Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-352

Allowed

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable

The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.

14188 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-9F32-Q5XQ-26JQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:43 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:43
VLAI
Details

Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in user_settings.php in Usercake 2.0.2 and earlier allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that change the (1) administrative password via the passwordc parameter or (2) administrative e-mail address via the email parameter.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-3866"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-05-26T19:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in user_settings.php in Usercake 2.0.2 and earlier allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that change the (1) administrative password via the passwordc parameter or (2) administrative e-mail address via the email parameter.",
  "id": "GHSA-9f32-q5xq-26jq",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T04:43:11Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:43:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-3866"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://research.openflare.org/advisories/OF-2014-11/usercake_csrf.txt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-9F37-GGXM-H6WX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:35 – Updated: 2023-10-27 13:14
VLAI
Summary
CSRF vulnerability in Jenkins Shelve Project Plugin
Details

Jenkins Shelve Project Plugin 3.0 and earlier does not require POST requests for HTTP endpoints, resulting in cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities.

These vulnerabilities allow attackers to shelve, unshelve, or delete a project.

Jenkins Shelve Project Plugin 3.1 requires POST requests for the affected HTTP endpoints.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:shelve-project-plugin"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-2321"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-16T22:26:38Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-12-03T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins Shelve Project Plugin 3.0 and earlier does not require POST requests for HTTP endpoints, resulting in cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities.\n\nThese vulnerabilities allow attackers to shelve, unshelve, or delete a project.\n\nJenkins Shelve Project Plugin 3.1 requires POST requests for the affected HTTP endpoints.",
  "id": "GHSA-9f37-ggxm-h6wx",
  "modified": "2023-10-27T13:14:47Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:35:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-2321"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/shelve-project-plugin/commit/5cb9a4733e9cf37d2e7932928698537b1a9fdaec"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/shelve-project-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2020-12-03/#SECURITY-2108"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/12/03/2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "CSRF vulnerability in Jenkins Shelve Project Plugin"
}

GHSA-9F59-HCQF-JHX4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-27 12:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34
VLAI
Details

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Nitin Prakash Product Author for WooCommerce allows Cross Site Request Forgery. This issue affects Product Author for WooCommerce: from n/a through 1.0.7.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30872"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-27T11:15:48Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Nitin Prakash Product Author for WooCommerce allows Cross Site Request Forgery. This issue affects Product Author for WooCommerce: from n/a through 1.0.7.",
  "id": "GHSA-9f59-hcqf-jhx4",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:08Z",
  "published": "2025-03-27T12:30:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30872"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/wc-product-author/vulnerability/wordpress-product-author-for-woocommerce-plugin-1-0-7-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9F5G-RGCR-8GRW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-29 15:30 – Updated: 2023-11-29 21:32
VLAI
Summary
Jenkins MATLAB Plugin cross-site request forgery vulnerability
Details

Jenkins MATLAB Plugin determines whether a user-specified directory on the Jenkins controller is the location of a MATLAB installation by parsing an XML file in that directory.

MATLAB Plugin 2.11.0 and earlier does not perform permission checks in several HTTP endpoints implementing related form validation.

Additionally, these HTTP endpoints do not require POST requests, resulting in a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability.

Additionally, the plugin does not configure its XML parser to prevent XML external entity (XXE) attacks. This allows attackers able to create files on the Jenkins controller file system to have Jenkins parse a crafted XML document that uses external entities for extraction of secrets from the Jenkins controller or server-side request forgery.

MATLAB Plugin 2.11.1 configures its XML parser to prevent XML external entity (XXE) attacks.

Additionally, POST requests and Item/Configure permission are required for the affected HTTP endpoints.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:matlab"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.11.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-49655"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-11-29T21:32:03Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-11-29T14:15:07Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins MATLAB Plugin determines whether a user-specified directory on the Jenkins controller is the location of a MATLAB installation by parsing an XML file in that directory.\n\nMATLAB Plugin 2.11.0 and earlier does not perform permission checks in several HTTP endpoints implementing related form validation.\n\nAdditionally, these HTTP endpoints do not require POST requests, resulting in a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability.\n\nAdditionally, the plugin does not configure its XML parser to prevent XML external entity (XXE) attacks. This allows attackers able to create files on the Jenkins controller file system to have Jenkins parse a crafted XML document that uses external entities for extraction of secrets from the Jenkins controller or server-side request forgery.\n\nMATLAB Plugin 2.11.1 configures its XML parser to prevent XML external entity (XXE) attacks.\n\nAdditionally, POST requests and Item/Configure permission are required for the affected HTTP endpoints.",
  "id": "GHSA-9f5g-rgcr-8grw",
  "modified": "2023-11-29T21:32:03Z",
  "published": "2023-11-29T15:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49655"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2023-11-29/#SECURITY-3193"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/11/29/1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Jenkins MATLAB Plugin cross-site request forgery vulnerability"
}

GHSA-9F75-W796-8RF8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-15 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:33
VLAI
Details

