Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-642

Allowed-with-Review

External Control of Critical State Data

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product stores security-critical state information about its users, or the product itself, in a location that is accessible to unauthorized actors.

26 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-JHC3-VCH4-27RH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-02 21:31 – Updated: 2025-10-02 21:31
VLAI
Details

The Matrix specification before 1.16 (i.e., with a room version before 12 and State Resolution before 2.1) has deficient state resolution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-49090"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-642"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-02T19:15:31Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Matrix specification before 1.16 (i.e., with a room version before 12 and State Resolution before 2.1) has deficient state resolution.",
  "id": "GHSA-jhc3-vch4-27rh",
  "modified": "2025-10-02T21:31:19Z",
  "published": "2025-10-02T21:31:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49090"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Nheko-Reborn/nheko/issues/1931"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec/releases/tag/v1.16"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://matrix.org/blog/2025/08/project-hydra-improving-state-res"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://matrix.org/blog/2025/08/security-release"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RVQR-HRCC-J9VV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-26 19:50 – Updated: 2026-04-10 19:38
VLAI
Summary
OpenClaw: Bonjour/DNS-SD TXT metadata steers CLI routing after failed service resolution
Details

Summary

Bonjour and DNS-SD TXT metadata could still steer CLI routing even when actual service resolution failed, allowing unresolved hints to influence the chosen target.

Affected Packages / Versions

  • Package: openclaw (npm)
  • Affected: < 2026.3.22
  • Fixed: >= 2026.3.22
  • Latest released tag checked: v2026.3.23-2 (630f1479c44f78484dfa21bb407cbe6f171dac87)
  • Latest published npm version checked: 2026.3.23-2

Fix Commit(s)

  • deecf68b59a9b7eea978e40fd3c2fe543087b569

Release Status

The fix shipped in v2026.3.22 and remains present in v2026.3.23 and v2026.3.23-2.

Code-Level Confirmation

  • src/infra/bonjour-discovery.ts now resolves and returns only concrete endpoints instead of falling back to unresolved TXT host and port hints.
  • src/cli/gateway-cli/discover.ts consumes only the fail-closed resolved endpoint path.

OpenClaw thanks @nexrin for reporting.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.3.22"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-35659"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-345",
      "CWE-642"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-26T19:50:24Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-10T17:17:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\nBonjour and DNS-SD TXT metadata could still steer CLI routing even when actual service resolution failed, allowing unresolved hints to influence the chosen target.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Affected: \u003c 2026.3.22\n- Fixed: \u003e= 2026.3.22\n- Latest released tag checked: `v2026.3.23-2` (`630f1479c44f78484dfa21bb407cbe6f171dac87`)\n- Latest published npm version checked: `2026.3.23-2`\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n- `deecf68b59a9b7eea978e40fd3c2fe543087b569`\n\n## Release Status\nThe fix shipped in `v2026.3.22` and remains present in `v2026.3.23` and `v2026.3.23-2`.\n\n## Code-Level Confirmation\n- src/infra/bonjour-discovery.ts now resolves and returns only concrete endpoints instead of falling back to unresolved TXT host and port hints.\n- src/cli/gateway-cli/discover.ts consumes only the fail-closed resolved endpoint path.\n\nOpenClaw thanks @nexrin for reporting.",
  "id": "GHSA-rvqr-hrcc-j9vv",
  "modified": "2026-04-10T19:38:24Z",
  "published": "2026-03-26T19:50:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-rvqr-hrcc-j9vv"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35659"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/630f1479c44f78484dfa21bb407cbe6f171dac87"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/deecf68b59a9b7eea978e40fd3c2fe543087b569"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-unresolved-service-metadata-routing-via-bonjour-and-dns-sd-discovery"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw: Bonjour/DNS-SD TXT metadata steers CLI routing after failed service resolution"
}

GHSA-RXX3-4978-3CC9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-08 21:30 – Updated: 2024-12-20 15:30
VLAI
Details

