Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-345

Discouraged

Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product does not sufficiently verify the origin or authenticity of data, in a way that causes it to accept invalid data.

949 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-F22X-PP6J-8H8J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-17 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-23 15:30
VLAI
Details

PAX Technology A930 PayDroid 7.1.1 Virgo V04.4.02 20211201 allows root privileged attackers to install an unsigned application by copying the APK to /data/app, setting the appropriate permissions and rebooting the device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-26579"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-345"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-16T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "PAX Technology A930 PayDroid 7.1.1 Virgo V04.4.02 20211201 allows root privileged attackers to install an unsigned application by copying the APK to /data/app, setting the appropriate permissions and rebooting the device.",
  "id": "GHSA-f22x-pp6j-8h8j",
  "modified": "2024-04-23T15:30:34Z",
  "published": "2022-12-17T00:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26579"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cyshield.com/e077d6c3-adff-49a1-afc3-71e10140f95c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/wr3nchsr/PAX-Paydroid-Advisories/blob/master/advisories/2022/CVEs/CVE-2022-26579.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wr3nchsr.github.io/pax-paydroid-vulnerabilities-advisory-2022"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-F27H-G923-68HW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-25 00:31 – Updated: 2025-01-09 15:50
VLAI
Summary
OpenStack Neutron can use an incorrect ID during policy enforcement
Details

In OpenStack Neutron before 25.0.1, neutron/extensions/tagging.py can use an incorrect ID during policy enforcement. It does not apply the proper policy check for changing network tags. An unprivileged tenant is able to change (add and clear) tags on network objects that do not belong to the tenant, and this action is not subjected to the proper policy authorization check. This affects 23 before 23.2.1, 24 before 24.0.2, and 25 before 25.0.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "neutron"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "23.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "23.2.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "neutron"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "24.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "24.0.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "neutron"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "25.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "25.0.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-53916"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-345",
      "CWE-754"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-11-25T15:29:24Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-25T00:15:04Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In OpenStack Neutron before 25.0.1, neutron/extensions/tagging.py can use an incorrect ID during policy enforcement. It does not apply the proper policy check for changing network tags. An unprivileged tenant is able to change (add and clear) tags on network objects that do not belong to the tenant, and this action is not subjected to the proper policy authorization check. This affects 23 before 23.2.1, 24 before 24.0.2, and 25 before 25.0.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-f27h-g923-68hw",
  "modified": "2025-01-09T15:50:49Z",
  "published": "2024-11-25T00:31:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-53916"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openstack/neutron"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openstack/neutron/blob/363ffa6e9e1ab5968f87d45bc2f1cb6394f48b9f/neutron/extensions/tagging.py#L138-L232"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://review.opendev.org/c/openstack/neutron/+/935883"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://review.opendev.org/q/project:openstack/neutron"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.openstack.org/ossa/OSSA-2024-005.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/12/03/1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenStack Neutron can use an incorrect ID during policy enforcement"
}

GHSA-F2CQ-M485-XQ43

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-06 15:30 – Updated: 2024-06-06 15:30
VLAI
Details

An attacker with access to the private network (the charger is connected to) or local access to the Ethernet-Interface can exploit a faulty implementation of the JWT-library in order to bypass the password authentication to the web configuration interface and then has full access as the user would have. However, an attacker will not have developer or admin rights. If the implementation of the JWT-library is wrongly configured to accept "none"-algorithms, the server will pass insecure JWT. A local, unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to bypass the authentication mechanism.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-5684"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-345"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-06T13:15:32Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An attacker with access to the private network (the charger is connected to) or local access to the Ethernet-Interface can exploit a faulty implementation of the JWT-library in order to bypass the password authentication to the web configuration interface and then has full access as the user would have. However, an attacker will not have developer or admin rights. If the implementation of the JWT-library is wrongly configured to accept \"none\"-algorithms, the server will pass insecure JWT. A local, unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to bypass the authentication mechanism.",
  "id": "GHSA-f2cq-m485-xq43",
  "modified": "2024-06-06T15:30:36Z",
  "published": "2024-06-06T15:30:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5684"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://asrg.io/security-advisories/vulnerability-in-id-charger-connect-and-pro-from-volkswagen-group-charging-gmbh-elli-evbox-versions-spr3-2b-spr3-51-and-spr3-52"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-F3R2-88MQ-9V4G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-17 20:56 – Updated: 2025-12-17 20:56
VLAI
Summary
Auth0 Symfony SDK has Improper Audience Validation via Auth0-PHP SDK
Details

Description

In applications built with the Auth0-PHP SDK, the audience validation in access tokens is performed improperly. Without proper validation, affected applications may accept ID tokens as Access tokens.

