Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-416

Allowed

Use After Free

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Stable

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory "belongs" to the code that operates on the new pointer.

9843 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-V45V-87MP-6QRC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-16 15:32 – Updated: 2026-05-12 15:31
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

HID: asus: fix UAF via HID_CLAIMED_INPUT validation

After hid_hw_start() is called hidinput_connect() will eventually be called to set up the device with the input layer since the HID_CONNECT_DEFAULT connect mask is used. During hidinput_connect() all input and output reports are processed and corresponding hid_inputs are allocated and configured via hidinput_configure_usages(). This process involves slot tagging report fields and configuring usages by setting relevant bits in the capability bitmaps. However it is possible that the capability bitmaps are not set at all leading to the subsequent hidinput_has_been_populated() check to fail leading to the freeing of the hid_input and the underlying input device.

This becomes problematic because a malicious HID device like a ASUS ROG N-Key keyboard can trigger the above scenario via a specially crafted descriptor which then leads to a user-after-free when the name of the freed input device is written to later on after hid_hw_start(). Below, report 93 intentionally utilises the HID_UP_UNDEFINED Usage Page which is skipped during usage configuration, leading to the frees.

0x05, 0x0D, // Usage Page (Digitizer) 0x09, 0x05, // Usage (Touch Pad) 0xA1, 0x01, // Collection (Application) 0x85, 0x0D, // Report ID (13) 0x06, 0x00, 0xFF, // Usage Page (Vendor Defined 0xFF00) 0x09, 0xC5, // Usage (0xC5) 0x15, 0x00, // Logical Minimum (0) 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, // Logical Maximum (255) 0x75, 0x08, // Report Size (8) 0x95, 0x04, // Report Count (4) 0xB1, 0x02, // Feature (Data,Var,Abs) 0x85, 0x5D, // Report ID (93) 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, // Usage Page (Undefined) 0x09, 0x01, // Usage (0x01) 0x15, 0x00, // Logical Minimum (0) 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, // Logical Maximum (255) 0x75, 0x08, // Report Size (8) 0x95, 0x1B, // Report Count (27) 0x81, 0x02, // Input (Data,Var,Abs) 0xC0, // End Collection

Below is the KASAN splat after triggering the UAF:

[ 21.672709] ================================================================== [ 21.673700] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in asus_probe+0xeeb/0xf80 [ 21.673700] Write of size 8 at addr ffff88810a0ac000 by task kworker/1:2/54 [ 21.673700] [ 21.673700] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 54 Comm: kworker/1:2 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc4-g9773391cf4dd-dirty #36 PREEMPT(voluntary) [ 21.673700] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.2-debian-1.16.2-1 04/01/2014 [ 21.673700] Call Trace: [ 21.673700] [ 21.673700] dump_stack_lvl+0x5f/0x80 [ 21.673700] print_report+0xd1/0x660 [ 21.673700] kasan_report+0xe5/0x120 [ 21.673700] __asan_report_store8_noabort+0x1b/0x30 [ 21.673700] asus_probe+0xeeb/0xf80 [ 21.673700] hid_device_probe+0x2ee/0x700 [ 21.673700] really_probe+0x1c6/0x6b0 [ 21.673700] __driver_probe_device+0x24f/0x310 [ 21.673700] driver_probe_device+0x4e/0x220 [...] [ 21.673700] [ 21.673700] Allocated by task 54: [ 21.673700] kasan_save_stack+0x3d/0x60 [ 21.673700] kasan_save_track+0x18/0x40 [ 21.673700] kasan_save_alloc_info+0x3b/0x50 [ 21.673700] __kasan_kmalloc+0x9c/0xa0 [ 21.673700] __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x139/0x340 [ 21.673700] input_allocate_device+0x44/0x370 [ 21.673700] hidinput_connect+0xcb6/0x2630 [ 21.673700] hid_connect+0xf74/0x1d60 [ 21.673700] hid_hw_start+0x8c/0x110 [ 21.673700] asus_probe+0x5a3/0xf80 [ 21.673700] hid_device_probe+0x2ee/0x700 [ 21.673700] really_probe+0x1c6/0x6b0 [ 21.673700] __driver_probe_device+0x24f/0x310 [ 21.673700] driver_probe_device+0x4e/0x220 [...] [ 21.673700] [ 21.673700] Freed by task 54: [ 21.673700] kasan_save_stack+0x3d/0x60 [ 21.673700] kasan_save_track+0x18/0x40 [ 21.673700] kasan_save_free_info+0x3f/0x60 [ 21.673700] __kasan_slab_free+0x3c/0x50 [ 21.673700] kfre ---truncated---

