Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15126 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-Q43H-97F8-XHCW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-23 18:30
VLAI
Details
Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_auth, at 0x9d015478, the value for the pwd key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x2b0.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16260"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_auth, at 0x9d015478, the value for the `pwd` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x2b0`.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-q43h-97f8-xhcw",
"modified": "2023-01-23T18:30:20Z",
"published": "2023-01-12T00:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16260"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q43R-9CG8-M76Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-25 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:41
VLAI
Details
VMware Workstation and Fusion contain an out-of-bounds read/write vulnerability in SCSI CD/DVD device emulation.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-20872"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-25T21:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "VMware Workstation and Fusion contain an out-of-bounds read/write vulnerability in SCSI CD/DVD device emulation.",
"id": "GHSA-q43r-9cg8-m76q",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:41:12Z",
"published": "2023-04-25T21:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20872"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2023-0008.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q443-QGFV-3FPG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 19:24 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:31
VLAI
Details
A CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability exists that could cause sensitive information leakage when accessing a malicious web page from the commissioning software. Affected Products: SoMachine HVAC(V2.1.0 and prior), EcoStruxure Machine Expert – HVAC(V1.4.0 and prior).
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-2988"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-30T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability exists that could cause sensitive information leakage when accessing a malicious web page from the commissioning software. Affected Products: SoMachine HVAC(V2.1.0 and prior), EcoStruxure Machine Expert \u2013 HVAC(V1.4.0 and prior).",
"id": "GHSA-q443-qgfv-3fpg",
"modified": "2024-04-04T05:31:53Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T19:24:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2988"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2023-010-01\u0026p_enDocType=Security+and+Safety+Notice\u0026p_File_Name=SEVD-2023-010-01_EcoStruxure_Machine_Expert_Machine_HVAC_Security_Notification.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q449-7G73-X9HF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:19 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:19
VLAI
Details
In Mini-XML (aka mxml) v2.12, there is stack-based buffer overflow in the scan_file function in mxmldoc.c.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-20593"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-12-30T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Mini-XML (aka mxml) v2.12, there is stack-based buffer overflow in the scan_file function in mxmldoc.c.",
"id": "GHSA-q449-7g73-x9hf",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:19:55Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:19:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-20593"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/michaelrsweet/mxml/issues/237"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ntu-sec/pocs/blob/master/mxml-53c75b0/crashes/so_mxmldoc.c:2971_1.txt.err"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ntu-sec/pocs/blob/master/mxml-53c75b0/crashes/so_mxmldoc.c:2987_1.txt.err"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/N53IJHDYR5HVQLKH4J6B27OEQLGKSGY5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/RNWF6BAU7S42O4LE4B74KIMHFE2HDNMI"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q452-QM55-V79X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:03 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:03
VLAI
Details
Stack-based buffer overflow in the loadit function in plug-ins/common/sphere-designer.c in the SPHERE DESIGNER plugin in GIMP 2.6.11 allows user-assisted remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a long "Number of lights" field in a plugin configuration file. NOTE: it may be uncommon to obtain a GIMP plugin configuration file from an untrusted source that is separate from the distribution of the plugin itself.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-4541"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2011-01-07T20:00:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in the loadit function in plug-ins/common/sphere-designer.c in the SPHERE DESIGNER plugin in GIMP 2.6.11 allows user-assisted remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a long \"Number of lights\" field in a plugin configuration file. NOTE: it may be uncommon to obtain a GIMP plugin configuration file from an untrusted source that is separate from the distribution of the plugin itself.",
"id": "GHSA-q452-qm55-v79x",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:03:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:03:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-4541"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2011:0837"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2011:0838"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2011:0839"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2010-4541"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=666793"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=703403"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/64581"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=608497"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2011-04/msg00000.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2011/01/03/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2011/01/04/7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/70281"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/42771"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/44750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/48236"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/50737"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://security.gentoo.org/glsa/glsa-201209-23.xml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2012/dsa-2426"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2011:103"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2011-0837.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2011-0838.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2011-0839.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0016"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-Q45F-GGXW-3QQ8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-21 15:32 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:36
VLAI
Details
Incorrect boundary conditions in the WebRTC component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 150 and Firefox ESR 140.10.
