CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15143 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-HWPF-26CC-FPHM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-08 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:40Tenda AC10 v4 US_AC10V4.0si_V16.03.10.13_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via parameter shareSpeed at /goform/WifiGuestSet.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-34571"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-08T15:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Tenda AC10 v4 US_AC10V4.0si_V16.03.10.13_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via parameter shareSpeed at /goform/WifiGuestSet.",
"id": "GHSA-hwpf-26cc-fphm",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:40:43Z",
"published": "2023-06-08T15:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34571"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackmd.io/%400dayResearch/S1GcUxzSn"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackmd.io/@0dayResearch/S1GcUxzSn"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HWPQ-WFJF-957H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:03 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:03A vulnerability in Apache OpenOffice Writer DOC file parser before 4.1.4, and specifically in ImportOldFormatStyles, allows attackers to craft malicious documents that cause denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) potentially resulting in arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-12608"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-11-20T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in Apache OpenOffice Writer DOC file parser before 4.1.4, and specifically in ImportOldFormatStyles, allows attackers to craft malicious documents that cause denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) potentially resulting in arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-hwpq-wfjf-957h",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:03:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:03:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12608"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2017/12/msg00017.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-4022"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openoffice.org/security/cves/CVE-2017-12608.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/101585"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039733"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039735"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HWR8-38V5-FG7R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-05 21:31 – Updated: 2024-06-05 21:31An issue was discovered in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 980, Exynos 850, Exynos 1280, Exynos 1380, and Exynos 1330. In the function slsi_nan_get_security_info_nl(), there is no input validation check on sec_info->key_info.body.pmk_info.pmk_len coming from userspace, which can lead to a heap overwrite.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-27377"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-05T19:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 980, Exynos 850, Exynos 1280, Exynos 1380, and Exynos 1330. In the function slsi_nan_get_security_info_nl(), there is no input validation check on sec_info-\u003ekey_info.body.pmk_info.pmk_len coming from userspace, which can lead to a heap overwrite.",
"id": "GHSA-hwr8-38v5-fg7r",
"modified": "2024-06-05T21:31:28Z",
"published": "2024-06-05T21:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-27377"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://semiconductor.samsung.com/support/quality-support/product-security-updates"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HWRP-QJ75-RGXM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-01 15:30 – Updated: 2026-06-01 18:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
crypto: ccp: Don't attempt to copy CSR to userspace if PSP command failed
When retrieving the PEK CSR, don't attempt to copy the blob to userspace if the firmware command failed. If the failure was due to an invalid length, i.e. the userspace buffer+length was too small, copying the number of bytes firmware requires will overflow the kernel-allocated buffer and leak data to userspace.
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in instrument_copy_to_user ../include/linux/instrumented.h:129 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _inline_copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:205 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _copy_to_user+0x66/0xa0 ../lib/usercopy.c:26 Read of size 2084 at addr ffff898144612e20 by task syz.9.219/21405
CPU: 14 UID: 0 PID: 21405 Comm: syz.9.219 Tainted: G U O 7.0.0-smp-DEV #28 PREEMPTLAZY Tainted: [U]=USER, [O]=OOT_MODULE Hardware name: Google, Inc. Arcadia_IT_80/Arcadia_IT_80, BIOS 12.62.0-0 11/19/2025 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0xc5/0x110 ../lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description ../mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xbc/0x260 ../mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0xa2/0xe0 ../mm/kasan/report.c:595 check_region_inline ../mm/kasan/generic.c:-1 [inline] kasan_check_range+0x264/0x2c0 ../mm/kasan/generic.c:200 instrument_copy_to_user ../include/linux/instrumented.h:129 [inline] _inline_copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:205 [inline] _copy_to_user+0x66/0xa0 ../lib/usercopy.c:26 copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:236 [inline] sev_ioctl_do_pek_csr+0x31f/0x590 ../drivers/crypto/ccp/sev-dev.c:1872 sev_ioctl+0x3a4/0x490 ../drivers/crypto/ccp/sev-dev.c:2562 vfs_ioctl ../fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline] __do_sys_ioctl ../fs/ioctl.c:597 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl+0x11d/0x1b0 ../fs/ioctl.c:583 do_syscall_x64 ../arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xe0/0x800 ../arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