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-39824"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-16T13:16:01Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nHID: asus: fix UAF via HID_CLAIMED_INPUT validation\n\nAfter hid_hw_start() is called hidinput_connect() will eventually be\ncalled to set up the device with the input layer since the\nHID_CONNECT_DEFAULT connect mask is used. During hidinput_connect()\nall input and output reports are processed and corresponding hid_inputs\nare allocated and configured via hidinput_configure_usages(). This\nprocess involves slot tagging report fields and configuring usages\nby setting relevant bits in the capability bitmaps. However it is possible\nthat the capability bitmaps are not set at all leading to the subsequent\nhidinput_has_been_populated() check to fail leading to the freeing of the\nhid_input and the underlying input device.\n\nThis becomes problematic because a malicious HID device like a\nASUS ROG N-Key keyboard can trigger the above scenario via a\nspecially crafted descriptor which then leads to a user-after-free\nwhen the name of the freed input device is written to later on after\nhid_hw_start(). Below, report 93 intentionally utilises the\nHID_UP_UNDEFINED Usage Page which is skipped during usage\nconfiguration, leading to the frees.\n\n0x05, 0x0D,        // Usage Page (Digitizer)\n0x09, 0x05,        // Usage (Touch Pad)\n0xA1, 0x01,        // Collection (Application)\n0x85, 0x0D,        //   Report ID (13)\n0x06, 0x00, 0xFF,  //   Usage Page (Vendor Defined 0xFF00)\n0x09, 0xC5,        //   Usage (0xC5)\n0x15, 0x00,        //   Logical Minimum (0)\n0x26, 0xFF, 0x00,  //   Logical Maximum (255)\n0x75, 0x08,        //   Report Size (8)\n0x95, 0x04,        //   Report Count (4)\n0xB1, 0x02,        //   Feature (Data,Var,Abs)\n0x85, 0x5D,        //   Report ID (93)\n0x06, 0x00, 0x00,  //   Usage Page (Undefined)\n0x09, 0x01,        //   Usage (0x01)\n0x15, 0x00,        //   Logical Minimum (0)\n0x26, 0xFF, 0x00,  //   Logical Maximum (255)\n0x75, 0x08,        //   Report Size (8)\n0x95, 0x1B,        //   Report Count (27)\n0x81, 0x02,        //   Input (Data,Var,Abs)\n0xC0,              // End Collection\n\nBelow is the KASAN splat after triggering the UAF:\n\n[   21.672709] ==================================================================\n[   21.673700] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in asus_probe+0xeeb/0xf80\n[   21.673700] Write of size 8 at addr ffff88810a0ac000 by task kworker/1:2/54\n[   21.673700]\n[   21.673700] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 54 Comm: kworker/1:2 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc4-g9773391cf4dd-dirty #36 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n[   21.673700] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.2-debian-1.16.2-1 04/01/2014\n[   21.673700] Call Trace:\n[   21.673700]  \u003cTASK\u003e\n[   21.673700]  dump_stack_lvl+0x5f/0x80\n[   21.673700]  print_report+0xd1/0x660\n[   21.673700]  kasan_report+0xe5/0x120\n[   21.673700]  __asan_report_store8_noabort+0x1b/0x30\n[   21.673700]  asus_probe+0xeeb/0xf80\n[   21.673700]  hid_device_probe+0x2ee/0x700\n[   21.673700]  really_probe+0x1c6/0x6b0\n[   21.673700]  __driver_probe_device+0x24f/0x310\n[   21.673700]  driver_probe_device+0x4e/0x220\n[...]\n[   21.673700]\n[   21.673700] Allocated by task 54:\n[   21.673700]  kasan_save_stack+0x3d/0x60\n[   21.673700]  kasan_save_track+0x18/0x40\n[   21.673700]  kasan_save_alloc_info+0x3b/0x50\n[   21.673700]  __kasan_kmalloc+0x9c/0xa0\n[   21.673700]  __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x139/0x340\n[   21.673700]  input_allocate_device+0x44/0x370\n[   21.673700]  hidinput_connect+0xcb6/0x2630\n[   21.673700]  hid_connect+0xf74/0x1d60\n[   21.673700]  hid_hw_start+0x8c/0x110\n[   21.673700]  asus_probe+0x5a3/0xf80\n[   21.673700]  hid_device_probe+0x2ee/0x700\n[   21.673700]  really_probe+0x1c6/0x6b0\n[   21.673700]  __driver_probe_device+0x24f/0x310\n[   21.673700]  driver_probe_device+0x4e/0x220\n[...]\n[   21.673700]\n[   21.673700] Freed by task 54:\n[   21.673700]  kasan_save_stack+0x3d/0x60\n[   21.673700]  kasan_save_track+0x18/0x40\n[   21.673700]  kasan_save_free_info+0x3f/0x60\n[   21.673700]  __kasan_slab_free+0x3c/0x50\n[   21.673700]  kfre\n---truncated---",
  "id": "GHSA-v45v-87mp-6qrc",
  "modified": "2026-05-12T15:31:08Z",
  "published": "2025-09-16T15:32:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39824"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5f3c0839b173f7f33415eb098331879e547d1d2d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7170122e2ae4ab378c9cdf7cc54dea8b0abbbca5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/72a4ec018c9e9bc52f4f80eb3afb5d6a6b752275"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9a9e4a8317437bf944fa017c66e1e23a0368b5c7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a8ca8fe7f516d27ece3afb995c3bd4d07dcbe62c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c0d77e3441a92d0b4958193c9ac1c3f81c6f1d1c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d3af6ca9a8c34bbd8cff32b469b84c9021c9e7e4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eaae728e7335b5dbad70966e2bd520a731fdf7b2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V46C-RCR5-CW3J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-01 15:31 – Updated: 2025-11-04 18:31
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/nouveau: prime: fix ttm_bo_delayed_delete oops

