Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15132 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-QGW7-H965-2GP6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-05 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-17 00:03
VLAI
Details
There is a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in the formSetPPTPServer function of Tenda-AX3 router V16.03.12.10_CN. The v13 variable is directly retrieved from the http request parameter startIp. Then v13 will be splice to stack by function sscanf without any security check, which causes stack overflow. By POSTing the page /goform/SetPptpServerCfg with proper startIp, the attacker can easily perform remote code execution with carefully crafted overflow data.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-46394"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-04T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "There is a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in the formSetPPTPServer function of Tenda-AX3 router V16.03.12.10_CN. The v13 variable is directly retrieved from the http request parameter startIp. Then v13 will be splice to stack by function sscanf without any security check, which causes stack overflow. By POSTing the page /goform/SetPptpServerCfg with proper startIp, the attacker can easily perform remote code execution with carefully crafted overflow data.",
"id": "GHSA-qgw7-h965-2gp6",
"modified": "2022-03-17T00:03:33Z",
"published": "2022-03-05T00:00:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46394"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sec-bin/IoT-CVE/tree/main/Tenda/AX3/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGWM-GJ8X-JV68
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:37 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:37
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in Adobe Acrobat Reader 2018.009.20050 and earlier versions, 2017.011.30070 and earlier versions, 2015.006.30394 and earlier versions. The vulnerability is caused by the computation that writes data past the end of the intended buffer; the computation is part of the image conversion module that handless TIFF data. An attacker can potentially leverage the vulnerability to corrupt sensitive data or execute arbitrary code.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-4916"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-02-27T05:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Adobe Acrobat Reader 2018.009.20050 and earlier versions, 2017.011.30070 and earlier versions, 2015.006.30394 and earlier versions. The vulnerability is caused by the computation that writes data past the end of the intended buffer; the computation is part of the image conversion module that handless TIFF data. An attacker can potentially leverage the vulnerability to corrupt sensitive data or execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-qgwm-gj8x-jv68",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:37:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:37:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-4916"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb18-02.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-18-209"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102994"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040364"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGWV-XWCW-8VXJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-17 18:33 – Updated: 2025-01-29 18:31
VLAI
Details
A maliciously crafted DWFX file, when parsed through Autodesk Navisworks, can force an Out-of-Bounds Write vulnerability. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, cause data corruption, or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-12193"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-17T16:15:24Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A maliciously crafted DWFX file, when parsed through Autodesk Navisworks, can force an Out-of-Bounds Write vulnerability. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, cause data corruption, or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-qgwv-xwcw-8vxj",
"modified": "2025-01-29T18:31:20Z",
"published": "2024-12-17T18:33:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-12193"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2024-0027"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2024-0027"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGX2-CVJX-6VHF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:40 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:40
VLAI
Details
In vpu, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Product: Android; Versions: Android-11; Patch ID: ALPS05349201.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0348"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-04T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In vpu, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Product: Android; Versions: Android-11; Patch ID: ALPS05349201.",
"id": "GHSA-qgx2-cvjx-6vhf",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:40:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:40:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0348"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-acknowledgements"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-QGXQ-RQX9-RV87
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:33 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:33
VLAI
Details
Acrobat Pro DC versions 2020.012.20048 (and earlier), 2020.001.30005 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30175 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in writing past the end of an allocated memory structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. This vulnerability requires user interaction to exploit in that the victim must open a malicious document.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-24436"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-05T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Acrobat Pro DC versions 2020.012.20048 (and earlier), 2020.001.30005 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30175 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in writing past the end of an allocated memory structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. This vulnerability requires user interaction to exploit in that the victim must open a malicious document.",
"id": "GHSA-qgxq-rqx9-rv87",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:33:13Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:33:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-24436"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb20-67.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-20-1355"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-QGXW-CQ34-WV65
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-07 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-14 00:00
VLAI
Details
In power service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS06419106; Issue ID: ALPS06419077.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-21759"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-06T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In power service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS06419106; Issue ID: ALPS06419077.",
"id": "GHSA-qgxw-cq34-wv65",
"modified": "2022-06-14T00:00:25Z",
"published": "2022-06-07T00:00:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21759"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/June-2022"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QH3H-3QGQ-CXV8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-07 15:30 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:36
VLAI
Details
Incorrect boundary conditions in the Graphics: WebGPU component. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 149.0.2.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-5733"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-07T13:16:47Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Incorrect boundary conditions in the Graphics: WebGPU component. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 149.0.2.",
"id": "GHSA-qh3h-3qgq-cxv8",
"modified": "2026-06-30T03:36:09Z",
"published": "2026-04-07T15:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5733"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-5733"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2022554"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2455902"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-5733.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-25"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-28"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QH48-CRF5-RW59
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:08 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:08
VLAI
Details
An issue has been found in function CCITTFaxStream::lookChar in PDF2JSON 0.70 that allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service due to an invalid write of size 2 .
