CWE-521
AllowedWeak Password Requirements
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not require that users should have strong passwords.
351 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-6PHR-FW4X-4VGJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:48 – Updated: 2024-03-21 03:33** DISPUTED ** An issue was discovered in SMA Solar Technology products. All inverters have a very weak password policy for the user and installer password. No complexity requirements or length requirements are set. Also, strong passwords are impossible due to a maximum of 12 characters and a limited set of characters. NOTE: the vendor reports that the 12-character limit provides "a very high security standard." Also, only Sunny Boy TLST-21 and TL-21 and Sunny Tripower TL-10 and TL-30 could potentially be affected.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-9853"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-521"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-08-05T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "** DISPUTED ** An issue was discovered in SMA Solar Technology products. All inverters have a very weak password policy for the user and installer password. No complexity requirements or length requirements are set. Also, strong passwords are impossible due to a maximum of 12 characters and a limited set of characters. NOTE: the vendor reports that the 12-character limit provides \"a very high security standard.\" Also, only Sunny Boy TLST-21 and TL-21 and Sunny Tripower TL-10 and TL-30 could potentially be affected.",
"id": "GHSA-6phr-fw4x-4vgj",
"modified": "2024-03-21T03:33:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:48:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9853"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://horusscenario.com/CVE-information"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.sma.de/en/statement-on-cyber-security.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.sma.de/fileadmin/content/global/specials/documents/cyber-security/Whitepaper-Cyber-Security-AEN1732_07.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6XJ8-RRQX-R4CV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-29 21:30 – Updated: 2025-11-05 16:10MLflow Weak Password Requirements Authentication Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of MLflow. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of passwords. The issue results from weak password requirements. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system. Was ZDI-CAN-26916.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "mlflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.22.0rc0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-11200"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-521"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-11-05T16:09:13Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-29T20:15:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "MLflow Weak Password Requirements Authentication Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of MLflow. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of passwords. The issue results from weak password requirements. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system. Was ZDI-CAN-26916.",
"id": "GHSA-6xj8-rrqx-r4cv",
"modified": "2025-11-05T16:10:51Z",
"published": "2025-10-29T21:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11200"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mlflow/mlflow/commit/1f74f3f24d8273927b8db392c23e108576936c54"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/mlflow/mlflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-932"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "MLflow Weak Password Requirements Authentication Bypass Vulnerability"
}
GHSA-7689-4FM5-8XXM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-20 18:31 – Updated: 2026-02-20 18:31The web management interface of the device allows the administrator username and password to be set to blank values. Once applied, the device permits authentication with empty credentials over the web management interface and Telnet service. This effectively disables authentication across all critical management channels, allowing any network-adjacent attacker to gain full administrative control without credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-25715"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-521"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-20T17:25:53Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The web management interface of the device allows the administrator \nusername and password to be set to blank values. Once applied, the \ndevice permits authentication with empty credentials over the web \nmanagement interface and Telnet service. This effectively disables \nauthentication across all critical management channels, allowing any \nnetwork-adjacent attacker to gain full administrative control without \ncredentials.",
"id": "GHSA-7689-4fm5-8xxm",
"modified": "2026-02-20T18:31:39Z",
"published": "2026-02-20T18:31:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25715"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-050-03.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-050-03"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-77QW-XVP6-89M4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:36 – Updated: 2022-08-07 00:00Askey AP5100W_Dual_SIG_1.01.097 and all prior versions use a weak password at the Operating System (rlx-linux) level. This allows an attacker to gain unauthorized access as an admin or root user to the device Operating System via Telnet or SSH.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-26201"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-521"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-12-10T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Askey AP5100W_Dual_SIG_1.01.097 and all prior versions use a weak password at the Operating System (rlx-linux) level. This allows an attacker to gain unauthorized access as an admin or root user to the device Operating System via Telnet or SSH.",
"id": "GHSA-77qw-xvp6-89m4",
"modified": "2022-08-07T00:00:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:36:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26201"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/csg-govtech/bolstering-security-how-i-breached-a-wifi-mesh-access-point-from-close-proximity-to-uncover-f8f77dc3cd5d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.askey.com.tw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.askey.com.tw/incident_report_notifications.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-782H-R93G-8GCC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-08 21:30 – Updated: 2024-09-04 21:30An issue discovered in Pfsense CE version 2.6.0 allows attackers to compromise user accounts via weak password requirements.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-29974"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-521"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-08T21:15:08Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue discovered in Pfsense CE version 2.6.0 allows attackers to compromise user accounts via weak password requirements.",
"id": "GHSA-782h-r93g-8gcc",
"modified": "2024-09-04T21:30:30Z",