On Unix platforms, the Go runtime does not behave differently when a binary is run with the setuid/setgid bits. This can be dangerous in certain cases, such as when dumping memory state, or assuming the status of standard i/o file descriptors. If a setuid/setgid binary is executed with standard I/O file descriptors closed, opening any files can result in unexpected content being read or written with elevated privileges. Similarly, if a setuid/setgid program is terminated, either via panic or signal, it may leak the contents of its registers.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-29403"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-642",
      "CWE-668"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-08T21:15:16Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "On Unix platforms, the Go runtime does not behave differently when a binary is run with the setuid/setgid bits. This can be dangerous in certain cases, such as when dumping memory state, or assuming the status of standard i/o file descriptors. If a setuid/setgid binary is executed with standard I/O file descriptors closed, opening any files can result in unexpected content being read or written with elevated privileges. Similarly, if a setuid/setgid program is terminated, either via panic or signal, it may leak the contents of its registers.",
  "id": "GHSA-rxx3-4978-3cc9",
  "modified": "2024-12-20T15:30:44Z",
  "published": "2023-06-08T21:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-29403"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://go.dev/cl/501223"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://go.dev/issue/60272"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/q5135a9d924/m/j0ZoAJOHAwAJ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NZ2O6YCO2IZMZJELQGZYR2WAUNEDLYV6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XBS3IIK6ADV24C5ULQU55QLT2UE762ZX"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2023-1840"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202311-09"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20241220-0009"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-W2HW-VRCC-CPX9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:34 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:34
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in Cisco HyperFlex Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to generate valid, signed session tokens. The vulnerability is due to a static signing key that is present in all Cisco HyperFlex systems. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by accessing the static signing key from one HyperFlex system and using it to generate valid, signed session tokens for another HyperFlex system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to access the HyperFlex Web UI of a system for which they are not authorized.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-15382"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-642"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-10-05T14:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in Cisco HyperFlex Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to generate valid, signed session tokens. The vulnerability is due to a static signing key that is present in all Cisco HyperFlex systems. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by accessing the static signing key from one HyperFlex system and using it to generate valid, signed session tokens for another HyperFlex system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to access the HyperFlex Web UI of a system for which they are not authorized.",
  "id": "GHSA-w2hw-vrcc-cpx9",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:34:22Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:34:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-15382"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20181003-hyperflex-secret"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105518"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-W7GV-QP22-428H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-20 00:02 – Updated: 2022-01-29 00:01
VLAI
Details

In a Junos Fusion scenario an External Control of Critical State Data vulnerability in the Satellite Device (SD) control state machine of Juniper Networks Junos OS allows an attacker who is able to make physical changes to the cabling of the device to cause a denial of service (DoS). An SD can get rebooted and subsequently controlled by an Aggregation Device (AD) which does not belong to the original Fusion setup and is just connected to an extended port of the SD. To carry out this attack the attacker needs to have physical access to the cabling between the SD and the original AD. This issue affects: Juniper Networks Junos OS 16.1R1 and later versions prior to 18.4R3-S10; 19.1 versions prior to 19.1R3-S7; 19.2 versions prior to 19.2R3-S4. This issue does not affect Juniper Networks Junos OS versions prior to 16.1R1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-22154"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-642",
      "CWE-668"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-01-19T01:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In a Junos Fusion scenario an External Control of Critical State Data vulnerability in the Satellite Device (SD) control state machine of Juniper Networks Junos OS allows an attacker who is able to make physical changes to the cabling of the device to cause a denial of service (DoS). An SD can get rebooted and subsequently controlled by an Aggregation Device (AD) which does not belong to the original Fusion setup and is just connected to an extended port of the SD. To carry out this attack the attacker needs to have physical access to the cabling between the SD and the original AD. This issue affects: Juniper Networks Junos OS 16.1R1 and later versions prior to 18.4R3-S10; 19.1 versions prior to 19.1R3-S7; 19.2 versions prior to 19.2R3-S4. This issue does not affect Juniper Networks Junos OS versions prior to 16.1R1.",
  "id": "GHSA-w7gv-qp22-428h",
  "modified": "2022-01-29T00:01:22Z",
  "published": "2022-01-20T00:02:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22154"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kb.juniper.net/JSA11262"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-WQ95-4R5J-P4X4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-11 03:30 – Updated: 2024-07-11 03:30
VLAI
Details

