Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-329

Allowed

Generation of Predictable IV with CBC Mode

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product generates and uses a predictable initialization Vector (IV) with Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) Mode, which causes algorithms to be susceptible to dictionary attacks when they are encrypted under the same key.

19 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-2PPP-9496-P23Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-06-15 19:34 – Updated: 2021-06-09 20:15
VLAI
Summary
Insufficient Entropy in Spring Security
Details

Spring Security versions 5.3.x prior to 5.3.2, 5.2.x prior to 5.2.4, 5.1.x prior to 5.1.10, 5.0.x prior to 5.0.16 and 4.2.x prior to 4.2.16 use a fixed null initialization vector with CBC Mode in the implementation of the queryable text encryptor. A malicious user with access to the data that has been encrypted using such an encryptor may be able to derive the unencrypted values using a dictionary attack.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.springframework.security:spring-security-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.3.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.3.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.springframework.security:spring-security-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.2.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.springframework.security:spring-security-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.1.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.1.10"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.springframework.security:spring-security-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.0.16"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.springframework.security:spring-security-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.2.16"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-5408"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-329",
      "CWE-330"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-11T20:44:52Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-05-14T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Spring Security versions 5.3.x prior to 5.3.2, 5.2.x prior to 5.2.4, 5.1.x prior to 5.1.10, 5.0.x prior to 5.0.16 and 4.2.x prior to 4.2.16 use a fixed null initialization vector with CBC Mode in the implementation of the queryable text encryptor. A malicious user with access to the data that has been encrypted using such an encryptor may be able to derive the unencrypted values using a dictionary attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-2ppp-9496-p23q",
  "modified": "2021-06-09T20:15:25Z",
  "published": "2020-06-15T19:34:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5408"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tanzu.vmware.com/security/cve-2020-5408"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuApr2021.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2021.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Insufficient Entropy in Spring Security"
}

GHSA-47G5-G8GC-H4QG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:09 – Updated: 2023-06-30 18:31
VLAI
Details

Ypsomed mylife Cloud, mylife Mobile Application, Ypsomed mylife Cloud: All versions prior to 1.7.2, Ypsomed mylife App: All versions prior to 1.7.5,The application layer encryption of the communication protocol between the Ypsomed mylife App and mylife Cloud uses non-random IVs, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to tamper with messages.

Severity
5.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-27499"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-329",
      "CWE-330"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-08-02T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Ypsomed mylife Cloud, mylife Mobile Application, Ypsomed mylife Cloud: All versions prior to 1.7.2, Ypsomed mylife App: All versions prior to 1.7.5,The application layer encryption of the communication protocol between the Ypsomed mylife App and mylife Cloud uses non-random IVs, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to tamper with messages.",
  "id": "GHSA-47g5-g8gc-h4qg",
  "modified": "2023-06-30T18:31:00Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:09:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27499"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsma-21-196-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9458-4323-HX4R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-07 18:30 – Updated: 2026-07-07 18:30
VLAI
Details

A flaw was found in 389-ds-base where the LDBM backend attribute encryption uses a hardcoded static initialization vector for AES-CBC and 3DES-CBC operations, allowing an attacker with privileged filesystem access to detect plaintext equality across encrypted entries by comparing ciphertext blocks.

Severity
4.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-14969"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-329"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-07T16:16:38Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in 389-ds-base where the LDBM backend attribute encryption uses a hardcoded static initialization vector for AES-CBC and 3DES-CBC operations, allowing an attacker with privileged filesystem access to detect plaintext equality across encrypted entries by comparing ciphertext blocks.",
  "id": "GHSA-9458-4323-hx4r",
  "modified": "2026-07-07T18:30:42Z",
  "published": "2026-07-07T18:30:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14969"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-14969"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2497735"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-C9PJ-MWPH-2XJM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:40 – Updated: 2026-05-28 21:31
VLAI
Details

Error handling in the SSH protocol in (1) SSH Tectia Client and Server and Connector 4.0 through 4.4.11, 5.0 through 5.2.4, and 5.3 through 5.3.8; Client and Server and ConnectSecure 6.0 through 6.0.4; Server for Linux on IBM System z 6.0.4; Server for IBM z/OS 5.5.1 and earlier, 6.0.0, and 6.0.1; and Client 4.0-J through 4.3.3-J and 4.0-K through 4.3.10-K; and (2) OpenSSH 4.7p1 and possibly other versions, when using a block cipher algorithm in Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) mode, makes it easier for remote attackers to recover certain plaintext data from an arbitrary block of ciphertext in an SSH session via unknown vectors.