Fix an oops in ttm_bo_delayed_delete which results from dererencing a dangling pointer:

Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0x6b6b6b6b6b6b6b7b: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP CPU: 4 UID: 0 PID: 1082 Comm: kworker/u65:2 Not tainted 6.14.0-rc4-00267-g505460b44513-dirty #216 Hardware name: LENOVO 82N6/LNVNB161216, BIOS GKCN65WW 01/16/2024 Workqueue: ttm ttm_bo_delayed_delete [ttm] RIP: 0010:dma_resv_iter_first_unlocked+0x55/0x290 Code: 31 f6 48 c7 c7 00 2b fa aa e8 97 bd 52 ff e8 a2 c1 53 00 5a 85 c0 74 48 e9 88 01 00 00 4c 89 63 20 4d 85 e4 0f 84 30 01 00 00 <41> 8b 44 24 10 c6 43 2c 01 48 89 df 89 43 28 e8 97 fd ff ff 4c 8b RSP: 0018:ffffbf9383473d60 EFLAGS: 00010202 RAX: 0000000000000001 RBX: ffffbf9383473d88 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000 RBP: ffffbf9383473d78 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 6b6b6b6b6b6b6b6b R13: ffffa003bbf78580 R14: ffffa003a6728040 R15: 00000000000383cc FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffffa00991c00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000758348024dd0 CR3: 000000012c259000 CR4: 0000000000f50ef0 PKRU: 55555554 Call Trace: ? __die_body.cold+0x19/0x26 ? die_addr+0x3d/0x70 ? exc_general_protection+0x159/0x460 ? asm_exc_general_protection+0x27/0x30 ? dma_resv_iter_first_unlocked+0x55/0x290 dma_resv_wait_timeout+0x56/0x100 ttm_bo_delayed_delete+0x69/0xb0 [ttm] process_one_work+0x217/0x5c0 worker_thread+0x1c8/0x3d0 ? apply_wqattrs_cleanup.part.0+0xc0/0xc0 kthread+0x10b/0x240 ? kthreads_online_cpu+0x140/0x140 ret_from_fork+0x40/0x70 ? kthreads_online_cpu+0x140/0x140 ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20