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-19475"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-21T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue has been found in function CCITTFaxStream::lookChar in PDF2JSON 0.70 that allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service due to an invalid write of size 2 .",
"id": "GHSA-qh48-crf5-rw59",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:08:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:08:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-19475"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/flexpaper/pdf2json/issues/36"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-QH4C-H6PF-Q28G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:18 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:18
VLAI
Details
Microsoft Edge in Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709, and Windows Server 2016 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user, due to how the scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka "Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability". This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0758, CVE-2018-0762, CVE-2018-0768, CVE-2018-0769, CVE-2018-0770, CVE-2018-0772, CVE-2018-0773, CVE-2018-0774, CVE-2018-0775, CVE-2018-0777, CVE-2018-0778, and CVE-2018-0781.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-0776"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-01-04T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Microsoft Edge in Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709, and Windows Server 2016 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user, due to how the scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka \"Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability\". This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0758, CVE-2018-0762, CVE-2018-0768, CVE-2018-0769, CVE-2018-0770, CVE-2018-0772, CVE-2018-0773, CVE-2018-0774, CVE-2018-0775, CVE-2018-0777, CVE-2018-0778, and CVE-2018-0781.",
"id": "GHSA-qh4c-h6pf-q28g",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:18:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:18:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-0776"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-0776"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43723"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102401"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040100"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QH56-2PPP-52X2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-26 21:30 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:36
VLAI
Details
Memory safety bugs present in Firefox ESR 140.9, Thunderbird ESR 140.9, Firefox 149 and Thunderbird 149. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 150, Firefox ESR 140.10, Thunderbird 150, and Thunderbird 140.10.
Severity
8.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-6786"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-26T19:53:39Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Memory safety bugs present in Firefox ESR 140.9, Thunderbird ESR 140.9, Firefox 149 and Thunderbird 149. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 150, Firefox ESR 140.10, Thunderbird 150, and Thunderbird 140.10.",
"id": "GHSA-qh56-2ppp-52x2",
"modified": "2026-06-30T03:36:25Z",
"published": "2026-04-26T21:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6786"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19464"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19466"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19467"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19468"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19469"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19542"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19655"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19704"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-6786"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=2010727%2C2019004%2C2019224%2C2019547%2C2020378%2C2022381%2C2022608%2C2022785%2C2023120%2C2023128%2C2023140%2C2023279%2C2023836%2C2023882%2C2023925%2C2023950%2C2023959%2C2023965%2C2024243%2C2024245%2C2024247%2C2024253%2C2024346%2C2024357%2C2024416%2C2024420%2C2024429%2C2024432%2C2024455%2C2024466%2C2024468%2C2024476%2C2024664%2C2024666%2C2024669%2C2024670%2C2024671%2C2024761%2C2024918%2C2025292%2C2025332%2C2025348%2C2025384%2C2025395%2C2025458%2C2025461%2C2025463%2C2025481%2C2025483%2C2025485%2C2025494%2C2025506%2C2025511%2C2025513%2C2025520%2C2026277%2C2026282%2C2026288%2C2026289%2C2026311%2C2026312%2C2026869%2C2027152%2C2027161%2C2027238%2C2027261%2C2027269%2C2027274%2C2027280%2C2027281%2C2027300%2C2027302%2C2027331%2C2027339%2C2027340%2C2027738%2C2027975%2C2028000%2C2028011%2C2028289%2C2028525%2C2028728%2C2028887%2C2028888%2C2028896%2C2029063%2C2029064%2C2029290%2C2029291%2C2029294%2C2029300%2C2029304%2C2029316%2C2029317%2C2029401%2C2029415%2C2029430%2C2029457%2C2029727%2C2029735%2C2029743%2C2029752%2C2029754%2C2029776%2C2029809%2C2030324%2C2030370"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2460088"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-6786.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-30"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-32"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-33"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-34"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:10757"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:10766"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:10767"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:12285"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13537"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:15892"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17477"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17687"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17688"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17689"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17690"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19041"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19131"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19201"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19348"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19462"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19463"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.