Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-552

Allowed

Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product makes files or directories accessible to unauthorized actors, even though they should not be.

670 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-M8R4-2MGM-775C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-01 00:30 – Updated: 2023-02-08 21:30
VLAI
Details

Easy Images v2.0 was discovered to contain an arbitrary file download vulnerability via the component /application/down.php. This vulnerability is exploited via a crafted GET request.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-48161"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-02-01T00:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Easy Images v2.0 was discovered to contain an arbitrary file download vulnerability via the component /application/down.php. This vulnerability is exploited via a crafted GET request.",
  "id": "GHSA-m8r4-2mgm-775c",
  "modified": "2023-02-08T21:30:18Z",
  "published": "2023-02-01T00:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48161"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sunset-move/EasyImages2.0-arbitrary-file-download-vulnerability"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M974-G65C-PFC6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-16 09:30 – Updated: 2025-06-20 21:31
VLAI
Details

Unauthorized file access vulnerability in the wallpaper service module. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause features to perform abnormally.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-52112"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-16T08:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Unauthorized file access vulnerability in the wallpaper service module. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause features to perform abnormally.",
  "id": "GHSA-m974-g65c-pfc6",
  "modified": "2025-06-20T21:31:39Z",
  "published": "2024-01-16T09:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-52112"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2024/1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://device.harmonyos.com/en/docs/security/update/security-bulletins-202401-0000001799925977"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MF78-3RPF-R784

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 20:19 – Updated: 2026-07-14 20:19
VLAI
Summary
Anyquery: Local File Read (LFR) via Unrestricted SQLite Virtual Table Modules in Server Mode
Details

Summary

Anyquery's server mode lacks input sanitization and access control over its built-in SQLite virtual table modules (e.g., csv_reader, log_reader). Unauthenticated attackers connecting to the MySQL-compatible server port can create virtual tables pointing to local files on the system (e.g., /etc/passwd, ~/.ssh/id_rsa). This allows full Local File Read (LFR) capabilities, compromising sensitive system configurations and credentials.

Details

Anyquery utilizes the hashicorp/go-getter library within its data ingestion modules. When Anyquery is launched in Server Mode (anyquery server), it binds to a TCP port and accepts MySQL protocol connections. The server handler does not restrict the usage of these virtual table modules to safe directories. An attacker can connect to the server and execute native SQLite virtual table creation queries to instantiate modules like csv_reader pointing to restricted files. Because the file read operation is initiated by the Anyquery server process, the attacker can read any file the process has access to.

PoC (Proof of Concept)

  1. Start the server on the victim machine: bash anyquery server --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8070
  2. Connect from an attacker machine: bash mysql -u root -h <VICTIM_IP> -P 8070
  3. Execute the following payload to read /etc/passwd: sql CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE passwd USING csv_reader('/etc/passwd'); SELECT * FROM passwd;

Impact

  • Confidentiality: High. Complete compromise of local file system confidentiality.
  • Integrity: None.
  • Availability: None.
  • CVSS Score: 7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Remediation

