Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15122 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-Q344-2H3J-JFP5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:49 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:13
VLAI
Details
In MakeMPEG4VideoCodecSpecificData of AVIExtractor.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: Android. Versions: Android-7.0 Android-7.1.1 Android-7.1.2 Android-8.0 Android-8.1. Android ID: A-130651570.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-2109"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-07-08T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In MakeMPEG4VideoCodecSpecificData of AVIExtractor.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: Android. Versions: Android-7.0 Android-7.1.1 Android-7.1.2 Android-8.0 Android-8.1. Android ID: A-130651570.",
"id": "GHSA-q344-2h3j-jfp5",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:13:02Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:49:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-2109"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2019-07-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q35W-7696-FC7R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-18 00:30 – Updated: 2022-11-23 18:30
VLAI
Details
A malformed packet containing an invalid destination address, causes a stack overflow in the Ember ZNet stack. This causes an assert which leads to a reset, immediately clearing the error.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-24939"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-18T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A malformed packet containing an invalid destination address, causes a stack overflow in the Ember ZNet stack. This causes an assert which leads to a reset, immediately clearing the error.",
"id": "GHSA-q35w-7696-fc7r",
"modified": "2022-11-23T18:30:28Z",
"published": "2022-11-18T00:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24939"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/SiliconLabs/gecko_sdk"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://siliconlabs.lightning.force.com/sfc/servlet.shepherd/document/download/0698Y00000IWDCwQAP?operationContext=S1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q36V-X9XM-F2J9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:28 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:28
VLAI
Details
In kbd_keycode of keyboard.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-144161459
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-0431"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-09-17T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In kbd_keycode of keyboard.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-144161459",
"id": "GHSA-q36v-x9xm-f2j9",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:28:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:28:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0431"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2020-09-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-10/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-10/msg00021.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-Q38F-WWQQ-RR3V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-25 21:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30
VLAI
Details
A out-of-bounds write flaw was found in the xorg-x11-server. This issue occurs due to an incorrect calculation of a buffer offset when copying data stored in the heap in the XIChangeDeviceProperty function in Xi/xiproperty.c and in RRChangeOutputProperty function in randr/rrproperty.c, allowing for possible escalation of privileges or denial of service.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-5367"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-25T20:15:18Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A out-of-bounds write flaw was found in the xorg-x11-server. This issue occurs due to an incorrect calculation of a buffer offset when copying data stored in the heap in the XIChangeDeviceProperty function in Xi/xiproperty.c and in RRChangeOutputProperty function in randr/rrproperty.c, allowing for possible escalation of privileges or denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-q38f-wwqq-rr3v",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:47Z",
"published": "2023-10-25T21:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-5367"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:6802"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2243091"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/10/msg00036.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2WS5E7H4A5J3U5YBCTMRPQVGWK5LVH7D"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3RK66CXMXO3PCPDU3GDY5FK4UYHUXQJT"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4YBK3I6SETHETBHDETFWM3VSZUQICIDV"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/AKKIE626TZOOPD533EYN47J4RFNHZVOP"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/HO2Q2NP6R62ZRQQG3XQ4AXUT7J2EKKKY"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/L2RMNR4235YXZZQ2X7Q4MTOZDMZ7BBQU"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SEDJN4VFN57K5POOC7BNVD6L6WUUCSG6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SN6KV4XGQJRVAOSM5C3CWMVAXO53COIP"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TJXNI4BXURC2BKPNAHFJK3C5ZETB7PER"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.x.org/archives/xorg-announce/2023-October/003430.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202401-30"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20231130-0004"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5534"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:6808"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7373"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7388"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7405"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7428"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7436"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7526"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7533"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:0010"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:0128"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:2169"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:2170"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:2995"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:2996"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:12751"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-5367"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q396-V2JQ-CJ35
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:23 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:23
VLAI
Details
RasterImage.cpp in Mozilla Firefox before 27.0, Firefox ESR 24.x before 24.3, Thunderbird before 24.3, and SeaMonkey before 2.24 does not prevent access to discarded data, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (incorrect write operations) via crafted image data, as demonstrated by Goo Create.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-1482"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-02-06T05:44:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "RasterImage.cpp in Mozilla Firefox before 27.0, Firefox ESR 24.x before 24.3, Thunderbird before 24.3, and SeaMonkey before 2.24 does not prevent access to discarded data, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (incorrect write operations) via crafted image data, as demonstrated by Goo Create.",