WARN if the driver says the command succeeded, but the firmware error code says otherwise, as __sev_do_cmd_locked() is expected to return -EIO on any firwmware error.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-31699"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-01T14:16:19Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncrypto: ccp: Don\u0027t attempt to copy CSR to userspace if PSP command failed\n\nWhen retrieving the PEK CSR, don\u0027t attempt to copy the blob to userspace\nif the firmware command failed. If the failure was due to an invalid\nlength, i.e. the userspace buffer+length was too small, copying the number\nof bytes _firmware_ requires will overflow the kernel-allocated buffer and\nleak data to userspace.\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in instrument_copy_to_user ../include/linux/instrumented.h:129 [inline]\n BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _inline_copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:205 [inline]\n BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _copy_to_user+0x66/0xa0 ../lib/usercopy.c:26\n Read of size 2084 at addr ffff898144612e20 by task syz.9.219/21405\n\n CPU: 14 UID: 0 PID: 21405 Comm: syz.9.219 Tainted: G U O 7.0.0-smp-DEV #28 PREEMPTLAZY\n Tainted: [U]=USER, [O]=OOT_MODULE\n Hardware name: Google, Inc. Arcadia_IT_80/Arcadia_IT_80, BIOS 12.62.0-0 11/19/2025\n Call Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n dump_stack_lvl+0xc5/0x110 ../lib/dump_stack.c:120\n print_address_description ../mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline]\n print_report+0xbc/0x260 ../mm/kasan/report.c:482\n kasan_report+0xa2/0xe0 ../mm/kasan/report.c:595\n check_region_inline ../mm/kasan/generic.c:-1 [inline]\n kasan_check_range+0x264/0x2c0 ../mm/kasan/generic.c:200\n instrument_copy_to_user ../include/linux/instrumented.h:129 [inline]\n _inline_copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:205 [inline]\n _copy_to_user+0x66/0xa0 ../lib/usercopy.c:26\n copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:236 [inline]\n sev_ioctl_do_pek_csr+0x31f/0x590 ../drivers/crypto/ccp/sev-dev.c:1872\n sev_ioctl+0x3a4/0x490 ../drivers/crypto/ccp/sev-dev.c:2562\n vfs_ioctl ../fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]\n __do_sys_ioctl ../fs/ioctl.c:597 [inline]\n __se_sys_ioctl+0x11d/0x1b0 ../fs/ioctl.c:583\n do_syscall_x64 ../arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]\n do_syscall_64+0xe0/0x800 ../arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\nWARN if the driver says the command succeeded, but the firmware error code\nsays otherwise, as __sev_do_cmd_locked() is expected to return -EIO on any\nfirwmware error.",
"id": "GHSA-hwrp-qj75-rgxm",
"modified": "2026-06-01T18:31:28Z",
"published": "2026-05-01T15:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31699"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0fb87e44b81385f940b482cba5b3f0bd18fb8185"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/111dcc6d0f016076745824a787d25609d0022f4c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/372116eece159adff631b1508344c8b85ebf9559"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3b4fd8f15765d9a3105b834dba8a05d025e5e16e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/502d10a1d9d477e6c7fc7021a2dac7018f4ab8b5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/59e9ae81f8670ccc780bc75f45a355736f640ec9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/607ba280f2adb5092cf5386c3935afac2ca0031a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/abe4a6d6f606113251868c2c4a06ba904bb41eed"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HWVV-RHV5-X8GF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-29 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-10 00:00An issue was discovered in Veritas NetBackup 8.1.x through 8.1.2, 8.2, 8.3.x through 8.3.0.2, 9.x through 9.0.0.1, and 9.1.x through 9.1.0.1 (and related NetBackup products). An attacker with authenticated access to a NetBackup Client could remotely trigger a stack-based buffer overflow on the NetBackup Primary server, resulting in a denial of service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-36998"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-28T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Veritas NetBackup 8.1.x through 8.1.2, 8.2, 8.3.x through 8.3.0.2, 9.x through 9.0.0.1, and 9.1.x through 9.1.0.1 (and related NetBackup products). An attacker with authenticated access to a NetBackup Client could remotely trigger a stack-based buffer overflow on the NetBackup Primary server, resulting in a denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-hwvv-rhv5-x8gf",
"modified": "2022-08-10T00:00:21Z",
"published": "2022-07-29T00:00:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36998"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.veritas.com/content/support/en_US/security/VTS22-004#m3"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HWW2-2QGH-FRPQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-24 21:31 – Updated: 2024-07-26 15:31Tenda FH1201 v1.2.0.14 was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability via the entrys parameter at ip/goform/addressNat.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-41463"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-24T21:15:12Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda FH1201 v1.2.0.14 was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability via the entrys parameter at ip/goform/addressNat.",
