Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-472
AllowedExternal Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application does not sufficiently verify inputs that are assumed to be immutable but are actually externally controllable, such as hidden form fields.
188 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-3530 (GCVE-0-2025-3530)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-23 07:06 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WordPress Simple PayPal Shopping Cart <= 5.1.2 - Unauthenticated Product Price Manipulation
Summary
The WordPress Simple Shopping Cart plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to product price manipulation in all versions up to, and including, 5.1.2. This is due to a logic flaw involving the inconsistent use of parameters during the cart addition process. The plugin uses the parameter 'product_tmp_two' for computing a security hash against price tampering while using 'wspsc_product' to display the product, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to substitute details from a cheaper product and bypass payment for a more expensive item.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-472 - External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
Assigner
References
7 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| mra13 | Simple Shopping Cart |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 5.1.2
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2024-50703 (GCVE-0-2024-50703)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-30 00:00 – Updated: 2024-12-30 16:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
TeamPass before 3.1.3.1 does not properly prevent a user from acting with the privileges of a different user_id.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-472 - External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
Assigner
References
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-25153 (GCVE-0-2024-25153)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-13 14:10 – Updated: 2025-09-19 12:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Remote Code Execution in FileCatalyst Workflow 5.x prior to 5.1.6 Build 114
Summary
A directory traversal within the ‘ftpservlet’ of the FileCatalyst Workflow Web Portal allows files to be uploaded outside of the intended ‘uploadtemp’ directory with a specially crafted POST request. In situations where a file is successfully uploaded to web portal’s DocumentRoot, specially crafted JSP files could be used to execute code, including web shells.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-472 - External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fortra | FileCatalyst |
Affected:
5.1.4 , < 5.1.6
(custom)
|
|
| fortra | filecatalyst |
Affected:
5.1.4 , < 5.1.6
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:fortra:filecatalyst:5.1.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2024-22049 (GCVE-0-2024-22049)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-04 20:19 – Updated: 2026-07-14 22:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
httparty Multipart/Form-Data Request Tampering Vulnerability
Summary
httparty before 0.21.0 is vulnerable to an assumed-immutable web parameter vulnerability. A remote and unauthenticated attacker can provide a crafted filename parameter during multipart/form-data uploads which could result in attacker controlled filenames being written.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-472 - External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
Assigner
References
9 references
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CVE-2024-12123 (GCVE-0-2024-12123)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-04 03:26 – Updated: 2024-12-04 14:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unauthorized Modification of Ticket Requester
Summary
A hidden field manipulation vulnerability was identified in Issuetrak version 17.1 that could be triggered by an authenticated user.
When an authenticated user submits a ticket, the request can be intercepted and subsequently modified by using a proxy. The ticket requester can be changed from the original requester to another user in the same application,
which the application then accepts.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Date Public
2024-12-03 08:00
Credits
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CVE-2024-6010 (GCVE-0-2024-6010)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-07 11:17 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cost Calculator Builder PRO <= 3.2.1 - Unauthenticated Price Manipulation
Summary
The Cost Calculator Builder PRO plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to price manipulation in all versions up to, and including, 3.2.1. This is due to the plugin allowing the price field to be manipulated prior to processing via the 'create_cc_order' function, called from the Cost Calculator Builder plugin. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to manipulate the price of orders submitted via the calculator. Note: this vulnerability was partially patched with the release of Cost Calculator Builder version 3.2.17.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-472 - External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| StylemixThemes | Cost Calculator Builder PRO |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.2.1
(semver)
|
|
| stylemixthemes | cost_calculator_builder_pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.2.1
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:stylemixthemes:cost_calculator_builder_pro:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2024-3649 (GCVE-0-2024-3649)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-02 16:52 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Contact Form by WPForms – Drag & Drop Form Builder for WordPress <= 1.8.7.2 - Unauthenticated Price Manipulation
Summary
The Contact Form by WPForms – Drag & Drop Form Builder for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to price manipulation in versions up to, and including, 1.8.7.2. This is due to a lack of controls on several product parameters. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to manipulate prices, product information, and quantities for purchases made via the Stripe payment integration.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-472 - External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| smub | WPForms – Easy Form Builder for WordPress – Contact Forms, Payment Forms, Surveys, & More |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.8.7.2
(semver)
|
|
| wordpress | contact_form_drag_and_drop_form_builder |
Affected:
- , ≤ 1.8.7.2
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:wordpress:contact_form_drag_and_drop_form_builder:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2023-38520 (GCVE-0-2023-38520)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-04 07:13 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WordPress Pinpoint Booking System plugin <= 2.9.9.3.4 - Parameter Tampering
Summary
External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter vulnerability in PINPOINT.WORLD Pinpoint Booking System allows Functionality Misuse.This issue affects Pinpoint Booking System: from n/a through 2.9.9.3.4.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-472 - External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/boo… | vdb-entry |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PINPOINT.WORLD | Pinpoint Booking System |
Affected:
n/a , ≤ 2.9.9.3.4
(custom)
|
|
| pinpoint | pinpoint_booking_system |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.9.9.3.4
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:pinpoint:pinpoint_booking_system:*:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2023-28512 (GCVE-0-2023-28512)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-03 15:44 – Updated: 2024-08-02 13:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM Watson CP4D Data Stores improper input validation
Summary
IBM Watson CP4D Data Stores 4.6.0, 4.6.1, and 4.6.2 could allow an attacker with specific knowledge about the system to manipulate data due to improper input validation. IBM X-Force ID: 250396.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-472 - External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6965456 | vendor-advisory |
| https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilit… |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Watson CP4D Data Stores |
Affected:
4.6.0, 4.6.1, 4.6.2
|
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CVE-2023-24373 (GCVE-0-2023-24373)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-03 21:35 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WordPress Booking calendar, Appointment Booking System plugin <= 3.2.3 - Bypass vulnerability
Summary
External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter vulnerability in WpDevArt Booking calendar, Appointment Booking System allows Manipulating Hidden Fields.This issue affects Booking calendar, Appointment Booking System: from n/a through 3.2.3.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-472 - External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/boo… | vdb-entry |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WpDevArt | Booking calendar, Appointment Booking System |
Affected:
n/a , ≤ 3.2.3
(custom)
|
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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
CAPEC-146: XML Schema Poisoning
An adversary corrupts or modifies the content of XML schema information passed between a client and server for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. XML Schemas provide the structure and content definitions for XML documents. Schema poisoning is the ability to manipulate a schema either by replacing or modifying it to compromise the programs that process documents that use this schema.
CAPEC-226: Session Credential Falsification through Manipulation
An attacker manipulates an existing credential in order to gain access to a target application. Session credentials allow users to identify themselves to a service after an initial authentication without needing to resend the authentication information (usually a username and password) with every message. An attacker may be able to manipulate a credential sniffed from an existing connection in order to gain access to a target server.
CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies
This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.
CAPEC-39: Manipulating Opaque Client-based Data Tokens
In circumstances where an application holds important data client-side in tokens (cookies, URLs, data files, and so forth) that data can be manipulated. If client or server-side application components reinterpret that data as authentication tokens or data (such as store item pricing or wallet information) then even opaquely manipulating that data may bear fruit for an Attacker. In this pattern an attacker undermines the assumption that client side tokens have been adequately protected from tampering through use of encryption or obfuscation.