"published": "2023-11-08T21:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-29974"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.esecforte.com/cve-2023-29974-weak-password-policy"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7942-2FX8-QHPF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-05 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-11 15:20Raneto v0.17.0 employs weak password complexity requirements, allowing attackers to crack user passwords via brute-force attacks. Version 0.17.1 contains security mitigations for this and other vulnerabilities.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.17.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "raneto"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.17.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35143"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-521"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-08-11T15:20:10Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-04T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Raneto v0.17.0 employs weak password complexity requirements, allowing attackers to crack user passwords via brute-force attacks. Version 0.17.1 contains security mitigations for this and other vulnerabilities.",
"id": "GHSA-7942-2fx8-qhpf",
"modified": "2022-08-11T15:20:10Z",
"published": "2022-08-05T00:00:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35143"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ryanlelek/Raneto/pull/370"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ryanlelek/Raneto/commit/55e442c9bc67b845094e14ceb228e95c639595be"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/521.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gainsec.com/2022/08/04/cve-2022-35142-cve-2022-35143-cve-2022-35144"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/gilbitron/Raneto/releases"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ryanlelek/Raneto"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ryanlelek/Raneto/releases/tag/0.17.1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://raneto.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Raneto v0.17.0 employs weak password complexity requirements"
}
GHSA-7F69-J3PP-QVXC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-27 06:30 – Updated: 2023-06-27 06:30Weak Password Requirements in GitHub repository cloudexplorer-dev/cloudexplorer-lite prior to v 1.2.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-3423"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-521"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-27T04:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Weak Password Requirements in GitHub repository cloudexplorer-dev/cloudexplorer-lite prior to v 1.2.0.",
"id": "GHSA-7f69-j3pp-qvxc",
"modified": "2023-06-27T06:30:43Z",
"published": "2023-06-27T06:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3423"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cloudexplorer-dev/cloudexplorer-lite/commit/7d4dab60352079953b7be120afe9bd14983ae3bc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/dd19c7d0-70f1-4d86-a552-611dfa8e0139"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7F7W-XXRM-Q8HM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-23 12:31 – Updated: 2026-03-31 15:31No password for the root user is set in Novakon P series. This allows phyiscal attackers to enter the console easily. This issue affects P series: P – V2001.A.C518o2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-9964"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-521"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-23T12:15:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "No password for the root user is set in Novakon P series. This allows phyiscal attackers to enter the console easily. \nThis issue affects P series: P \u2013 V2001.A.C518o2.",
"id": "GHSA-7f7w-xxrm-q8hm",
"modified": "2026-03-31T15:31:52Z",
"published": "2025-09-23T12:31:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9964"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cyberdanube.com/security-research/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-novakon-hmi-series"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.novakon.com.tw/common/frontend/download?path=/uploads/images/support/download/NOVAKON_P-Series-HMI_Security-Advisory_CVE-2025-9962-9966_Rev2_0.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.novakon.com.tw/en/news/detail/Security_Advisory__Firmware_Update_Available_for_NOVAKON_P_Series_HMI_Products"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Sep/70"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-7WR6-FJ4X-893V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-06 18:52 – Updated: 2024-11-22 20:17rdiffweb prior to 2.5.0a4 allows users to set their new password to be the same as the old password during a password reset. Version 2.5.0a4 enforces a password policy in which a new password cannot be the same as the old one.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "rdiffweb"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.5.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-3376"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-521"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-10-06T20:10:38Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-06T18:16:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "rdiffweb prior to 2.5.0a4 allows users to set their new password to be the same as the old password during a password reset. Version 2.5.0a4 enforces a password policy in which a new password cannot be the same as the old one.",
"id": "GHSA-7wr6-fj4x-893v",
"modified": "2024-11-22T20:17:33Z",
"published": "2022-10-06T18:52:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3376"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ikus060/rdiffweb/commit/2ffc2af65c8f8113b06e0b89929c604bcdf844b9"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ikus060/rdiffweb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/rdiffweb/PYSEC-2022-43157.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/a9021e93-6d18-4ac1-98ce-550c4697a4ed"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "rdiffweb allows a new password to be the same as the previous password"
}
GHSA-8297-WVJG-5VXG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-05 15:31 – Updated: 2025-02-27 18:31Weak Password Reset Rules vulnerabilities where found providing a potiential for the storage of weak passwords that could facilitate unauthorized admin/application access. Affected products:
ABB ASPECT - Enterprise v3.07.02; NEXUS Series v3.07.02; MATRIX Series v3.07.02
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-48845"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-521"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-05T13:15:06Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Weak Password Reset Rules vulnerabilities where found providing a potiential for the storage of weak passwords that could facilitate unauthorized admin/application access.\u00a0\nAffected products:\n\n\nABB ASPECT - Enterprise v3.07.02; \nNEXUS Series v3.07.02; \nMATRIX Series v3.07.02",
"id": "GHSA-8297-wvjg-5vxg",
"modified": "2025-02-27T18:31:00Z",
"published": "2024-12-05T15:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-48845"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=9AKK108469A7497\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=Launch"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- A product's design should require adherance to an appropriate password policy. Specific password requirements depend strongly on contextual factors, but it is recommended to contain the following attributes:
- Depending on the threat model, the password policy may include several additional attributes.