Severity
7.3 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-6753"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-21T13:16:21Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Incorrect boundary conditions in the WebRTC component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 150 and Firefox ESR 140.10.",
"id": "GHSA-q45f-ggxw-3qq8",
"modified": "2026-06-30T03:36:21Z",
"published": "2026-04-21T15:32:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6753"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19464"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19466"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19467"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19468"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19469"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19542"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19655"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19704"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-6753"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2027501"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2460092"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-6753.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-30"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-32"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-33"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-34"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:10757"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:10766"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:10767"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:12285"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13537"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:15892"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17477"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17687"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17688"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17689"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17690"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19041"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19131"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19201"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19348"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19462"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19463"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q45P-956J-XPQ2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-06 21:31 – Updated: 2026-05-07 01:05
VLAI
Details
Out of bounds write in Skia in Google Chrome prior to 148.0.7778.96 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
Severity
8.3 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-7923"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-06T19:16:40Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out of bounds write in Skia in Google Chrome prior to 148.0.7778.96 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
"id": "GHSA-q45p-956j-xpq2",
"modified": "2026-05-07T01:05:50Z",
"published": "2026-05-06T21:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-7923"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/500080194"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q466-5H8J-2H26
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-11 15:30 – Updated: 2026-02-11 15:30
VLAI
Details
Improper input validation in AMD Graphics Driver could allow a local attacker to write out of bounds, potentially resulting in loss of integrity or denial of service.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-48518"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T15:16:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper input validation in AMD Graphics Driver could allow a local attacker to write out of bounds, potentially resulting in loss of integrity or denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-q466-5h8j-2h26",
"modified": "2026-02-11T15:30:27Z",
"published": "2026-02-11T15:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48518"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/AMD-SB-6024.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q47P-3J9C-7JR3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-17 09:30 – Updated: 2024-01-17 09:30
VLAI
Details
This vulnerability exist in Skyworth Router CM5100, version 4.1.1.24, due to insufficient validation of user supplied input for the Add Downstream Frequency parameter at its web interface. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by supplying specially crafted input to the parameter at the web interface of the vulnerable targeted system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow the attacker to perform a Denial of Service (DoS) attack on the targeted system.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-51742"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-17T08:15:38Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "This vulnerability exist in Skyworth Router CM5100, version 4.1.1.24, due to insufficient validation of user supplied input for the Add Downstream Frequency parameter at its web interface. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by supplying specially crafted input to the parameter at the web interface of the vulnerable targeted system. \n\nSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow the attacker to perform a Denial of Service (DoS) attack on the targeted system.\n",
"id": "GHSA-q47p-3j9c-7jr3",
"modified": "2024-01-17T09:30:22Z",
"published": "2024-01-17T09:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-51742"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cert-in.org.in/s2cMainServlet?pageid=PUBVLNOTES01\u0026VLCODE=CIVN-2024-0013"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q48M-46MP-MHCX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-12 00:01 – Updated: 2023-05-27 06:30
VLAI
Details
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in MP4Box in GPAC 1.0.1 via the gp_rtp_builder_do_mpeg12_video function, which allows attackers to possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted file in the MP4Box command,
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-36412"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-01-10T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in MP4Box in GPAC 1.0.1 via the gp_rtp_builder_do_mpeg12_video function, which allows attackers to possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted file in the MP4Box command,",
"id": "GHSA-q48m-46mp-mhcx",
"modified": "2023-05-27T06:30:37Z",
"published": "2022-01-12T00:01:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36412"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/gpac/gpac/issues/1838"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5411"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.