"id": "GHSA-q396-v2jq-cj35",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:23:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:23:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-1482"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://8pecxstudios.com/?page_id=44080"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=943803"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/90894"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201504-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://download.novell.com/Download?buildid=VYQsgaFpQ2k"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://download.novell.com/Download?buildid=Y2fux-JW1Qc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2014-February/127966.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2014-February/129218.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2014-02/msg00004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2014-02/msg00005.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2014-02/msg00010.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2014-03/msg00017.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/102868"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2014-0132.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2014-0133.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56706"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56761"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56763"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56767"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56787"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56858"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56888"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56922"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2014/dsa-2858"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mozilla.org/security/announce/2014/mfsa2014-04.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/bulletinapr2016-2952098.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/65328"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1029717"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1029720"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1029721"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2102-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2102-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2119-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q39F-3R53-9H2G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-09 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-15 00:00
VLAI
Details
H3C Magic R100 R100V100R005 was discovered to contain a stack overflow vulnerability via the Edit_BasicSSID parameter at /goform/aspForm.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-30920"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-08T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "H3C Magic R100 R100V100R005 was discovered to contain a stack overflow vulnerability via the Edit_BasicSSID parameter at /goform/aspForm.",
"id": "GHSA-q39f-3r53-9h2g",
"modified": "2022-06-15T00:00:21Z",
"published": "2022-06-09T00:00:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30920"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/EPhaha/IOT_vuln/tree/main/H3C/magicR100/12"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q39G-9VC8-76VG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-11 21:30 – Updated: 2025-11-11 21:30
VLAI
Details
Format Plugins versions 1.1.1 and earlier are affected by a Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-61837"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-11T19:15:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Format Plugins versions 1.1.1 and earlier are affected by a Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-q39g-9vc8-76vg",
"modified": "2025-11-11T21:30:27Z",
"published": "2025-11-11T21:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61837"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/formatplugins/apsb25-114.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q39Q-7726-RG48
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-23 00:30 – Updated: 2022-12-30 03:30
VLAI
Details
A heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the way OpenImageIO v2.3.19.0 processes RLE encoded BMP images. A specially-crafted bmp file can write to arbitrary out of bounds memory, which can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-38143"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-123",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-22T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the way OpenImageIO v2.3.19.0 processes RLE encoded BMP images. A specially-crafted bmp file can write to arbitrary out of bounds memory, which can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-q39q-7726-rg48",
"modified": "2022-12-30T03:30:19Z",
"published": "2022-12-23T00:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-38143"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/T3LET4MEPBSBJZK4EMLEBY4FUXKU5BMN"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-33"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1630"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q3CP-H2HV-R3MF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-25 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-28 00:00
VLAI
Details
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Monterey 12.5. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-32796"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-23T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Monterey 12.5. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-q3cp-h2hv-r3mf",
"modified": "2022-09-28T00:00:19Z",
"published": "2022-09-25T00:00:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32796"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213345"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q3CQ-46X3-3MXJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:12 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:30
VLAI
Details
XMP Toolkit version 2020.1 (and earlier) is affected by a memory corruption vulnerability, potentially resulting in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-36046"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787",
"CWE-788"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-01T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "XMP Toolkit version 2020.1 (and earlier) is affected by a memory corruption vulnerability, potentially resulting in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-q3cq-46x3-3mxj",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:30:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:12:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36046"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/xmpcore/apsb21-65.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/09/msg00032.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00003.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.