Severity
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-5161"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-329"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-11-19T17:30:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Error handling in the SSH protocol in (1) SSH Tectia Client and Server and Connector 4.0 through 4.4.11, 5.0 through 5.2.4, and 5.3 through 5.3.8; Client and Server and ConnectSecure 6.0 through 6.0.4; Server for Linux on IBM System z 6.0.4; Server for IBM z/OS 5.5.1 and earlier, 6.0.0, and 6.0.1; and Client 4.0-J through 4.3.3-J and 4.0-K through 4.3.10-K; and (2) OpenSSH 4.7p1 and possibly other versions, when using a block cipher algorithm in Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) mode, makes it easier for remote attackers to recover certain plaintext data from an arbitrary block of ciphertext in an SSH session via unknown vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-c9pj-mwph-2xjm",
  "modified": "2026-05-28T21:31:43Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T02:40:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-5161"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/46620"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://h20566.www2.hpe.com/portal/site/hpsc/public/kb/docDisplay?docId=emr_na-c05157667"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content\u0026id=SB10106"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content\u0026id=SB10163"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A11279"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://isc.sans.org/diary.html?storyid=5366"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content\u0026id=JSA10705"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2009/Nov/msg00000.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=125017764422557\u0026w=2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://openssh.org/txt/cbc.adv"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://osvdb.org/49872"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://osvdb.org/50035"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://osvdb.org/50036"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2009-1287.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32740"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32760"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32833"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/33121"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/33308"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/34857"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/36558"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://sunsolve.sun.com/search/document.do?assetkey=1-66-247186-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3937"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://support.attachmate.com/techdocs/2398.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://support.avaya.com/elmodocs2/security/ASA-2008-503.htm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.cpni.gov.uk/Docs/Vulnerability_Advisory_SSH.txt"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/958563"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.rtpro.yamaha.co.jp/RT/FAQ/Security/CPNI957037.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/498558/100/0/threaded"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/498579/100/0/threaded"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/32319"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1021235"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1021236"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1021382"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ssh.com/company/news/article/953"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/3172"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/3173"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/3409"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/1135"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/3184"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G29V-Q6H7-76WH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 20:30 – Updated: 2026-06-09 10:20
VLAI
Summary
electerm's encrypt method not safe enough
Details

Impact

Insecure sync encryption: deterministic AES-192-CBC with a fixed zero IV, constant KDF salt, and no MAC leads to confidentiality and integrity failures for synced bookmark/profile data. Attackers can crack common passwords across installs and perform undetected ciphertext bit-flips to alter config/bookmarks.

Patches

  • https://github.com/electerm/electerm/commit/9dd8295e37d53396b980cd45dfc5ed11ad79b937

Workarounds

  • No

References

  • Report / credit: https://github.com/Curly-Haired-Baboon
  • Electerm releases: https://github.com/electerm/electerm/releases
Severity
6.0 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "electerm"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.9.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-45787"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-326",
      "CWE-329",
      "CWE-353",
      "CWE-759",
      "CWE-916"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-14T20:30:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-28T18:16:35Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n_Insecure sync encryption: deterministic AES-192-CBC with a fixed zero IV, constant KDF salt, and no MAC leads to confidentiality and integrity failures for synced bookmark/profile data. Attackers can crack common passwords across installs and perform undetected ciphertext bit-flips to alter config/bookmarks._\n\n### Patches\n\n- https://github.com/electerm/electerm/commit/9dd8295e37d53396b980cd45dfc5ed11ad79b937\n\n### Workarounds\n\n- No\n\n### References\n- Report / credit: https://github.com/Curly-Haired-Baboon\n- Electerm releases: https://github.com/electerm/electerm/releases",
  "id": "GHSA-g29v-q6h7-76wh",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T10:20:23Z",
  "published": "2026-05-14T20:30:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/electerm/electerm/security/advisories/GHSA-g29v-q6h7-76wh"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45787"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/electerm/electerm/commit/9dd8295e37d53396b980cd45dfc5ed11ad79b937"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/electerm/electerm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/electerm/electerm/releases/tag/v3.9.5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "electerm\u0027s encrypt method not safe enough"
}