Affected product and versions

Projects are affected if they meet the following preconditions:

  • Applications using the Auth0 Symfony SDK with versions between 5.0.0 and 5.5.0
  • Auth0 Symfony SDK uses the Auth0-PHP SDK with versions between 8.0.0 and 8.17.0.

Resolution

Upgrade Auth0/symfony to version 5.6.0 or greater.

Acknowledgement

Okta would like to thank Jafar Sadiq (iaf4r) for their discovery and responsible disclosure.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.5.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "auth0/symfony"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.6.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1395",
      "CWE-345",
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-12-17T20:56:37Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Description\nIn applications built with the Auth0-PHP SDK, the audience validation in access tokens is performed improperly. Without proper validation, affected applications may accept ID tokens as Access tokens.\n\n### Affected product and versions\nProjects are affected if they meet the following preconditions:\n\n- Applications using the Auth0 Symfony SDK with versions between 5.0.0 and 5.5.0\n- Auth0 Symfony SDK uses the Auth0-PHP SDK with versions between 8.0.0 and 8.17.0.\n\n### Resolution\nUpgrade Auth0/symfony to version 5.6.0 or greater.\n\n### Acknowledgement\nOkta would like to thank Jafar Sadiq (iaf4r) for their discovery and responsible disclosure.",
  "id": "GHSA-f3r2-88mq-9v4g",
  "modified": "2025-12-17T20:56:37Z",
  "published": "2025-12-17T20:56:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/auth0/symfony/security/advisories/GHSA-f3r2-88mq-9v4g"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/auth0/symfony/commit/0103d6f8dcef6996653fad1f823d1c167f472479"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/auth0/symfony"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/auth0/symfony/releases/tag/5.6.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Auth0 Symfony SDK has Improper Audience Validation via Auth0-PHP SDK"
}

GHSA-F4PG-W29Q-PM6G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-20 12:30 – Updated: 2025-07-20 12:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in Eluktronics Control Center 5.23.51.41. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component REG File Handler. The manipulation leads to insufficient verification of data authenticity. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-7884"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-345"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-20T11:15:24Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in Eluktronics Control Center 5.23.51.41. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component REG File Handler. The manipulation leads to insufficient verification of data authenticity. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-f4pg-w29q-pm6g",
  "modified": "2025-07-20T12:30:26Z",
  "published": "2025-07-20T12:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-7884"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://drive.proton.me/urls/5PQ1VRZ3CG#M2JyUWapaX85"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.316999"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.316999"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.611436"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-F4X7-RFWP-V3XW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-22 16:56 – Updated: 2025-08-22 16:56
VLAI
Summary
Picklescan missing detection when calling pytorch function torch.fx.experimental.symbolic_shapes.ShapeEnv.evaluate_guards_expression
Details

Summary

Using torch.fx.experimental.symbolic_shapes.ShapeEnv.evaluate_guards_expression function, which is a pytorch library function to execute remote pickle file.

Details

The attack payload executes in the following steps:

First, the attacker craft the payload by calling to torch.fx.experimental.symbolic_shapes.ShapeEnv.evaluate_guards_expression function in reduce method Then when the victim after checking whether the pickle file is safe by using Picklescan library and this library doesn't dectect any dangerous functions, decide to pickle.load() this malicious pickle file, thus lead to remote code execution.

PoC

import types
import torch.fx.experimental.symbolic_shapes as symbolic_shapes

class EvilTorchFxSymbolicShapesEvaluateGuardsExpression:
    def __reduce__(self):
        fake_self = str
        code = "__import__('os').system('whoami')"
        args = []
        return symbolic_shapes.ShapeEnv.evaluate_guards_expression, (fake_self, code, args)

Impact

Who is impacted? Any organization or individual relying on picklescan to detect malicious pickle files inside PyTorch models. What is the impact? Attackers can embed malicious code in pickle file that remains undetected but executes when the pickle file is loaded. Supply Chain Attack: Attackers can distribute infected pickle files across ML models, APIs, or saved Python objects.

