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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-321

Allowed

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

The product uses a hard-coded, unchangeable cryptographic key.

600 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-WVM6-M87F-2VXP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-17 06:30 – Updated: 2026-09-17 06:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in the Acer Agent Service component included with NitroSense and PredatorSense. The vulnerability is caused by the use of a hard-coded AES encryption key within the software. Under certain circumstances, a local attacker may be able to use the embedded key to access protected information or perform unauthorized actions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-50603"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-17T04:17:46Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in the Acer Agent Service component included with NitroSense and PredatorSense. The vulnerability is caused by the use of a hard-coded AES encryption key within the software. Under certain circumstances, a local attacker may be able to use the embedded key to access protected information or perform unauthorized actions.",
  "id": "GHSA-wvm6-m87f-2vxp",
  "modified": "2026-09-17T06:30:31Z",
  "published": "2026-09-17T06:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50603"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://community.acer.com/en/kb/articles/19878"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WWQJ-8CP4-VJMH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 15:31 – Updated: 2026-07-22 15:31
VLAI
Details

In Progress® Telerik® UI for AJAX prior to v2026.2.708, the obsolete RadChart component's ChartImage.axd handler is vulnerable to unauthenticated file read and deletion of image-extension files within the application directory.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-14932"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-22T14:17:15Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In Progress\u00ae Telerik\u00ae UI for AJAX prior to v2026.2.708, the obsolete RadChart component\u0027s ChartImage.axd handler is vulnerable to unauthenticated file read and deletion of image-extension files within the application directory.",
  "id": "GHSA-wwqj-8cp4-vjmh",
  "modified": "2026-07-22T15:31:23Z",
  "published": "2026-07-22T15:31:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14932"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.telerik.com/products/aspnet-ajax/documentation/knowledge-base/kb-security-radchart-hardcoded-key-file-read-cve-2026-14932"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WWX9-WW39-C5VG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-03 21:31 – Updated: 2026-08-07 15:33
VLAI
Details

A cryptographic weakness exists in the Omada adoption protocol.  The protocol relies on hard-coded cryptographic keys to establish trust and protect authentication exchanges between controllers and managed devices during device adoption.

An attacker may be able to impersonate trusted controllers or managed devices and gain access to sensitive adoption-related communications.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-15627"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-03T19:16:40Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A cryptographic\nweakness exists in the Omada adoption protocol.\u00a0\nThe protocol relies on hard-coded cryptographic keys to establish trust and\nprotect authentication exchanges between controllers and managed devices during\ndevice adoption.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAn attacker may\nbe able to impersonate trusted controllers or managed devices and gain access\nto sensitive adoption-related communications.",
  "id": "GHSA-wwx9-ww39-c5vg",
  "modified": "2026-08-07T15:33:03Z",
  "published": "2026-08-03T21:31:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15627"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.omadanetworks.com/en/support/download"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.omadanetworks.com/us/support/download"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/5216"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WXJ8-443R-HMMR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-21 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:33
VLAI
Details

The certificate and private key used for providing transport layer security for connections to the web interface (TCP port 443) is hard-coded in the firmware and are shipped with the update files. An attacker can use the private key to perform man-in-the-middle attacks against users of the admin interface. The files are located in /etc/ssl (e.g. salia.local.crt, salia.local.key and salia.local.pem). There is no option to upload/configure custom TLS certificates.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-48417"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-21T13:16:03Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The certificate and private key used for providing transport layer security for connections to the web interface (TCP port 443) is hard-coded in the firmware and are shipped with the update files. An attacker can use the private key to perform man-in-the-middle attacks against users of the admin interface. The files are located in /etc/ssl (e.g. salia.local.crt, salia.local.key and salia.local.pem). There is no option to upload/configure custom TLS certificates.",
  "id": "GHSA-wxj8-443r-hmmr",
  "modified": "2025-11-03T21:33:57Z",
  "published": "2025-05-21T15:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48417"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://r.sec-consult.com/echarge"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/May/23"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-X2XX-G2X3-PC9M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:17 – Updated: 2025-11-05 00:31
VLAI
Details

GE Multilink ML800, ML1200, ML1600, and ML2400 switches with firmware 4.2.1 and earlier and Multilink ML810, ML3000, and ML3100 switches with firmware 5.2.0 and earlier use the same RSA private key across different customers' installations, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain the cleartext content of network traffic by reading this key from a firmware image and then sniffing the network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-5419"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2015-01-17T02:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "GE Multilink ML800, ML1200, ML1600, and ML2400 switches with firmware 4.2.1 and earlier and Multilink ML810, ML3000, and ML3100 switches with firmware 5.2.0 and earlier use the same RSA private key across different customers\u0027 installations, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain the cleartext content of network traffic by reading this key from a firmware image and then sniffing the network.",
  "id": "GHSA-x2xx-g2x3-pc9m",
  "modified": "2025-11-05T00:31:11Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:17:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-5419"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2015/icsa-15-013-04a.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-15-013-04"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-15-013-04a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.gedigitalenergy.com/products/support/multilink/MLSB1214.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-X43R-8Q5X-82P8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-09 18:32 – Updated: 2026-09-09 18:32
VLAI
Details