The cause of this is:

  • drm_prime_gem_destroy calls dma_buf_put(dma_buf) which releases the reference to the shared dma_buf. The reference count is 0, so the dma_buf is destroyed, which in turn decrements the corresponding amdgpu_bo reference count to 0, and the amdgpu_bo is destroyed - calling drm_gem_object_release then dma_resv_fini (which destroys the reservation object), then finally freeing the amdgpu_bo.

  • nouveau_bo obj->bo.base.resv is now a dangling pointer to the memory formerly allocated to the amdgpu_bo.

  • nouveau_gem_object_del calls ttm_bo_put(&nvbo->bo) which calls ttm_bo_release, which schedules ttm_bo_delayed_delete.

  • ttm_bo_delayed_delete runs and dereferences the dangling resv pointer, resulting in a general protection fault.

Fix this by moving the drm_prime_gem_destroy call from nouveau_gem_object_del to nouveau_bo_del_ttm. This ensures that it will be run after ttm_bo_delayed_delete.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-37765"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-01T14:15:39Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/nouveau: prime: fix ttm_bo_delayed_delete oops\n\nFix an oops in ttm_bo_delayed_delete which results from dererencing a\ndangling pointer:\n\nOops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0x6b6b6b6b6b6b6b7b: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP\nCPU: 4 UID: 0 PID: 1082 Comm: kworker/u65:2 Not tainted 6.14.0-rc4-00267-g505460b44513-dirty #216\nHardware name: LENOVO 82N6/LNVNB161216, BIOS GKCN65WW 01/16/2024\nWorkqueue: ttm ttm_bo_delayed_delete [ttm]\nRIP: 0010:dma_resv_iter_first_unlocked+0x55/0x290\nCode: 31 f6 48 c7 c7 00 2b fa aa e8 97 bd 52 ff e8 a2 c1 53 00 5a 85 c0 74 48 e9 88 01 00 00 4c 89 63 20 4d 85 e4 0f 84 30 01 00 00 \u003c41\u003e 8b 44 24 10 c6 43 2c 01 48 89 df 89 43 28 e8 97 fd ff ff 4c 8b\nRSP: 0018:ffffbf9383473d60 EFLAGS: 00010202\nRAX: 0000000000000001 RBX: ffffbf9383473d88 RCX: 0000000000000000\nRDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000\nRBP: ffffbf9383473d78 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000\nR10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 6b6b6b6b6b6b6b6b\nR13: ffffa003bbf78580 R14: ffffa003a6728040 R15: 00000000000383cc\nFS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffffa00991c00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\nCS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\nCR2: 0000758348024dd0 CR3: 000000012c259000 CR4: 0000000000f50ef0\nPKRU: 55555554\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n ? __die_body.cold+0x19/0x26\n ? die_addr+0x3d/0x70\n ? exc_general_protection+0x159/0x460\n ? asm_exc_general_protection+0x27/0x30\n ? dma_resv_iter_first_unlocked+0x55/0x290\n dma_resv_wait_timeout+0x56/0x100\n ttm_bo_delayed_delete+0x69/0xb0 [ttm]\n process_one_work+0x217/0x5c0\n worker_thread+0x1c8/0x3d0\n ? apply_wqattrs_cleanup.part.0+0xc0/0xc0\n kthread+0x10b/0x240\n ? kthreads_online_cpu+0x140/0x140\n ret_from_fork+0x40/0x70\n ? kthreads_online_cpu+0x140/0x140\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\nThe cause of this is:\n\n- drm_prime_gem_destroy calls dma_buf_put(dma_buf) which releases the\n  reference to the shared dma_buf. The reference count is 0, so the\n  dma_buf is destroyed, which in turn decrements the corresponding\n  amdgpu_bo reference count to 0, and the amdgpu_bo is destroyed -\n  calling drm_gem_object_release then dma_resv_fini (which destroys the\n  reservation object), then finally freeing the amdgpu_bo.\n\n- nouveau_bo obj-\u003ebo.base.resv is now a dangling pointer to the memory\n  formerly allocated to the amdgpu_bo.\n\n- nouveau_gem_object_del calls ttm_bo_put(\u0026nvbo-\u003ebo) which calls\n  ttm_bo_release, which schedules ttm_bo_delayed_delete.\n\n- ttm_bo_delayed_delete runs and dereferences the dangling resv pointer,\n  resulting in a general protection fault.\n\nFix this by moving the drm_prime_gem_destroy call from\nnouveau_gem_object_del to nouveau_bo_del_ttm. This ensures that it will\nbe run after ttm_bo_delayed_delete.",
  "id": "GHSA-v46c-rcr5-cw3j",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T18:31:33Z",
  "published": "2025-05-01T15:31:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-37765"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/12b038d521c75e3521522503becf3bc162628469"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/31e94c7989572f96926673614a3b958915a13ca9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/47761deabb69a5df0c2c4ec400d80bb3e072bd2e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6b95947ee780f4e1fb26413a1437d05bcb99712b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6e2c805996a49998d31ac522beb1534ca417e761"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/706868a1a1072cffd8bd63f7e161d79141099849"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8ec0fbb28d049273bfd4f1e7a5ae4c74884beed3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ada78110b2d3ec88b398a49703bd336d4cee7a08"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V47V-QFFW-4H98