Corresponding

https://github.com/FredericDT https://github.com/Qhaoduoyu

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.0.27"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "picklescan"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.0.28"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-345"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-08-22T16:56:53Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nUsing torch.fx.experimental.symbolic_shapes.ShapeEnv.evaluate_guards_expression function, which is a pytorch library function to execute remote pickle file.\n\n### Details\n\nThe attack payload executes in the following steps:\n\nFirst, the attacker craft the payload by calling to torch.fx.experimental.symbolic_shapes.ShapeEnv.evaluate_guards_expression function in reduce method\nThen when the victim after checking whether the pickle file is safe by using Picklescan library and this library doesn\u0027t dectect any dangerous functions, decide to pickle.load() this malicious pickle file, thus lead to remote code execution.\n\n### PoC\n\n```\nimport types\nimport torch.fx.experimental.symbolic_shapes as symbolic_shapes\n\nclass EvilTorchFxSymbolicShapesEvaluateGuardsExpression:\n    def __reduce__(self):\n        fake_self = str\n        code = \"__import__(\u0027os\u0027).system(\u0027whoami\u0027)\"\n        args = []\n        return symbolic_shapes.ShapeEnv.evaluate_guards_expression, (fake_self, code, args)\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nWho is impacted? Any organization or individual relying on picklescan to detect malicious pickle files inside PyTorch models.\nWhat is the impact? Attackers can embed malicious code in pickle file that remains undetected but executes when the pickle file is loaded.\nSupply Chain Attack: Attackers can distribute infected pickle files across ML models, APIs, or saved Python objects.\n\n### Corresponding\n\nhttps://github.com/FredericDT\nhttps://github.com/Qhaoduoyu",
  "id": "GHSA-f4x7-rfwp-v3xw",
  "modified": "2025-08-22T16:56:53Z",
  "published": "2025-08-22T16:56:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/security/advisories/GHSA-f4x7-rfwp-v3xw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/pull/47"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/commit/7f994d62084fe43f1cffdef2f9bae6923344ef53"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/releases/tag/v0.0.28"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [],
  "summary": "Picklescan missing detection when calling pytorch function torch.fx.experimental.symbolic_shapes.ShapeEnv.evaluate_guards_expression"
}

GHSA-F5M3-PWFC-3WQ8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-08 18:34 – Updated: 2025-04-08 18:34
VLAI
Details

Insufficient verification of data authenticity in Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave allows an authorized attacker to bypass a security feature locally.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-27735"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-345"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-08T18:16:01Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Insufficient verification of data authenticity in Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave allows an authorized attacker to bypass a security feature locally.",
  "id": "GHSA-f5m3-pwfc-3wq8",
  "modified": "2025-04-08T18:34:52Z",
  "published": "2025-04-08T18:34:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27735"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-27735"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-F68P-QXCR-HW3P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:21 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:21
VLAI
Details

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when Windows improperly handles calls to the LUAFV driver (luafv.sys), aka 'Windows Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-0730, CVE-2019-0731, CVE-2019-0796, CVE-2019-0836, CVE-2019-0841.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-0805"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-345"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-04-09T21:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when Windows improperly handles calls to the LUAFV driver (luafv.sys), aka \u0027Windows Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-0730, CVE-2019-0731, CVE-2019-0796, CVE-2019-0836, CVE-2019-0841.",
  "id": "GHSA-f68p-qxcr-hw3p",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:21:36Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:21:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0805"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2019-0805"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46717"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/152537/Microsoft-Windows-LUAFV-Delayed-Virtualization-Cache-Manager-Poisoning-Privilege-Escalation.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-F745-W6JP-HPXX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-22 16:57 – Updated: 2025-08-22 16:57
VLAI
Summary
Picklescan missing detection when calling pytorch function torch.utils.collect_env.run
Details

Summary

Using torch.utils.collect_env.run function, which is a pytorch library function to execute remote pickle file.

Details

The attack payload executes in the following steps:

First, the attacker craft the payload by calling to torch.utils.collect_env.run function in reduce method Then when the victim after checking whether the pickle file is safe by using Picklescan library and this library doesn't dectect any dangerous functions, decide to pickle.load() this malicious pickle file, thus lead to remote code execution.

PoC

import torch.utils.collect_env as collect_env

class EvilTorchUtilsCollectEnvRun:
    def __reduce__(self):
        command = 'touch /tmp/collect_env_run_success'
        return collect_env.run, (command,)

Impact

Who is impacted? Any organization or individual relying on picklescan to detect malicious pickle files inside PyTorch models. What is the impact? Attackers can embed malicious code in pickle file that remains undetected but executes when the pickle file is loaded. Supply Chain Attack: Attackers can distribute infected pickle files across ML models, APIs, or saved Python objects.

