GHSA-3x6f-vm7x-cgm7",
"modified": "2026-08-27T21:31:18Z",
"published": "2026-07-04T12:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53362"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/14200d435af9a9eeb444f529fc2f689a236b7962"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/46f201f8b4c39633a1fa3dc12459f506d470993d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6374fb9edf72c67a118a2c214a0dddd04c921e0a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/65fb14cbebb0cd0eff903a22d33537ddc8b95769"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/736b380e28d0480c7bc3e022f1950f31fe53a7c5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e9eacf19281ea2498b36291b56c9606118c2d74e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2026-53362"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3X6F-XWWW-8F62
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:32 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:32Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-69589"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:19:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-3x6f-xwww-8f62",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:32:47Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:32:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-69589"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69589"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3X6J-QQG9-972J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-19 21:30 – Updated: 2026-08-19 21:30IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to overwrite adjacent memory due to an integer underflow during bounds checking.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-18102"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-19T21:16:54Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to overwrite adjacent memory due to an integer underflow during bounds checking.",
"id": "GHSA-3x6j-qqg9-972j",
"modified": "2026-08-19T21:30:37Z",
"published": "2026-08-19T21:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-18102"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7283297"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3X7G-GFM7-3W86
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-11 18:31 – Updated: 2026-08-11 18:31Integer overflow or wraparound in Microsoft Azure Attestation service and Device Health Attestation Service allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-71331"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-11T17:19:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Integer overflow or wraparound in Microsoft Azure Attestation service and Device Health Attestation Service allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-3x7g-gfm7-3w86",
"modified": "2026-08-11T18:31:51Z",
"published": "2026-08-11T18:31:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-71331"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-71331"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3X8M-MCW2-VHX7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-13 18:38 – Updated: 2024-02-13 18:38Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-21354"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-13T18:15:51Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-3x8m-mcw2-vhx7",
"modified": "2024-02-13T18:38:23Z",
"published": "2024-02-13T18:38:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21354"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-21354"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3X8X-WG7P-5GQ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-12 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-12 21:30Substance3D - Painter versions 10.1.0 and earlier are affected by a Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-49517"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-12T20:15:12Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Substance3D - Painter versions 10.1.0 and earlier are affected by a Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-3x8x-wg7p-5gq4",
"modified": "2024-11-12T21:30:55Z",
"published": "2024-11-12T21:30:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49517"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/substance3d_painter/apsb24-86.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
Mitigation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow
This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.