External Control of Critical State Data (CWE-642) in the Controller 6000 and Controller 7000 diagnostic web interface allows an authenticated user to modify device I/O connections leading to unexpected behavior that in some circumstances could compromise site physical security controls. Gallagher recommend the diagnostic web page is not enabled (default is off) unless advised by Gallagher Technical support. This interface is intended only for diagnostic purposes.

This issue affects: Gallagher Controller 6000 and 7000

9.10 prior to vCR9.10.240520a (distributed in 9.10.1268(MR1)), 9.00 prior to vCR9.00.240521a (distributed in 9.00.1990(MR3)), 8.90 prior to vCR8.90.240520a (distributed in 8.90.1947 (MR4)), 8.80 prior to vCR8.80.240520a (distributed in 8.80.1726 (MR5)), 8.70 prior to vCR8.70.240520a (distributed in 8.70.2824 (MR7)), all versions of 8.60 and prior.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-22387"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-642"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-11T03:15:02Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "External Control of Critical State Data (CWE-642) in the Controller 6000 and Controller 7000 diagnostic web interface allows an authenticated user to modify device I/O connections leading to unexpected behavior that in some circumstances could compromise site physical security controls. Gallagher recommend the diagnostic web page is not enabled (default is off) unless advised by Gallagher Technical support. This interface is intended only for diagnostic purposes.\n\n\n\nThis issue affects:\u00a0Gallagher Controller 6000 and 7000 \n\n9.10 prior to vCR9.10.240520a (distributed in 9.10.1268(MR1)), 9.00 prior to vCR9.00.240521a (distributed in 9.00.1990(MR3)), 8.90 prior to vCR8.90.240520a (distributed in 8.90.1947 (MR4)),\u00a08.80 prior to vCR8.80.240520a (distributed in 8.80.1726 (MR5)), 8.70 prior to vCR8.70.240520a (distributed in 8.70.2824 (MR7)), all versions of 8.60 and prior.",
  "id": "GHSA-wq95-4r5j-p4x4",
  "modified": "2024-07-11T03:30:55Z",
  "published": "2024-07-11T03:30:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22387"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gallagher.com/Security-Advisories/CVE-2024-22387"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Understand all the potential locations that are accessible to attackers. For example, some programmers assume that cookies and hidden form fields cannot be modified by an attacker, or they may not consider that environment variables can be modified before a privileged program is invoked.

Mitigation MIT-14
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

  • Store state information and sensitive data on the server side only.
  • Ensure that the system definitively and unambiguously keeps track of its own state and user state and has rules defined for legitimate state transitions. Do not allow any application user to affect state directly in any way other than through legitimate actions leading to state transitions.
  • If information must be stored on the client, do not do so without encryption and integrity checking, or otherwise having a mechanism on the server side to catch tampering. Use a message authentication code (MAC) algorithm, such as Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC) [REF-529]. Apply this against the state or sensitive data that has to be exposed, which can guarantee the integrity of the data - i.e., that the data has not been modified. Ensure that a strong hash function is used (CWE-328).
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Store state information on the server side only. Ensure that the system definitively and unambiguously keeps track of its own state and user state and has rules defined for legitimate state transitions. Do not allow any application user to affect state directly in any way other than through legitimate actions leading to state transitions.

Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
  • With a stateless protocol such as HTTP, use some frameworks can maintain the state for you.
  • Examples include ASP.NET View State and the OWASP ESAPI Session Management feature.
  • Be careful of language features that provide state support, since these might be provided as a convenience to the programmer and may not be considering security.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation MIT-16
Operation Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.

CAPEC-21: Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers

An adversary guesses, obtains, or "rides" a trusted identifier (e.g. session ID, resource ID, cookie, etc.) to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.

CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies

This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.