Corresponding

https://github.com/FredericDT https://github.com/Qhaoduoyu

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.0.27"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "picklescan"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.0.28"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-345"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-08-22T16:57:49Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nUsing torch.utils.collect_env.run function, which is a pytorch library function to execute remote pickle file.\n\n### Details\n\nThe attack payload executes in the following steps:\n\nFirst, the attacker craft the payload by calling to torch.utils.collect_env.run function in reduce method\nThen when the victim after checking whether the pickle file is safe by using Picklescan library and this library doesn\u0027t dectect any dangerous functions, decide to pickle.load() this malicious pickle file, thus lead to remote code execution.\n\n### PoC\n\n```\nimport torch.utils.collect_env as collect_env\n\nclass EvilTorchUtilsCollectEnvRun:\n    def __reduce__(self):\n        command = \u0027touch /tmp/collect_env_run_success\u0027\n        return collect_env.run, (command,)\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nWho is impacted? Any organization or individual relying on picklescan to detect malicious pickle files inside PyTorch models.\nWhat is the impact? Attackers can embed malicious code in pickle file that remains undetected but executes when the pickle file is loaded.\nSupply Chain Attack: Attackers can distribute infected pickle files across ML models, APIs, or saved Python objects.\n\n### Corresponding\n\nhttps://github.com/FredericDT\nhttps://github.com/Qhaoduoyu",
  "id": "GHSA-f745-w6jp-hpxx",
  "modified": "2025-08-22T16:57:49Z",
  "published": "2025-08-22T16:57:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/security/advisories/GHSA-f745-w6jp-hpxx"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/pull/47"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/commit/7f994d62084fe43f1cffdef2f9bae6923344ef53"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/releases/tag/v0.0.28"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [],
  "summary": "Picklescan missing detection when calling pytorch function torch.utils.collect_env.run"
}

GHSA-F7VX-J8MP-3H2X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-04-13 15:18 – Updated: 2021-03-29 22:11
VLAI
Summary
Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity in Eclipse Theia
Details

In Eclipse Theia versions 0.3.9 through 0.15.0, one of the default pre-packaged Theia extensions is "Mini-Browser", published as "@theia/mini-browser" on npmjs.com. This extension, for its own needs, exposes a HTTP endpoint that allows to read the content of files on the hosts filesystem, given their path, without restrictions on the requesters origin. This design is vulnerable to being exploited remotely through a DNS rebinding attack or a drive-by download of a carefully crafted exploit.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@theia/mini-browser"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.3.9"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.16.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-17636"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-345"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-03-29T22:11:05Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-03-10T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Eclipse Theia versions 0.3.9 through 0.15.0, one of the default pre-packaged Theia extensions is \"Mini-Browser\", published as \"@theia/mini-browser\" on npmjs.com. This extension, for its own needs, exposes a HTTP endpoint that allows to read the content of files on the hosts filesystem, given their path, without restrictions on the requesters origin. This design is vulnerable to being exploited remotely through a DNS rebinding attack or a drive-by download of a carefully crafted exploit.",
  "id": "GHSA-f7vx-j8mp-3h2x",
  "modified": "2021-03-29T22:11:05Z",
  "published": "2021-04-13T15:18:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-17636"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/eclipse-theia/theia/pull/7205"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/eclipse-theia/theia/commit/b212d07f915df1509180944ee3132714bc2636bf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.eclipse.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=551747"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity in Eclipse Theia"
}

No mitigation information available for this CWE.

CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)

An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.

CAPEC-141: Cache Poisoning

An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.

CAPEC-142: DNS Cache Poisoning

A domain name server translates a domain name (such as www.example.com) into an IP address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. An adversary modifies a public DNS cache to cause certain names to resolve to incorrect addresses that the adversary specifies. The result is that client applications that rely upon the targeted cache for domain name resolution will be directed not to the actual address of the specified domain name but to some other address. Adversaries can use this to herd clients to sites that install malware on the victim's computer or to masquerade as part of a Pharming attack.

CAPEC-148: Content Spoofing

An adversary modifies content to make it contain something other than what the original content producer intended while keeping the apparent source of the content unchanged. The term content spoofing is most often used to describe modification of web pages hosted by a target to display the adversary's content instead of the owner's content. However, any content can be spoofed, including the content of email messages, file transfers, or the content of other network communication protocols. Content can be modified at the source (e.g. modifying the source file for a web page) or in transit (e.g. intercepting and modifying a message between the sender and recipient). Usually, the adversary will attempt to hide the fact that the content has been modified, but in some cases, such as with web site defacement, this is not necessary. Content Spoofing can lead to malware exposure, financial fraud (if the content governs financial transactions), privacy violations, and other unwanted outcomes.

CAPEC-218: Spoofing of UDDI/ebXML Messages

An attacker spoofs a UDDI, ebXML, or similar message in order to impersonate a service provider in an e-business transaction. UDDI, ebXML, and similar standards are used to identify businesses in e-business transactions. Among other things, they identify a particular participant, WSDL information for SOAP transactions, and supported communication protocols, including security protocols. By spoofing one of these messages an attacker could impersonate a legitimate business in a transaction or could manipulate the protocols used between a client and business. This could result in disclosure of sensitive information, loss of message integrity, or even financial fraud.

CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.

CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation

An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.

CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.

CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content

An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.

CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.

CAPEC-701: Browser in the Middle (BiTM)

An adversary exploits the inherent functionalities of a web browser, in order to establish an unnoticed remote desktop connection in the victim's browser to the adversary's system. The adversary must deploy a web client with a remote desktop session that the victim can access.