GHSA-Q8W6-W55C-CCV5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-11 14:42 – Updated: 2026-05-11 14:42
VLAI
Summary
Keylime has a hardcoded attestation challenge nonce that allows replay attacks
Details

CVE-2026-6420: Hardcoded attestation challenge nonce allows replay attacks

Impact

The CertificationParameters.generate_challenge() method in the push attestation protocol uses a hardcoded challenge nonce instead of generating a cryptographically random value. This removes the nonce-based replay protection from TPM quote attestation.

An attacker with root access on a monitored agent node can exploit this by stockpiling valid TPM quotes (using tpm2_quote with the known nonce) before compromising the system, then replaying them to evade detection by the verifier. The push attestation timeout (~10s) constrains the generation window, but TPM throughput allows stockpiling ~50-200 quotes, enabling approximately 8-33 minutes of undetected compromise with default settings.

The attack is limited to a single agent node (AK signature binding prevents cross-agent replay). The pull-mode (legacy) attestation path is not affected.

Affected versions: >= 7.14.0, <= 7.14.1

CVSS: 6.3 Medium (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L)

Metric Value Rationale
AV Local Exploitation requires local access to the agent machine (stop agent, access TPM, run replacement). The network transmission of quotes to the verifier is normal protocol operation.
AC Low Deterministic attack: publicly visible nonce, standard tpm2-tools, no race conditions.
PR High Root on a legitimate enrolled node is required. The vulnerability does not help gain access -- it only helps evade detection after root is obtained. No value against a machine the attacker already controls.
UI None Fully automated after initial setup.
S Unchanged AK signature binding confines impact to the single compromised agent.
C High Compromised node continues receiving bootstrap keys, payloads, and secrets intended for trusted nodes.
I High Verifier cannot distinguish a healthy system from a fully compromised one during the evasion window.
A Low Only the compromised agent's revocation and incident response are suppressed; the system as a whole remains operational.

The base score does not fully capture the operational severity: Keylime exists to detect machine compromise, so 8-33 minutes of undetected compromise is operationally critical. The fix is a one-line change and should be applied immediately regardless of the base score.

Patches

The fix restores the original random nonce generation (one-line change in keylime/models/verifier/evidence.py):

# Before (vulnerable):
def generate_challenge(self, bit_length):
    # self.challenge = Nonce.generate(bit_length)
    self.challenge = bytes.fromhex("49beed365aac777dae23564f5ad0ec")

# After (fixed):
def generate_challenge(self, bit_length):
    self.challenge = Nonce.generate(bit_length)

Users should upgrade to the version containing this fix (7.14.2).

Workarounds

There is no complete workaround. The following existing mechanisms provide partial mitigation and are already active by default (no configuration needed):

  1. TPM clock monotonicity check limits each distinct stockpiled quote to a single use, bounding the total evasion time.
  2. Push attestation timeout (default 10s) prevents the attacker from going silent and constrains the quote generation window.

Reducing quote_interval increases the attestation frequency but does not prevent the stockpiling attack.

