Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15107 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-PMH9-V5QM-XH48
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-28 00:01 – Updated: 2022-02-03 00:00
VLAI
Details
Cesanta MJS v2.20.0 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libasan.so.4+0xaff53.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-46522"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-01-27T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cesanta MJS v2.20.0 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libasan.so.4+0xaff53.",
"id": "GHSA-pmh9-v5qm-xh48",
"modified": "2022-02-03T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-01-28T00:01:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46522"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cesanta/mjs/issues/196"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-PMJ4-Q5F6-462C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:11 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:11
VLAI
Details
In asf extractor, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android SoCAndroid ID: A-187231635
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0573"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-17T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In asf extractor, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android SoCAndroid ID: A-187231635",
"id": "GHSA-pmj4-q5f6-462c",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:11:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:11:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0573"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2021-08-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-PMJ5-X56H-H2F3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-13 00:01 – Updated: 2022-07-16 00:00
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability has been identified in PADS Standard/Plus Viewer (All versions). The affected application contains an out of bounds write past the end of an allocated structure while parsing specially crafted PCB files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process. (FG-VD-22-040)
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-34275"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-12T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in PADS Standard/Plus Viewer (All versions). The affected application contains an out of bounds write past the end of an allocated structure while parsing specially crafted PCB files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process. (FG-VD-22-040)",
"id": "GHSA-pmj5-x56h-h2f3",
"modified": "2022-07-16T00:00:22Z",
"published": "2022-07-13T00:01:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-34275"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-439148.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMJ8-X3XV-95RQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-16 21:31 – Updated: 2025-01-17 18:31
VLAI
Details
Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the firewallEn parameter in the formSetFirewallCfg function.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-57581"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-120",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-16T21:15:17Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the firewallEn parameter in the formSetFirewallCfg function.",
"id": "GHSA-pmj8-x3xv-95rq",
"modified": "2025-01-17T18:31:14Z",
"published": "2025-01-16T21:31:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-57581"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/qijiale/Tenda/tree/main/8"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMJF-334R-5J9J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-07 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-21 18:30
VLAI
Details
The web server used by MikroTik RouterOS version 6 is affected by a heap memory corruption issue. A remote and unauthenticated attacker can corrupt the server's heap memory by sending a crafted HTTP request. As a result, the web interface crashes and is immediately restarted. The issue was fixed in RouterOS 6.49.10 stable. RouterOS version 7 is not affected.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-30800"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-07T16:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The web server used by MikroTik RouterOS version 6 is affected by a heap memory corruption issue. A remote and unauthenticated attacker can corrupt the server\u0027s heap memory by sending a crafted HTTP request. As a result, the web interface crashes and is immediately restarted. The issue was fixed in RouterOS 6.49.10 stable. RouterOS version 7 is not affected.",
"id": "GHSA-pmjf-334r-5j9j",
"modified": "2025-11-21T18:30:27Z",
"published": "2023-09-07T18:30:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-30800"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vulncheck.com/advisories/mikrotik-jsproxy-dos"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMJQ-98WP-VQXV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-15 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-15 00:31
VLAI
Details
Illustrator is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-48337"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T22:17:02Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Illustrator is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-pmjq-98wp-vqxv",
"modified": "2026-07-15T00:31:42Z",
"published": "2026-07-15T00:31:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48337"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/illustrator/apsb26-79.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMJR-WMCH-77WM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-27 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-08 21:30
VLAI
Details
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.2, macOS Monterey 12.6.3, iOS 15.7.3 and iPadOS 15.7.3, tvOS 16.3, watchOS 9.3, iOS 16.3 and iPadOS 16.3. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-23504"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-27T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.2, macOS Monterey 12.6.3, iOS 15.7.3 and iPadOS 15.7.3, tvOS 16.3, watchOS 9.3, iOS 16.3 and iPadOS 16.3. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-pmjr-wmch-77wm",
"modified": "2023-03-08T21:30:24Z",
"published": "2023-02-27T21:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-23504"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213598"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213599"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213601"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213604"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213605"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213606"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMPG-6PWW-FG6Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-14 23:32 – Updated: 2026-06-24 13:10
VLAI
Summary
ImageMagick has out-of-bounds access in ConnectedComponentsImage() via CLI-controlled connected-components:* artifacts
Details
When the connected-components:* define specifies an invalid index and out of bound operation will result in an access violation.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-56370"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-14T23:32:35Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "When the `connected-components:*` define specifies an invalid index and out of bound operation will result in an access violation.",
"id": "GHSA-pmpg-6pww-fg6q",
"modified": "2026-06-24T13:10:04Z",
"published": "2026-04-14T23:32:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-pmpg-6pww-fg6q"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ImageMagick has out-of-bounds access in ConnectedComponentsImage() via CLI-controlled connected-components:* artifacts"
}
GHSA-PMPM-W6CF-W2P8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-04 12:30 – Updated: 2025-09-04 12:30
VLAI
Details
A weakness has been identified in D-Link DI-8400 16.07.26A1. The affected element is the function yyxz_dlink_asp of the file /yyxz.asp. This manipulation of the argument ID causes stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-9938"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-04T10:42:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A weakness has been identified in D-Link DI-8400 16.07.26A1. The affected element is the function yyxz_dlink_asp of the file /yyxz.asp. This manipulation of the argument ID causes stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited.",
"id": "GHSA-pmpm-w6cf-w2p8",
"modified": "2025-09-04T12:30:43Z",
"published": "2025-09-04T12:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9938"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZZ2266/.github.io/tree/main/Dlink/DI-8400/yyxz.asp"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZZ2266/.github.io/tree/main/Dlink/DI-8400/yyxz.asp#proof-of-concept-poc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.322340"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.322340"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.643446"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMQ2-7WM2-2J2F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-29 21:30 – Updated: 2023-04-04 21:30
VLAI
Details
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation 10.16.02.034 CONNECT. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of JP2 images. Crafted data in a JP2 file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-16202.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28300"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-29T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation 10.16.02.034 CONNECT. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of JP2 images. Crafted data in a JP2 file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-16202.",
"id": "GHSA-pmq2-7wm2-2j2f",
"modified": "2023-04-04T21:30:17Z",
"published": "2023-03-29T21:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.bentley.com/en/common-vulnerability-exposure/be-2022-0007"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-592"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.