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-04 06:30 – Updated: 2025-03-04 06:30
VLAI
Details

in OpenHarmony v5.0.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker arbitrary code execution in pre-installed apps through use after free. This vulnerability can be exploited only in restricted scenarios.

Severity
3.8 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-23414"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-04T04:15:15Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "in OpenHarmony v5.0.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker arbitrary code execution in pre-installed apps through use after free. This vulnerability can be exploited only in restricted scenarios.",
  "id": "GHSA-v47v-qffw-4h98",
  "modified": "2025-03-04T06:30:34Z",
  "published": "2025-03-04T06:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-23414"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitee.com/openharmony/security/blob/master/zh/security-disclosure/2025/2025-03.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V49W-C8RR-G8J2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-22 21:32 – Updated: 2024-11-22 21:32
VLAI
Details

Trimble SketchUp Viewer SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Trimble SketchUp Viewer. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of SKP files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24108.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-9724"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-22T21:15:25Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Trimble SketchUp Viewer SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Trimble SketchUp Viewer. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of SKP files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24108.",
  "id": "GHSA-v49w-c8rr-g8j2",
  "modified": "2024-11-22T21:32:20Z",
  "published": "2024-11-22T21:32:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9724"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1479"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4C4-Q9W7-M653

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-29 00:38 – Updated: 2026-05-29 12:31
VLAI
Details

Use after free in Network in Google Chrome prior to 148.0.7778.216 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-9992"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-28T23:16:57Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Use after free in Network in Google Chrome prior to 148.0.7778.216 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
  "id": "GHSA-v4c4-q9w7-m653",
  "modified": "2026-05-29T12:31:25Z",
  "published": "2026-05-29T00:38:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9992"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0877304591.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/513177826"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4CP-H94R-M7XF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-09-20 19:54 – Updated: 2024-11-19 18:00
VLAI
Summary
Use after free passing `externref`s to Wasm in Wasmtime
Details

Impact

There was a use-after-free bug when passing externrefs from the host to guest Wasm content.

To trigger the bug, you have to explicitly pass multiple externrefs from the host to a Wasm instance at the same time, either by

  • passing multiple externrefs as arguments from host code to a Wasm function,
  • or returning multiple externrefs to Wasm from a multi-value return function defined in the host.