- See NIST 800-63B [REF-1053] for further information on password requirements.
- {'xhtml:li': ['Enforcement of a minimum and maximum length', 'Restrictions against password reuse', 'Restrictions against using common passwords', 'Restrictions against using contextual string in the password (e.g., user id, app name)']}
- {'xhtml:li': [{'xhtml:ul': {'xhtml:li': ['Increasing the range of characters makes the password harder to crack and may be appropriate for systems relying on single factor authentication.', 'Unfortunately, a complex password may be difficult to memorize, encouraging a user to select a short password or to incorrectly manage the password (write it down).', "Another disadvantage of this approach is that it often does not result in a significant increases in overal password complexity due to people's predictable usage of various symbols."]}, '#text': 'Complex passwords requiring mixed character sets (alpha, numeric, special, mixed case)'}, {'xhtml:ul': {'xhtml:li': ['Increasing the number of characters makes the password harder to crack and may be appropriate for systems relying on single factor authentication.', 'A disadvantage of this approach is that selecting a good passphrase is not easy and poor passwords can still be generated. Some prompting may be needed to encourage long un-predictable passwords.']}, '#text': 'Large Minimum Length (encouraging passphrases instead of passwords)'}, {'xhtml:ul': {'xhtml:li': ['Generating a password for the user can help make sure that length and complexity requirements are met, and can result in secure passwords being used.', 'A disadvantage of this approach is that the resulting password or passpharse may be too difficult to memorize, encouraging them to be written down.']}, '#text': 'Randomly Chosen Secrets'}]}
Mitigation
Consider a second authentication factor beyond the password, which prevents the password from being a single point of failure. See CWE-308 for further information.
Mitigation
Consider implementing a password complexity meter to inform users when a chosen password meets the required attributes.
Mitigation
Previously, "password expiration" was widely advocated as a defense-in-depth approach to minimize the risk of weak passwords, and it has become a common practice. Password expiration requires a password to be changed within a fixed time window (such as every 90 days). However, this approach has significant limitations in the current threat landscape, and its utility has been reduced in light of the adoption of related protection mechanisms (such as password complexity and computational effort), along with the recognition that regular password changes often caused users to generate more predictable passwords. As a result, this is now a Discouraged Common Practice [REF-1488] [REF-1489], especially as the sole factor in protecting passwords. It is still strongly encouraged to force password changes in case of evidence of compromise, but this is not the same as a forced "expiration" on an arbitrary time frame.
CAPEC-112: Brute Force
In this attack, some asset (information, functionality, identity, etc.) is protected by a finite secret value. The attacker attempts to gain access to this asset by using trial-and-error to exhaustively explore all the possible secret values in the hope of finding the secret (or a value that is functionally equivalent) that will unlock the asset.
CAPEC-16: Dictionary-based Password Attack
An attacker tries each of the words in a dictionary as passwords to gain access to the system via some user's account. If the password chosen by the user was a word within the dictionary, this attack will be successful (in the absence of other mitigations). This is a specific instance of the password brute forcing attack pattern.
Dictionary Attacks differ from similar attacks such as Password Spraying (CAPEC-565) and Credential Stuffing (CAPEC-600), since they leverage unknown username/password combinations and don't care about inducing account lockouts.
CAPEC-49: Password Brute Forcing
An adversary tries every possible value for a password until they succeed. A brute force attack, if feasible computationally, will always be successful because it will essentially go through all possible passwords given the alphabet used (lower case letters, upper case letters, numbers, symbols, etc.) and the maximum length of the password.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-55: Rainbow Table Password Cracking
An attacker gets access to the database table where hashes of passwords are stored. They then use a rainbow table of pre-computed hash chains to attempt to look up the original password. Once the original password corresponding to the hash is obtained, the attacker uses the original password to gain access to the system.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-565: Password Spraying
In a Password Spraying attack, an adversary tries a small list (e.g. 3-5) of common or expected passwords, often matching the target's complexity policy, against a known list of user accounts to gain valid credentials. The adversary tries a particular password for each user account, before moving onto the next password in the list. This approach assists the adversary in remaining undetected by avoiding rapid or frequent account lockouts. The adversary may then reattempt the process with additional passwords, once enough time has passed to prevent inducing a lockout.
CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords
An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.