CWE-352
AllowedCross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable
The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.
14167 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-X74C-6F97-QX3G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:18 – Updated: 2023-03-03 03:30In Cacti before 1.2.11, auth_profile.php?action=edit allows CSRF for an admin email change.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-13231"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-05-20T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Cacti before 1.2.11, auth_profile.php?action=edit allows CSRF for an admin email change.",
"id": "GHSA-x74c-6f97-qx3g",
"modified": "2023-03-03T03:30:23Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:18:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-13231"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/issues/3342"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/releases/tag/release%2F1.2.11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ICJMWSY77IIGZYR6FE6NAQZFBO42VECO"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Q3PCDGNELH7HEBIXRNT5J5EWQEXQAU6B"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X74R-HR36-M64W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-20 15:32 – Updated: 2024-08-20 21:30Pligg CMS v2.0.2 was discovered to contain a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability via /admin/admin_backup.php?dobackup=clearall
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-42603"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-20T15:15:21Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Pligg CMS v2.0.2 was discovered to contain a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability via /admin/admin_backup.php?dobackup=clearall",
"id": "GHSA-x74r-hr36-m64w",
"modified": "2024-08-20T21:30:34Z",
"published": "2024-08-20T15:32:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-42603"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jinwu1234567890/cms2/tree/main/10/readme.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X75M-P9G7-873H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-11 18:31 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:57Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in issabel-pbx v.4.0.0-6 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via the delete user grouplist function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-37597"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-11T17:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in issabel-pbx v.4.0.0-6 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via the delete user grouplist function.",
"id": "GHSA-x75m-p9g7-873h",
"modified": "2024-04-04T05:57:08Z",
"published": "2023-07-11T18:31:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37597"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sahiloj/CVE-2023-37597/blob/main/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://reference2.example.com/index.php?menu=grouplist"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X76C-7P22-R2W3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-27 12:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35Missing Authorization vulnerability in FocuxTheme WPKit For Elementor allows Privilege Escalation. This issue affects WPKit For Elementor: from n/a through 1.1.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-32281"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-27T12:15:35Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in FocuxTheme WPKit For Elementor allows Privilege Escalation. This issue affects WPKit For Elementor: from n/a through 1.1.0.",
"id": "GHSA-x76c-7p22-r2w3",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:35Z",
"published": "2025-06-27T12:31:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32281"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/darkmysite/vulnerability/wordpress-darkmysite-advanced-dark-mode-plugin-for-wordpress-plugin-1-2-8-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/wpkit-elementor/vulnerability/wordpress-wpkit-for-elementor-plugin-1-1-0-arbitrary-option-update-to-privilege-escalation-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X775-35GR-XW72
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-29 00:30 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:31Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in ELECOM wireless LAN routers allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to hijack the authentication of administrators and to perform unintended operations to the affected product. Affected products and versions are as follows: WRC-1167GS2-B v1.67 and earlier, WRC-1167GS2H-B v1.67 and earlier, WRC-2533GS2-B v1.62 and earlier, WRC-2533GS2-W v1.62 and earlier, and WRC-2533GS2V-B v1.62 and earlier.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-23910"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-28T23:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in ELECOM wireless LAN routers allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to hijack the authentication of administrators and to perform unintended operations to the affected product. Affected products and versions are as follows: WRC-1167GS2-B v1.67 and earlier, WRC-1167GS2H-B v1.67 and earlier, WRC-2533GS2-B v1.62 and earlier, WRC-2533GS2-W v1.62 and earlier, and WRC-2533GS2V-B v1.62 and earlier.",
"id": "GHSA-x775-35gr-xw72",
"modified": "2024-08-01T15:31:29Z",
"published": "2024-02-29T00:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23910"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN44166658"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.elecom.co.jp/news/security/20240220-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X77R-7M5W-PQQ2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:12 – Updated: 2023-10-27 16:04An extension point in Jenkins allows selectively disabling cross-site request forgery (CSRF) protection for specific URLs. Jenkins Azure AD Plugin implements this extension point for URLs used by a JavaScript component.
In Jenkins Azure AD Plugin 179.vf6841393099e and earlier this implementation is too permissive, allowing attackers to craft URLs that would bypass the CSRF protection of any target URL.
This vulnerability was originally introduced in Azure AD Plugin 164.v5b48baa961d2.