"id": "GHSA-hww2-2qgh-frpq",
"modified": "2024-07-26T15:31:50Z",
"published": "2024-07-24T21:31:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-41463"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/iotresearch/iot-vuln/blob/main/Tenda/FH1201/addressNat/README.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HWWM-GXJR-WCPW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:04 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:04Multiple memory corruption issues were addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.2 and iPadOS 13.2, tvOS 13.2, Safari 13.0.3, iTunes for Windows 12.10.2, iCloud for Windows 11.0, iCloud for Windows 7.15. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-8815"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-12-18T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple memory corruption issues were addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.2 and iPadOS 13.2, tvOS 13.2, Safari 13.0.3, iTunes for Windows 12.10.2, iCloud for Windows 11.0, iCloud for Windows 7.15. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-hwwm-gxjr-wcpw",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:04:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:04:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-8815"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202003-22"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210721"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210723"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210725"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210726"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210727"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210728"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-HWX6-437W-47VV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-11 00:33 – Updated: 2025-05-11 00:33libpspp-core.a in GNU PSPP through 2.0.1 allows attackers to cause a heap-based buffer overflow in inflate_read (called indirectly from zip_member_read_all) in zip-reader.c.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-47815"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-10T22:15:20Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "libpspp-core.a in GNU PSPP through 2.0.1 allows attackers to cause a heap-based buffer overflow in inflate_read (called indirectly from zip_member_read_all) in zip-reader.c.",
"id": "GHSA-hwx6-437w-47vv",
"modified": "2025-05-11T00:33:45Z",
"published": "2025-05-11T00:33:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47815"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?67075"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HWXC-47W3-HFX5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:51 – Updated: 2026-05-12 12:31An issue was discovered in Das U-Boot through 2019.07. There is a stack-based buffer overflow in this nfs_handler reply helper function: nfs_readlink_reply.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-14202"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-07-31T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Das U-Boot through 2019.07. There is a stack-based buffer overflow in this nfs_handler reply helper function: nfs_readlink_reply.",
"id": "GHSA-hwxc-47w3-hfx5",
"modified": "2026-05-12T12:31:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:51:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-14202"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.semmle.com/uboot-rce-nfs-vulnerability"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-577017.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/u-boot/u-boot"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HWXM-RGW2-8633
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-14 18:31 – Updated: 2026-01-14 18:31TinyOS versions up to and including 2.1.2 contain a global buffer overflow vulnerability in the printfUART formatted output implementation used within the ZigBee / IEEE 802.15.4 networking stack. The implementation formats output into a fixed-size global buffer and concatenates strings for %s format specifiers using strcat() without verifying remaining buffer capacity. When printfUART is invoked with a caller-controlled string longer than the available space, the unbounded sprintf/strcat sequence writes past the end of debugbuf, resulting in global memory corruption. This can cause denial of service, unintended behavior, or information disclosure via corrupted adjacent global state or UART output.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-22211"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-14T16:15:56Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "TinyOS versions up to and including 2.1.2 contain a global buffer overflow vulnerability in the printfUART formatted output implementation used within the ZigBee / IEEE 802.15.4 networking stack. The implementation formats output into a fixed-size global buffer and concatenates strings for %s format specifiers using strcat() without verifying remaining buffer capacity. When printfUART is invoked with a caller-controlled string longer than the available space, the unbounded sprintf/strcat sequence writes past the end of debugbuf, resulting in global memory corruption. This can cause denial of service, unintended behavior, or information disclosure via corrupted adjacent global state or UART output.",
"id": "GHSA-hwxm-rgw2-8633",
"modified": "2026-01-14T18:31:37Z",
"published": "2026-01-14T18:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-22211"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tinyos/tinyos-main"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2026/Jan/14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tinyos-global-buffer-overflow-in-printfuart"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.