Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-352

Allowed

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable

The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.

14231 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-235F-RJGH-PHVR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-17 15:34 – Updated: 2025-12-17 15:34
VLAI
Details

CSRF in Ercom Cryptobox administration console allows attacker to trigger some actions on behalf of a Cryptobox administrator. The attack requires the administrator to browse a malicious web site or to click a link while he has an open session on the administration console.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-14266"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-17T14:15:47Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "CSRF in Ercom Cryptobox administration console allows attacker to trigger some actions on behalf of a Cryptobox administrator. The attack requires the administrator to browse a malicious web site or to click a link while he has an open session on the administration console.",
  "id": "GHSA-235f-rjgh-phvr",
  "modified": "2025-12-17T15:34:53Z",
  "published": "2025-12-17T15:34:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14266"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://info.cryptobox.com/doc/v4.39/4.39.en/#fix2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:U/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-236C-RP7G-FQF2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:42 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:42
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the NX-API feature of Cisco NX-OS Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attack on an affected system. This vulnerability is due to insufficient CSRF protections for the NX-API on an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user of the NX-API to follow a malicious link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform arbitrary actions with the privilege level of the affected user. The attacker could view and modify the device configuration. Note: The NX-API feature is disabled by default.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1227"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-02-24T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the NX-API feature of Cisco NX-OS Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attack on an affected system. This vulnerability is due to insufficient CSRF protections for the NX-API on an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user of the NX-API to follow a malicious link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform arbitrary actions with the privilege level of the affected user. The attacker could view and modify the device configuration. Note: The NX-API feature is disabled by default.",
  "id": "GHSA-236c-rp7g-fqf2",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:42:58Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:42:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1227"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-nxos-nxapi-csrf-wRMzWL9z"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-2377-2J75-W5V6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-20 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:50
VLAI
Details

The Coupon Creator plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in versions up to, and including, 3.1. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the save_meta() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to save meta fields via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-36751"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-20T08:15:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Coupon Creator plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in versions up to, and including, 3.1. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the save_meta() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to save meta fields via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.",
  "id": "GHSA-2377-2j75-w5v6",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T08:50:19Z",
  "published": "2023-10-20T09:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-36751"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.nintechnet.com/25-wordpress-plugins-vulnerable-to-csrf-attacks"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.nintechnet.com/more-wordpress-plugins-and-themes-vulnerable-to-csrf-attacks"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.nintechnet.com/multiple-wordpress-plugins-fixed-csrf-vulnerabilities-part-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.nintechnet.com/multiple-wordpress-plugins-fixed-csrf-vulnerabilities-part-2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.nintechnet.com/multiple-wordpress-plugins-fixed-csrf-vulnerabilities-part-3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.nintechnet.com/multiple-wordpress-plugins-fixed-csrf-vulnerabilities-part-4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.nintechnet.com/multiple-wordpress-plugins-fixed-csrf-vulnerabilities-part-5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/2368658/coupon-creator/tags/2.5.2.1/plugin-engine/src/Pngx/Admin/Meta.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/ab57f010-4fd2-40c2-950f-c03888521c8f?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-237Q-6HJP-PCHQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 19:57 – Updated: 2022-11-22 19:04
VLAI
Summary
JBoss KeyCloak is vulnerable to soft token deletion via CSRF
Details

JBoss KeyCloak is vulnerable to soft token deletion via CSRF. This issue is fixed in Keycloak 1.0.2.Final.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.keycloak:keycloak-services"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.0.2.Final"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-3655"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-22T19:04:21Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-11-13T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "JBoss KeyCloak is vulnerable to soft token deletion via CSRF. This issue is fixed in Keycloak 1.0.2.Final.",
  "id": "GHSA-237q-6hjp-pchq",
  "modified": "2022-11-22T19:04:21Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T19:57:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-3655"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/pull/703"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/0b8b31a3ea7d8d7ac8b14a020613fc32aa5e9d9d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2014-3655"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2014-3655"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/victims/victims-cve-db/blob/master/database/java/2014/3655.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-ORGKEYCLOAK-30138"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "JBoss KeyCloak is vulnerable to soft token deletion via CSRF"
}

GHSA-238H-VQ9J-VXXX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-13 06:32 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:31
VLAI
Details