Implement a sandboxing mechanism in Server Mode (e.g., a --restrict-paths flag) to limit read_* operations to designated directories.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c 0.4.5"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/julien040/anyquery"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-54629"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22",
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-552",
      "CWE-73",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-14T20:19:07Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\nAnyquery\u0027s `server` mode lacks input sanitization and access control over its built-in SQLite virtual table modules (e.g., `csv_reader`, `log_reader`). Unauthenticated attackers connecting to the MySQL-compatible server port can create virtual tables pointing to local files on the system (e.g., `/etc/passwd`, `~/.ssh/id_rsa`). This allows full Local File Read (LFR) capabilities, compromising sensitive system configurations and credentials.\n\n## Details\nAnyquery utilizes the `hashicorp/go-getter` library within its data ingestion modules. When Anyquery is launched in **Server Mode** (`anyquery server`), it binds to a TCP port and accepts MySQL protocol connections. The server handler does not restrict the usage of these virtual table modules to safe directories. An attacker can connect to the server and execute native SQLite virtual table creation queries to instantiate modules like `csv_reader` pointing to restricted files. Because the file read operation is initiated by the Anyquery server process, the attacker can read any file the process has access to.\n\n## PoC (Proof of Concept)\n1. Start the server on the victim machine:\n   ```bash\n   anyquery server --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8070\n   ```\n2. Connect from an attacker machine:\n   ```bash\n   mysql -u root -h \u003cVICTIM_IP\u003e -P 8070\n   ```\n3. Execute the following payload to read `/etc/passwd`:\n   ```sql\n   CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE passwd USING csv_reader(\u0027/etc/passwd\u0027);\n   SELECT * FROM passwd;\n   ```\n\n## Impact\n- **Confidentiality:** High. Complete compromise of local file system confidentiality.\n- **Integrity:** None.\n- **Availability:** None.\n- **CVSS Score:** 7.5 (High) - `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N`\n\n## Remediation\nImplement a sandboxing mechanism in Server Mode (e.g., a `--restrict-paths` flag) to limit `read_*` operations to designated directories.",
  "id": "GHSA-mf78-3rpf-r784",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T20:19:07Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T20:19:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/julien040/anyquery/security/advisories/GHSA-mf78-3rpf-r784"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/julien040/anyquery"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/julien040/anyquery/releases/tag/0.4.5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Anyquery: Local File Read (LFR) via Unrestricted SQLite Virtual Table Modules in Server Mode"
}

GHSA-MG9H-26FX-X4QQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-31 06:33 – Updated: 2025-10-31 06:33
VLAI
Details

FutureNet MA and IP-K series provided by Century Systems Co., Ltd. put the firmware version and the garbage collection information on the internal web page. With some crafted HTTP request, they can be accessed without authentication.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-58152"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-31T06:15:34Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "FutureNet MA and IP-K series provided by Century Systems Co., Ltd. put the firmware version and the garbage collection information on the internal web page. With some crafted HTTP request, they can be accessed without authentication.",
  "id": "GHSA-mg9h-26fx-x4qq",
  "modified": "2025-10-31T06:33:21Z",
  "published": "2025-10-31T06:33:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58152"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU98191201"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.centurysys.co.jp/backnumber/common/jvnvu98191201.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MJ2C-VQCJ-67QC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-05 12:31 – Updated: 2024-12-05 15:31
VLAI
Details

Unauthorized file access in WEB Server in ABB ASPECT - Enterprise v <=3.08.01; NEXUS Series

v <=3.08.01

; MATRIX Series

v<=3.08.01 allows Attacker to access files unauthorized

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-6209"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-05T11:15:10Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Unauthorized file access in WEB Server in ABB ASPECT - Enterprise v \u003c=3.08.01; NEXUS Series\n\n v \u003c=3.08.01\n\n; MATRIX Series \n\n v\u003c=3.08.01 allows Attacker to access files unauthorized",
  "id": "GHSA-mj2c-vqcj-67qc",
  "modified": "2024-12-05T15:31:00Z",
  "published": "2024-07-05T12:31:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-6209"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=9AKK108469A7497\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=Launch"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=9AKK108469A7497\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=Launch\u0026_ga=2.39956449.23035250.1719878527-141379670.1701144964"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:Y/R:I/V:C/RE:H/U:Red",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MJM8-H7PJ-PXM5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:37 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:37
VLAI
Details

IBM RSA DM (IBM Rational Collaborative Lifecycle Management 5.0 and 6.0) could allow an authenticated user to access settings that they should not be able to using a specially crafted URL. IBM X-Force ID: 132625.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-1602"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-03-23T19:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM RSA DM (IBM Rational Collaborative Lifecycle Management 5.0 and 6.0) could allow an authenticated user to access settings that they should not be able to using a specially crafted URL. IBM X-Force ID: 132625.",
  "id": "GHSA-mjm8-h7pj-pxm5",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:37:05Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:37:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-1602"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/132625"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg22014815"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/103477"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MM47-557M-FXPP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-04 00:33 – Updated: 2025-03-27 21:31
VLAI
Details