References

  • CWE-329: Generation of Predictable IV/Nonce (primary -- hardcoded nonce in cryptographic attestation protocol)
  • CWE-547: Use of Hard-Coded, Security-relevant Constants (hardcoded constant left in production code)
  • CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay (consequence -- enables replay attacks)
  • CWE-1241: Use of Predictable Algorithm in Random Number Generator
  • Introducing commit: 2bf91197 via PR #1814
  • TCG TPM 2.0 Library Specification, Part 1, Section 18.4 (TPM2_Quote)
  • IETF RATS Architecture (RFC 9334), Section 8 (Freshness)
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 7.14.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "keylime"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "7.14.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.14.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-6420"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1241",
      "CWE-294",
      "CWE-329",
      "CWE-547"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-11T14:42:46Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## CVE-2026-6420: Hardcoded attestation challenge nonce allows replay attacks\n\n### Impact\n\nThe `CertificationParameters.generate_challenge()` method in the push attestation protocol uses a hardcoded challenge nonce instead of generating a cryptographically random value. This removes the nonce-based replay protection from TPM quote attestation.\n\nAn attacker with root access on a monitored agent node can exploit this by stockpiling valid TPM quotes (using `tpm2_quote` with the known nonce) before compromising the system, then replaying them to evade detection by the verifier. The push attestation timeout (~10s) constrains the generation window, but TPM throughput allows stockpiling ~50-200 quotes, enabling approximately 8-33 minutes of undetected compromise with default settings.\n\nThe attack is limited to a single agent node (AK signature binding prevents cross-agent replay). The pull-mode (legacy) attestation path is not affected.\n\n**Affected versions:** \u003e= 7.14.0, \u003c= 7.14.1\n\n**CVSS:** 6.3 Medium (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L`)\n\n| Metric | Value | Rationale |\n|---|---|---|\n| AV | Local | Exploitation requires local access to the agent machine (stop agent, access TPM, run replacement). The network transmission of quotes to the verifier is normal protocol operation. |\n| AC | Low | Deterministic attack: publicly visible nonce, standard `tpm2-tools`, no race conditions. |\n| PR | High | Root on a legitimate enrolled node is required. The vulnerability does not help gain access -- it only helps evade detection after root is obtained. No value against a machine the attacker already controls. |\n| UI | None | Fully automated after initial setup. |\n| S | Unchanged | AK signature binding confines impact to the single compromised agent. |\n| C | High | Compromised node continues receiving bootstrap keys, payloads, and secrets intended for trusted nodes. |\n| I | High | Verifier cannot distinguish a healthy system from a fully compromised one during the evasion window. |\n| A | Low | Only the compromised agent\u0027s revocation and incident response are suppressed; the system as a whole remains operational. |\n\nThe base score does not fully capture the operational severity: Keylime exists to detect machine compromise, so 8-33 minutes of undetected compromise is operationally critical. The fix is a one-line change and should be applied immediately regardless of the base score.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe fix restores the original random nonce generation (one-line change in `keylime/models/verifier/evidence.py`):\n\n```python\n# Before (vulnerable):\ndef generate_challenge(self, bit_length):\n    # self.challenge = Nonce.generate(bit_length)\n    self.challenge = bytes.fromhex(\"49beed365aac777dae23564f5ad0ec\")\n\n# After (fixed):\ndef generate_challenge(self, bit_length):\n    self.challenge = Nonce.generate(bit_length)\n```\n\nUsers should upgrade to the version containing this fix (7.14.2).\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThere is no complete workaround. The following existing mechanisms provide partial mitigation and are already active by default (no configuration needed):\n\n1. **TPM clock monotonicity check** limits each distinct stockpiled quote to a single use, bounding the total evasion time.\n2. **Push attestation timeout** (default 10s) prevents the attacker from going silent and constrains the quote generation window.\n\nReducing `quote_interval` increases the attestation frequency but does not prevent the stockpiling attack.\n\n### References\n\n- CWE-329: Generation of Predictable IV/Nonce (primary -- hardcoded nonce in cryptographic attestation protocol)\n- CWE-547: Use of Hard-Coded, Security-relevant Constants (hardcoded constant left in production code)\n- CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay (consequence -- enables replay attacks)\n- CWE-1241: Use of Predictable Algorithm in Random Number Generator\n- Introducing commit: [`2bf91197`](https://github.com/keylime/keylime/commit/2bf91197) via [PR #1814](https://github.com/keylime/keylime/pull/1814)\n- TCG TPM 2.0 Library Specification, Part 1, Section 18.4 (TPM2_Quote)\n- IETF RATS Architecture (RFC 9334), Section 8 (Freshness)",
  "id": "GHSA-q8w6-w55c-ccv5",
  "modified": "2026-05-11T14:42:46Z",
  "published": "2026-05-11T14:42:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keylime/keylime/security/advisories/GHSA-q8w6-w55c-ccv5"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6420"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-6420"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2458889"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/keylime/keylime"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Keylime has a hardcoded attestation challenge nonce that allows replay attacks"
}