The CM WordPress Search And Replace Plugin WordPress plugin before 1.3.9 does not have CSRF checks in some places, which could allow attackers to make logged in users perform unwanted actions via CSRF attacks

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-5028"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-13T06:15:03Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The CM WordPress Search And Replace Plugin WordPress plugin before 1.3.9 does not have CSRF checks in some places, which could allow attackers to make logged in users perform unwanted actions via CSRF attacks",
  "id": "GHSA-238h-vq9j-vxxx",
  "modified": "2024-08-01T15:31:57Z",
  "published": "2024-07-13T06:32:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5028"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/0bae8494-7b01-4203-a4f7-ccc60efbdda7"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-239F-4376-67R8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-14 09:30 – Updated: 2023-03-16 21:30
VLAI
Details

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Seerox WP Dynamic Keywords Injector plugin <= 2.3.15 versions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-47141"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-14T09:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Seerox WP Dynamic Keywords Injector plugin \u003c= 2.3.15 versions.",
  "id": "GHSA-239f-4376-67r8",
  "modified": "2023-03-16T21:30:16Z",
  "published": "2023-03-14T09:30:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-47141"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wp-dynamic-keywords-injector/wordpress-wp-dynamic-keywords-injector-plugin-2-3-15-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-239J-W696-2RHC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-22 00:30 – Updated: 2025-04-22 00:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in panhainan DS-Java 1.0. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is an unknown function. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-3843"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-21T22:15:15Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in panhainan DS-Java 1.0. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is an unknown function. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
  "id": "GHSA-239j-w696-2rhc",
  "modified": "2025-04-22T00:30:31Z",
  "published": "2025-04-22T00:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3843"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/caigo8/CVE-md/blob/main/DS-Java/CSRF.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.305772"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.305772"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.556136"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-23C4-2WCP-CCR7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:07 – Updated: 2025-04-12 12:51
VLAI
Details

Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in Nibbleblog before 4.0.5 allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that (1) create a post via a new_simple action to admin.php or (2) conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via the content parameter in a new_simple action to admin.php.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-6966"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2015-09-16T14:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in Nibbleblog before 4.0.5 allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that (1) create a post via a new_simple action to admin.php or (2) conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via the content parameter in a new_simple action to admin.php.",
  "id": "GHSA-23c4-2wcp-ccr7",
  "modified": "2025-04-12T12:51:49Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:07:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-6966"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://blog.curesec.com/article/blog/NibbleBlog-403-CSRF-46.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://blog.nibbleblog.com/post/nibbleblog-v4-0-5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2015/Sep/4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-23CF-8696-VMQX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:04 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:04
VLAI
Details

In BEESCMS 4.0, CSRF allows administrators to be added arbitrarily, a related issue to CVE-2018-10266.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-12739"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-07-05T20:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In BEESCMS 4.0, CSRF allows administrators to be added arbitrarily, a related issue to CVE-2018-10266.",
  "id": "GHSA-23cf-8696-vmqx",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T03:04:29Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T03:04:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-12739"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cnblogs.com/v1vvwv/p/9226389.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44952"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-23G5-R56J-RMX3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:56 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:56
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in CP 1604 (All versions), CP 1616 (All versions). The integrated configuration web server of the affected CP devices could allow a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) attack if an unsuspecting user is tricked into accessing a malicious link. Successful exploitation requires user interaction by a legitimate user. A successful attack could allow an attacker to trigger actions via the web interface that the legitimate user is allowed to perform. At the time of advisory publication no public exploitation of this vulnerability was known.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-13810"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-04-17T14:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in CP 1604 (All versions), CP 1616 (All versions). The integrated configuration web server of the affected CP devices could allow a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) attack if an unsuspecting user is tricked into accessing a malicious link. Successful exploitation requires user interaction by a legitimate user. A successful attack could allow an attacker to trigger actions via the web interface that the legitimate user is allowed to perform. At the time of advisory publication no public exploitation of this vulnerability was known.",
  "id": "GHSA-23g5-r56j-rmx3",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T00:56:30Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T00:56:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-13810"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-559174.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
  • For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
  • Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
  • When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
  • Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
  • This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.

Mitigation
Implementation

Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.

CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)

An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.

CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing

An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.

CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification

An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).

CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery

An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.