MaxSite CMS through 109.6 ships with a hardcoded session encryption key in application/config/config.php that is never changed during installation, allowing unauthenticated attackers to forge administrator session cookies. Attackers can mint a malicious ci_session cookie with administrator privileges by computing an HMAC-SHA1 using the publicly known encryption key, bypassing authentication checks in is_login() and mso_check_allow() functions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-87929"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-09T17:17:53Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "MaxSite CMS through 109.6 ships with a hardcoded session encryption key in application/config/config.php that is never changed during installation, allowing unauthenticated attackers to forge administrator session cookies. Attackers can mint a malicious ci_session cookie with administrator privileges by computing an HMAC-SHA1 using the publicly known encryption key, bypassing authentication checks in is_login() and mso_check_allow() functions.",
  "id": "GHSA-x43r-8q5x-82p8",
  "modified": "2026-09-09T18:32:05Z",
  "published": "2026-09-09T18:32:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-87929"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/EviL0rd/maxsite-cve4/blob/main/2026.09.08-maxsite-cms-hardcoded-session-key-auth-bypass.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/maxsite/cms"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/maxsite/cms/blob/2ca0a0c7d1d71106a25dbb0f2aedaaefbf12802c/application/config/config.php#L230-L254"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/maxsite/cms/blob/2ca0a0c7d1d71106a25dbb0f2aedaaefbf12802c/application/maxsite/common/core/init.php#L70-L96"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/maxsite-cms-through-109.6-authentication-bypass-via-hardcoded-encryption-key"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-X9QH-8H86-936G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-22 06:30 – Updated: 2025-12-22 06:30
VLAI
Details

Enterprise Cloud Database developed by Ragic has a Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to exploit the fixed key to generate verification information and log into the system as any user.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-15016"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-22T04:16:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Enterprise Cloud Database developed by Ragic has a Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to exploit the fixed key to generate verification information and log into the system as any user.",
  "id": "GHSA-x9qh-8h86-936g",
  "modified": "2025-12-22T06:30:27Z",
  "published": "2025-12-22T06:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15016"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10588-771e5-2.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10587-797c6-1.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XCFF-26C4-66WG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-11 09:30 – Updated: 2023-01-19 15:30
VLAI
Details

Dell EMC SCG Policy Manager, versions from 5.10 to 5.12, contain(s) a contain a Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability. An attacker with the knowledge of the hard-coded sensitive information, could potentially exploit this vulnerability to login to the system to gain admin privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-34440"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321",
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T09:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Dell EMC SCG Policy Manager, versions from 5.10 to 5.12, contain(s) a contain a Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability. An attacker with the knowledge of the hard-coded sensitive information, could potentially exploit this vulnerability to login to the system to gain admin privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-xcff-26c4-66wg",
  "modified": "2023-01-19T15:30:31Z",
  "published": "2023-01-11T09:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-34440"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000204995/dsa-2022-273-dell-secure-connect-gateway-policy-manager-security-update-for-multiple-proprietary-code-vulnerabilities"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XGR2-PJ73-VRPJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:33 – Updated: 2026-09-11 15:32
VLAI
Details

The vulnerability, if exploited, could allow a miscreant with read access to PIMBoards project files to decrypt and view sensitive information.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-81821"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:20:57Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The vulnerability, if exploited, could allow a miscreant with read access to PIMBoards project files to decrypt and view sensitive information.",
  "id": "GHSA-xgr2-pj73-vrpj",
  "modified": "2026-09-11T15:32:30Z",
  "published": "2026-09-08T18:33:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-81821"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-253-01.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.aveva.com/content/dam/aveva/documents/support/cyber-security-updates/SecurityBulletin_AVEVA-2026-006.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-253-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XHCV-4CG2-46V5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-10 12:30 – Updated: 2025-02-10 12:30
VLAI
Details

The TP-Link Tapo C500 V1 and V2 are a pan-and-tilt outdoor Wi-Fi security cameras designed for comprehensive surveillance.

This vulnerability exists in Tapo C500 Wi-Fi camera due to hard-coded RSA private key embedded within the device firmware. An attacker with physical access could exploit this vulnerability to obtain cryptographic private keys which can then be used to perform impersonation, data decryption and man in the middle attacks on the targeted device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-1099"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-10T11:15:21Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The TP-Link Tapo C500 V1 and V2 are a pan-and-tilt outdoor Wi-Fi security cameras designed for comprehensive surveillance. \n\nThis vulnerability exists in Tapo C500 Wi-Fi camera due to hard-coded RSA private key embedded within the device firmware. An attacker with physical access could exploit this vulnerability to obtain cryptographic private keys which can then be used to perform impersonation, data decryption and man in the middle attacks on the targeted device.",
  "id": "GHSA-xhcv-4cg2-46v5",
  "modified": "2025-02-10T12:30:45Z",
  "published": "2025-02-10T12:30:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1099"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cert-in.org.in/s2cMainServlet?pageid=PUBVLNOTES01\u0026VLCODE=CIVN-2025-0017"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Prevention schemes mirror that of hard-coded password storage.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.