WRC-X3200GST3-B v1.25 and earlier, and WRC-G01-W v1.24 and earlier allow a network-adjacent unauthenticated attacker to obtain the configuration file containing sensitive information by sending a specially crafted request.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-29225"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-04T00:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "WRC-X3200GST3-B v1.25 and earlier, and WRC-G01-W v1.24 and earlier allow a network-adjacent unauthenticated attacker to obtain the configuration file containing sensitive information by sending a specially crafted request.",
  "id": "GHSA-mm47-557m-fxpp",
  "modified": "2025-03-27T21:31:03Z",
  "published": "2024-04-04T00:33:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-29225"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU95381465"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.elecom.co.jp/news/security/20240326-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MM62-GWJ5-J285

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-22 21:31 – Updated: 2025-08-25 17:54
VLAI
Summary
Liferay Portal's unauthenticated users can access loaded files via URL before submitting the object entry
Details

Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.132, and Liferay DXP 2025.Q1.0 through 2025.Q1.5, 2024.Q4.0 through 2024.Q4.7, 2024.Q3.1 through 2024.Q3.13, 2024.Q2.0 through 2024.Q2.13, 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.15 and 7.4 GA through update 92 allows unauthenticated users (guests) to access via URL files uploaded by object entry and stored in document_library

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.liferay:com.liferay.frontend.js.web"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.0.125"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.liferay:com.liferay.object.dynamic.data.mapping.form.field.type"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.0.65"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.liferay:com.liferay.object.web"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.0.219"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-43758"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-08-25T17:54:09Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-22T19:15:38Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.132, and Liferay DXP 2025.Q1.0 through 2025.Q1.5, 2024.Q4.0 through 2024.Q4.7, 2024.Q3.1 through 2024.Q3.13, 2024.Q2.0 through 2024.Q2.13, 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.15 and 7.4 GA through update 92 allows unauthenticated users (guests) to access via URL files uploaded by object entry and stored in document_library",
  "id": "GHSA-mm62-gwj5-j285",
  "modified": "2025-08-25T17:54:09Z",
  "published": "2025-08-22T21:31:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43758"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal/commit/bf036898c413b6733918f4bfeba59896f1abb34a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal/commit/ff4efcb59b6b9acf548d37787b8d4b3d1126fff8"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://liferay.atlassian.net/browse/LPE-18186"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://liferay.dev/portal/security/known-vulnerabilities/-/asset_publisher/jekt/content/CVE-2025-43758"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Liferay Portal\u0027s unauthenticated users can access loaded files via URL before submitting the object entry"
}

GHSA-MP6J-QH5H-CCJ4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-30 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:25
VLAI
Details

Sysaid - CWE-552: Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties - 

Authenticated users may exfiltrate files from the server via an unspecified method.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-32226"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-30T08:15:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": " Sysaid -  CWE-552: Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties -\u00a0\n\nAuthenticated users may exfiltrate files from the server via an unspecified method.\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-mp6j-qh5h-ccj4",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T06:25:51Z",
  "published": "2023-07-30T09:30:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32226"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.gov.il/en/Departments/faq/cve_advisories"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MQX3-4HHF-CVPV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-10 21:30 – Updated: 2026-06-01 15:30
VLAI
Details

Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties vulnerability in Saysis Starcities allows Collect Data from Common Resource Locations.This issue affects Starcities: through 1.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-1246"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-10T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties vulnerability in Saysis Starcities allows Collect Data from Common Resource Locations.This issue affects Starcities: through 1.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-mqx3-4hhf-cvpv",
  "modified": "2026-06-01T15:30:29Z",
  "published": "2023-03-10T21:30:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1246"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimleri/detay/tr-23-0140"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.usom.gov.tr/bildirim/tr-23-0140"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Implementation System Configuration Operation

When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to disable public access.

CAPEC-150: Collect Data from Common Resource Locations

An adversary exploits well-known locations for resources for the purposes of undermining the security of the target. In many, if not most systems, files and resources are organized in a default tree structure. This can be useful for adversaries because they often know where to look for resources or files that are necessary for attacks. Even when the precise location of a targeted resource may not be known, naming conventions may indicate a small area of the target machine's file tree where the resources are typically located. For example, configuration files are normally stored in the /etc director on Unix systems. Adversaries can take advantage of this to commit other types of attacks.

CAPEC-639: Probe System Files

An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to improperly protected files. If an application stores sensitive information in a file that is not protected by proper access control, then an adversary can access the file and search for sensitive information.