GHSA-WPQ6-5M7Q-85XR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-08 21:30 – Updated: 2025-07-08 21:30
VLAI
Details

IBM OpenPages with Watson 8.3 and 9.0

could provide weaker than expected security in storage of encrypted data. If an authenticated remote attacker with access to the database or a local attacker with access to server files could extract the encrypted data, they could exploit this vulnerability to use additional cryptographic methods to possibly extract the encrypted data.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-49783"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-329"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-08T19:15:38Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM OpenPages with Watson 8.3 and 9.0 \n\n\n\ncould provide weaker than expected security in storage of encrypted data. If an authenticated remote attacker with access to the database or a local attacker with access to server files could extract the encrypted data, they could exploit this vulnerability to use additional cryptographic methods to possibly extract the encrypted data.",
  "id": "GHSA-wpq6-5m7q-85xr",
  "modified": "2025-07-08T21:30:27Z",
  "published": "2025-07-08T21:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49783"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7239145"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XPFQ-7J72-X4PX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-13 00:30 – Updated: 2025-09-05 15:31
VLAI
Details

Crypt::CBC versions between 1.21 and 3.04 for Perl may use the rand() function as the default source of entropy, which is not cryptographically secure, for cryptographic functions.

This issue affects operating systems where "/dev/urandom'" is unavailable.  In that case, Crypt::CBC will fallback to use the insecure rand() function.

Severity
4.0 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-2814"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-329",
      "CWE-338"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-13T00:15:14Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Crypt::CBC versions between 1.21 and 3.04 for Perl may use the rand() function as the default source of entropy, which is not cryptographically secure, for cryptographic functions.\n\nThis issue affects operating systems where \"/dev/urandom\u0027\" is unavailable.\u00a0 In that case, Crypt::CBC will fallback to use the insecure rand() function.",
  "id": "GHSA-xpfq-7j72-x4px",
  "modified": "2025-09-05T15:31:06Z",
  "published": "2025-04-13T00:30:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2814"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/lstein/Lib-Crypt-CBC/commit/37111f7cd894bcec46156ba7f40a49c126ebf535.patch"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://metacpan.org/dist/Crypt-CBC/source/lib/Crypt/CBC.pm#L777"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://perldoc.perl.org/functions/rand"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.metacpan.org/docs/guides/random-data-for-security.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XXW7-44HW-5XGC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-29 00:30 – Updated: 2025-02-19 21:31
VLAI
Details

FP.io VPP (Vector Packet Processor) 22.10, 22.06, 22.02, 21.10, 21.06, 21.01, 20.09, 20.05, 20.01, 19.08, and 19.04 Generates a Predictable IV with CBC Mode.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-46397"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-329"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-28T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "FP.io VPP (Vector Packet Processor) 22.10, 22.06, 22.02, 21.10, 21.06, 21.01, 20.09, 20.05, 20.01, 19.08, and 19.04 Generates a Predictable IV with CBC Mode.",
  "id": "GHSA-xxw7-44hw-5xgc",
  "modified": "2025-02-19T21:31:29Z",
  "published": "2023-03-29T00:30:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46397"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fd.io/g/security-announce/message/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://s3-docs.fd.io/vpp/23.02"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Implementation

NIST recommends two methods of generating unpredictable IVs for CBC mode [REF-1172]. The first is to generate the IV randomly. The second method is to encrypt a nonce with the same key and cipher to be used to encrypt the plaintext. In this case the nonce must be unique but can be predictable, since the block cipher will act as a pseudo random permutation.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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