If you do not have host code that matches one of these shapes, then you are not impacted.

If Wasmtime's VMExternRefActivationsTable became filled to capacity after passing the first externref in, then passing in the second externref could trigger a garbage collection. However the first externref is not rooted until we pass control to Wasm, and therefore could be reclaimed by the collector if nothing else was holding a reference to it or otherwise keeping it alive. Then, when control was passed to Wasm after the garbage collection, Wasm could use the first externref, which at this point has already been freed.

We have reason to believe that the effective impact of this bug is relatively small because usage of externref is currently quite rare.

Patches

The bug has been fixed, and users should upgrade to Wasmtime 0.30.0.

Additionally, we have updated our primary externref fuzz target such that it better exercises these code paths and we can have greater confidence in their correctness going forward.

Workarounds

If you cannot upgrade Wasmtime yet, you can avoid the bug by disabling reference types support in Wasmtime by passing false to wasmtime::Config::wasm_reference_types.

References

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "wasmtime"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.30.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "wasmtime"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.30.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-39216"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-09-17T20:05:21Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-09-17T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nThere was a use-after-free bug when passing `externref`s from the host to guest Wasm content.\n\nTo trigger the bug, you have to explicitly pass multiple `externref`s from the host to a Wasm instance at the same time, either by\n\n* passing multiple `externref`s as arguments from host code to a Wasm function,\n* or returning multiple `externref`s to Wasm from a multi-value return function defined in the host.\n \nIf you do not have host code that matches one of these shapes, then you are not impacted.\n\nIf Wasmtime\u0027s [`VMExternRefActivationsTable`](https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/blob/37c094faf53f1b356aab3c79d451395e4f7edb34/crates/runtime/src/externref.rs#L493) became filled to capacity after passing the first `externref` in, then passing in the second `externref` could trigger a garbage collection. However the first `externref` is not rooted until we pass control to Wasm, and therefore could be reclaimed by the collector if nothing else was holding a reference to it or otherwise keeping it alive. Then, when control was passed to Wasm after the garbage collection, Wasm could use the first `externref`, which at this point has already been freed.\n\nWe have reason to believe that the effective impact of this bug is relatively small because usage of `externref` is currently quite rare.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe bug has been fixed, and users should upgrade to Wasmtime 0.30.0.\n\nAdditionally, we have updated [our primary `externref` fuzz target](https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/blob/37c094faf53f1b356aab3c79d451395e4f7edb34/fuzz/fuzz_targets/table_ops.rs) such that it better exercises these code paths and we can have greater confidence in their correctness going forward.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf you cannot upgrade Wasmtime yet, you can avoid the bug by disabling reference types support in Wasmtime by passing `false` to [`wasmtime::Config::wasm_reference_types`](https://docs.rs/wasmtime/0.29.0/wasmtime/struct.Config.html#method.wasm_reference_types).\n\n### References\n\n* [The reference types Wasm proposal, which introduces `externref`](https://github.com/WebAssembly/reference-types/)\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n\n* Reach out to us on [the Bytecode Alliance Zulip chat](https://bytecodealliance.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/217126-wasmtime)\n* Open an issue in [the `bytecodealliance/wasmtime` repository](https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/)",
  "id": "GHSA-v4cp-h94r-m7xf",
  "modified": "2024-11-19T18:00:37Z",
  "published": "2021-09-20T19:54:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/security/advisories/GHSA-v4cp-h94r-m7xf"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39216"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/commit/101998733b74624cbd348a2366d05760b40181f3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://crates.io/crates/wasmtime"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime-py/compare/0.29.0...0.30.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/wasmtime/PYSEC-2021-320.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WAVBRYDDUIY2ZR3K3FO4BVYJKIMJ5TP7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Z2Z33FTXFQ6EOINVEQIP4DFBG53G5XIY"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2021-0110.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Use after free passing `externref`s to Wasm in Wasmtime"
}

GHSA-V4CX-83WH-93GR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:04 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:04
VLAI
Details

Use after free in WebAudio in Google Chrome prior to 91.0.4472.77 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.

Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-30522"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-06-07T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Use after free in WebAudio in Google Chrome prior to 91.0.4472.77 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4cx-83wh-93gr",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:04:12Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:04:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-30522"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2021/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_25.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://crbug.com/1176218"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ETMZL6IHCTCTREEL434BQ4THQ7EOHJ43"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PAT6EOXVQFE6JFMFQF4IKAOUQSHMHL54"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202107-06"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2021-1251"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-V4F3-8WWC-J9X2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 18:32 – Updated: 2025-05-29 15:31
VLAI
Details

Windows Line Printer Daemon (LPD) Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-21224"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T18:15:34Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Windows Line Printer Daemon (LPD) Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
  "id": "GHSA-v4f3-8wwc-j9x2",
  "modified": "2025-05-29T15:31:06Z",
  "published": "2025-01-14T18:32:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21224"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21224"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-21224-remote-code-execution-vulnerability-in-windows-line-printer-daemon-service-detection-script"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-21224-remote-code-execution-vulnerability-in-windows-line-printer-daemon-service-mitigation-script"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4F8-2847-RWM7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2023-07-10 13:02
VLAI
Summary
Nokogiri Implements libxml2 version vulnerable to use-after-free
Details

There's a flaw in libxml2 in versions before 2.9.11. An attacker who is able to submit a crafted file to be processed by an application linked with libxml2 could trigger a use-after-free. The greatest impact from this flaw is to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "nokogiri"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.11.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-3518"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-05T21:16:34Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-05-18T12:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "There\u0027s a flaw in libxml2 in versions before 2.9.11. An attacker who is able to submit a crafted file to be processed by an application linked with libxml2 could trigger a use-after-free. The greatest impact from this flaw is to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4f8-2847-rwm7",
  "modified": "2023-07-10T13:02:34Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:02:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3518"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2022.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT212605"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT212604"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT212602"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT212601"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210625-0002"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202107-05"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nokogiri.org/CHANGELOG.html#1114-2021-05-14"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QVM4UJ3376I6ZVOYMHBNX4GY3NIV52WV"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BZOMV5J4PMZAORVT64BKLV6YIZAFDGX6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00008.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rf4c02775860db415b4955778a131c2795223f61cb8c6a450893651e4@%3Cissues.bookkeeper.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r58af02e294bd07f487e2c64ffc0a29b837db5600e33b6e698b9d696b@%3Cissues.bookkeeper.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/blob/2edbbef95f1dc12c1ddc5ebda71b9159026245fe/CHANGELOG.md?plain=1#L722"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/nokogiri/CVE-2021-3518.yml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1954242"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Jul/54"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Jul/55"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Jul/58"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Jul/59"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Nokogiri Implements libxml2 version vulnerable to use-after-free"
}

GHSA-V4G5-82WJ-3J9W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:52 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:52
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. iOS before 11.4 is affected. Safari before 11.1.1 is affected. iCloud before 7.5 on Windows is affected. iTunes before 12.7.5 on Windows is affected. tvOS before 11.4 is affected. watchOS before 4.3.1 is affected. The issue involves the "WebKit" component. It allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site that triggers an @generatorState use-after-free.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-4218"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-06-08T18:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. iOS before 11.4 is affected. Safari before 11.1.1 is affected. iCloud before 7.5 on Windows is affected. iTunes before 12.7.5 on Windows is affected. tvOS before 11.4 is affected. watchOS before 4.3.1 is affected. The issue involves the \"WebKit\" component. It allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site that triggers an @generatorState use-after-free.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4g5-82wj-3j9w",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:52:39Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:52:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-4218"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=1553"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201808-04"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208848"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208850"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208851"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208852"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208853"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208854"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3687-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44861"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041029"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Choose a language that provides automatic memory management.

Mitigation
Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

When freeing pointers, be sure to set them to NULL once they are freed. However, the utilization of multiple or complex data structures may lower the usefulness of this strategy.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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