Azure AD Plugin 180.v8b1e80e6f242 no longer allows bypassing CSRF protection for URLs used by the JavaScript component. Instead, that component was reconfigured to pass the expected CSRF token.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 179.vf6841393099e"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:azure-ad"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "180.v8b1e80e6f242"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21679"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352",
"CWE-693"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-15T16:31:38Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-31T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An extension point in Jenkins allows selectively disabling cross-site request forgery (CSRF) protection for specific URLs. Jenkins Azure AD Plugin implements this extension point for URLs used by a JavaScript component.\n\nIn Jenkins Azure AD Plugin 179.vf6841393099e and earlier this implementation is too permissive, allowing attackers to craft URLs that would bypass the CSRF protection of any target URL.\n\nThis vulnerability was originally introduced in Azure AD Plugin 164.v5b48baa961d2.\n\nAzure AD Plugin 180.v8b1e80e6f242 no longer allows bypassing CSRF protection for URLs used by the JavaScript component. Instead, that component was reconfigured to pass the expected CSRF token.",
"id": "GHSA-x77r-7m5w-pqq2",
"modified": "2023-10-27T16:04:06Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:12:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21679"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/azure-ad-plugin/commit/8b1e80e6f242275127ebb177e2a755a2104b4853"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/azure-ad-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2021-08-31/#SECURITY-2470"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/08/31/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Jenkins Azure AD Plugin allows bypassing CSRF protection for any URL"
}
GHSA-X77R-9J3C-W6WJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:53 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:53Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the administrative web interface in the Cisco RV router firmware on RV220W devices, before 1.0.5.9 on RV120W devices, and before 1.0.4.14 on RV180 and RV180W devices allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators, aka Bug ID CSCuh87145.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-2178"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-11-07T11:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the administrative web interface in the Cisco RV router firmware on RV220W devices, before 1.0.5.9 on RV120W devices, and before 1.0.4.14 on RV180 and RV180W devices allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators, aka Bug ID CSCuh87145.",
"id": "GHSA-x77r-9j3c-w6wj",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:53:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:53:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-2178"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/98498"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/128992/Cisco-RV-Overwrite-CSRF-Command-Execution.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2014/Nov/6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20141105-rv"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/533917/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1031171"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X794-3R4J-PG6J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:34 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:34The Rendezvous Routing Daemon (rvrd), Rendezvous Secure Routing Daemon (rvrsd), Rendezvous Secure Daemon (rvsd), Rendezvous Cache (rvcache), and Rendezvous Daemon Manager (rvdm) components of TIBCO Software Inc.'s TIBCO Rendezvous, TIBCO Rendezvous Developer Edition, TIBCO Rendezvous for z/Linux, TIBCO Rendezvous for z/OS, TIBCO Rendezvous Network Server, TIBCO Substation ES contain vulnerabilities which may allow an attacker to perform cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks. Affected releases are TIBCO Software Inc.'s TIBCO Rendezvous: versions up to and including 8.4.5, TIBCO Rendezvous Developer Edition: versions up to and including 8.4.5, TIBCO Rendezvous for z/Linux: versions up to and including 8.4.5, TIBCO Rendezvous for z/OS: versions up to and including 8.4.5, TIBCO Rendezvous Network Server: versions up to and including 1.1.2, and TIBCO Substation ES: versions up to and including 2.12.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-12414"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-06T23:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Rendezvous Routing Daemon (rvrd), Rendezvous Secure Routing Daemon (rvrsd), Rendezvous Secure Daemon (rvsd), Rendezvous Cache (rvcache), and Rendezvous Daemon Manager (rvdm) components of TIBCO Software Inc.\u0027s TIBCO Rendezvous, TIBCO Rendezvous Developer Edition, TIBCO Rendezvous for z/Linux, TIBCO Rendezvous for z/OS, TIBCO Rendezvous Network Server, TIBCO Substation ES contain vulnerabilities which may allow an attacker to perform cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks. Affected releases are TIBCO Software Inc.\u0027s TIBCO Rendezvous: versions up to and including 8.4.5, TIBCO Rendezvous Developer Edition: versions up to and including 8.4.5, TIBCO Rendezvous for z/Linux: versions up to and including 8.4.5, TIBCO Rendezvous for z/OS: versions up to and including 8.4.5, TIBCO Rendezvous Network Server: versions up to and including 1.1.2, and TIBCO Substation ES: versions up to and including 2.12.2.",
"id": "GHSA-x794-3r4j-pg6j",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:34:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:34:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-12414"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tibco.com/support/advisories/2018/11/tibco-security-advisory-november-6-2018-tibco-rendezvous"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105871"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.tibco.com/services/support/advisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X7F9-WCV3-WVPJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-06 00:30 – Updated: 2026-07-06 00:30Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in properfraction CrawlWP SEO allows Cross Site Request Forgery.
This issue affects CrawlWP SEO: from n/a through 3.0.16.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-59520"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-05T22:16:53Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in properfraction CrawlWP SEO allows Cross Site Request Forgery.\n\nThis issue affects CrawlWP SEO: from n/a through 3.0.16.",
"id": "GHSA-x7f9-wcv3-wvpj",
"modified": "2026-07-06T00:30:23Z",
"published": "2026-07-06T00:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-59520"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/mihdan-index-now/vulnerability/wordpress-index-now-plugin-3-0-16-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X7JC-6Q36-2744
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-24 06:31 – Updated: 2024-07-24 06:31The LiteSpeed Cache plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 6.2.0.1. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to update the token setting and inject malicious JavaScript via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-3246"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-24T04:15:04Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The LiteSpeed Cache plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 6.2.0.1. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to update the token setting and inject malicious JavaScript via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.",
"id": "GHSA-x7jc-6q36-2744",
"modified": "2024-07-24T06:31:10Z",
"published": "2024-07-24T06:31:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3246"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3123399/litespeed-cache/trunk/src/cloud.cls.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/8036bd83-9af5-4b71-8974-9b0690ea6769?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
- Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.
Mitigation
Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]
Mitigation
Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.
Mitigation
- Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
- When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
- Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
- This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.
Mitigation
Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing
An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.
CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification
An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.