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in silverplugins217 Build Private Store For Woocommerce allows Cross Site Request Forgery.This issue affects Build Private Store For Woocommerce: from n/a through 1.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-22731"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-15T16:15:35Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in silverplugins217 Build Private Store For Woocommerce allows Cross Site Request Forgery.This issue affects Build Private Store For Woocommerce: from n/a through 1.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-9f75-w796-8rf8",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:33:07Z",
  "published": "2025-01-15T18:30:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22731"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/build-private-store-for-woocommerce/vulnerability/wordpress-build-private-store-for-woocommerce-plugin-1-0-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9F8F-9F47-79FM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-06 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:22
VLAI
Details

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in CodePeople CP Blocks plugin <= 1.0.20 versions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-41732"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-06T15:15:14Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in CodePeople CP Blocks plugin \u003c=\u00a01.0.20 versions.",
  "id": "GHSA-9f8f-9f47-79fm",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T08:22:50Z",
  "published": "2023-10-06T15:30:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41732"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/cp-blocks/wordpress-cp-blocks-plugin-1-0-20-csrf-leading-to-plugin-settings-change-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9FC7-RHQ3-WM7X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:48 – Updated: 2023-11-07 21:16
VLAI
Summary
Apache Jackrabbit Authentication Hijacking Vulnerability
Details

Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the CSRF content-type check in Jackrabbit-Webdav in Apache Jackrabbit 2.4.x before 2.4.6, 2.6.x before 2.6.6, 2.8.x before 2.8.3, 2.10.x before 2.10.4, 2.12.x before 2.12.4, and 2.13.x before 2.13.3 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of unspecified victims for requests that create a resource via an HTTP POST request with a (1) missing or (2) crafted Content-Type header.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.jackrabbit:jackrabbit-webdav"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.4.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.4.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.jackrabbit:jackrabbit-webdav"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.6.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.6.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.jackrabbit:jackrabbit-webdav"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.8.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.8.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.jackrabbit:jackrabbit-webdav"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.10.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.10.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.jackrabbit:jackrabbit-webdav"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.12.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.12.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.jackrabbit:jackrabbit-webdav"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.13.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.13.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-6801"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-31T22:54:02Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-09-21T14:25:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the CSRF content-type check in Jackrabbit-Webdav in Apache Jackrabbit 2.4.x before 2.4.6, 2.6.x before 2.6.6, 2.8.x before 2.8.3, 2.10.x before 2.10.4, 2.12.x before 2.12.4, and 2.13.x before 2.13.3 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of unspecified victims for requests that create a resource via an HTTP POST request with a (1) missing or (2) crafted Content-Type header.",
  "id": "GHSA-9fc7-rhq3-wm7x",
  "modified": "2023-11-07T21:16:23Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T03:48:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6801"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/jackrabbit/commit/16f2f02fcaef6202a2bf24c449d4fd10eb98f08d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/jackrabbit/commit/ea75d7c2aeaafecd9ab97736bf81c5616f703244"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/jackrabbit/commit/eae001a54aae9c243ac06b5c8f711b2cb2038700"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/jackrabbit"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/JCR-4009"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20210123170657/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92966"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3679"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/14/6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Apache Jackrabbit Authentication Hijacking Vulnerability"
}

GHSA-9FCR-J456-QXXG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-14 06:34 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:45
VLAI
Details

The AZAN Plugin WordPress plugin through 0.6 does not have CSRF check in some places, and is missing sanitisation as well as escaping, which could allow attackers to make logged in admin add Stored XSS payloads via a CSRF attack

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-3993"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-14T06:15:12Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The AZAN Plugin WordPress plugin through 0.6 does not have CSRF check in some places, and is missing sanitisation as well as escaping, which could allow attackers to make logged in admin add Stored XSS payloads via a CSRF attack",
  "id": "GHSA-9fcr-j456-qxxg",
  "modified": "2024-07-03T18:45:17Z",
  "published": "2024-06-14T06:34:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3993"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/19cd60dd-8599-4af3-99db-c42de504606c"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9FCV-79VJ-HRF3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-16 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:32
VLAI
Details

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Ruben Garza, Jr. GitSync allows Code Injection.This issue affects GitSync: from n/a through 1.1.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-54368"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-16T15:15:10Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Ruben Garza, Jr. GitSync allows Code Injection.This issue affects GitSync: from n/a through 1.1.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-9fcv-79vj-hrf3",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:32:49Z",
  "published": "2024-12-16T15:31:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-54368"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/git-sync/vulnerability/wordpress-gitsync-plugin-1-1-0-csrf-to-remote-code-execution-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9FHM-63V7-PP72

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-11-20 00:00 – Updated: 2021-11-20 00:00
VLAI
Details

The Easy Registration Forms WordPress plugin is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery due to missing nonce validation via the ajax_add_form function found in the ~/includes/class-form.php file which made it possible for attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts in versions up to, and including 2.1.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-39353"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-11-19T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Easy Registration Forms WordPress plugin is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery due to missing nonce validation via the ajax_add_form function found in the ~/includes/class-form.php file which made it possible for attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts in versions up to, and including 2.1.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-9fhm-63v7-pp72",
  "modified": "2021-11-20T00:00:54Z",
  "published": "2021-11-20T00:00:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39353"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/easy-registration-forms/tags/2.1.1/includes/class-form.php#L256"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/vulnerability-advisories/#CVE-2021-39353"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
  • For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
  • Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
  • When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
  • Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
  • This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.

Mitigation
Implementation

Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.

CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)

An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.

CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing

An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.

CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification

An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).

CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery

An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.