Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15134 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-QJP6-92PC-4MC7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2026-07-05 00:31
VLAI
Details
A heap based buffer overflow vulnerability exits in GNU LibreDWG 0.10 via bit_read_RC ../../src/bits.c:318.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-21843"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-17T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A heap based buffer overflow vulnerability exits in GNU LibreDWG 0.10 via bit_read_RC ../../src/bits.c:318.",
"id": "GHSA-qjp6-92pc-4mc7",
"modified": "2026-07-05T00:31:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:02:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-21843"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LibreDWG/libredwg/issues/188#issuecomment-574493857"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://gnu.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QJPG-5HX2-G69J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-21 18:30 – Updated: 2024-10-29 18:30
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/v3d: Prevent out of bounds access in performance query extensions
Check that the number of perfmons userspace is passing in the copy and reset extensions is not greater than the internal kernel storage where the ids will be copied into.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-49984"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-21T18:15:18Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/v3d: Prevent out of bounds access in performance query extensions\n\nCheck that the number of perfmons userspace is passing in the copy and\nreset extensions is not greater than the internal kernel storage where\nthe ids will be copied into.",
"id": "GHSA-qjpg-5hx2-g69j",
"modified": "2024-10-29T18:30:35Z",
"published": "2024-10-21T18:30:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49984"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3e50d72abe50204c7b19784a66e86da29dde32c2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/73ad583bd4938bf37d2709fc36901eb6f22f2722"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d9536f16be3970c170571efa707c13cd089c774e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f32b5128d2c440368b5bf3a7a356823e235caabb"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QJPW-C5XF-G33J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-25 00:00 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.6.1 and iPadOS 15.6.1, macOS Monterey 12.5.1, Safari 15.6.1. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-32893"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-24T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.6.1 and iPadOS 15.6.1, macOS Monterey 12.5.1, Safari 15.6.1. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited.",
"id": "GHSA-qjpw-c5xf-g33j",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:35Z",
"published": "2022-08-25T00:00:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32893"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/08/msg00019.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7SETAAXEPGNBMYKTUDFEZHS5LGSQ64QL"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/YKJGV2EXVMYQW3OAJNI4WUTKKVMD2YYK"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7SETAAXEPGNBMYKTUDFEZHS5LGSQ64QL"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/YKJGV2EXVMYQW3OAJNI4WUTKKVMD2YYK"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-39"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213412"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213413"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213414"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-32893"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5219"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5220"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Aug/16"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/49"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/08/25/5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/08/26/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/08/29/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/08/29/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/09/02/10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/09/13/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QJQJ-4CQ6-6F2F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-25 18:30 – Updated: 2024-06-10 18:30
VLAI
Details
A remote code execution vulnerability was found in Shim. The Shim boot support trusts attacker-controlled values when parsing an HTTP response. This flaw allows an attacker to craft a specific malicious HTTP request, leading to a completely controlled out-of-bounds write primitive and complete system compromise.
Severity
8.3 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-40547"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-346",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-25T16:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability was found in Shim. The Shim boot support trusts attacker-controlled values when parsing an HTTP response. This flaw allows an attacker to craft a specific malicious HTTP request, leading to a completely controlled out-of-bounds write primitive and complete system compromise.",
"id": "GHSA-qjqj-4cq6-6f2f",
"modified": "2024-06-10T18:30:51Z",
"published": "2024-01-25T18:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-40547"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1834"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1835"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1873"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1876"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1883"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1902"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1903"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1959"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:2086"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-40547"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2234589"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/05/msg00009.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/01/26/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QJQQ-JX62-V43M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:07 – Updated: 2022-10-08 00:00
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability has been identified in JT2Go (All versions < V13.2), Teamcenter Visualization (All versions < V13.2). The BMP_Loader.dll library in affected applications lacks proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing BMP files. This could result in a memory corruption condition. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-13342)
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-34306"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-20",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-13T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in JT2Go (All versions \u003c V13.2), Teamcenter Visualization (All versions \u003c V13.2). The BMP_Loader.dll library in affected applications lacks proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing BMP files. This could result in a memory corruption condition. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-13342)",
"id": "GHSA-qjqq-jx62-v43m",
"modified": "2022-10-08T00:00:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:07:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-34306"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-483182.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-835"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QJVF-2FHP-Q8RX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:13 – Updated: 2022-08-22 00:00
VLAI
Details
vim is vulnerable to Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-3770"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-06T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "vim is vulnerable to Heap-based Buffer Overflow",
"id": "GHSA-qjvf-2fhp-q8rx",
"modified": "2022-08-22T00:00:51Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:13:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3770"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/b7081e135a16091c93f6f5f7525a5c58fb7ca9f9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/016ad2f2-07c1-4d14-a8ce-6eed10729365"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/J2CJLY3CF55I2ULG2X4ENXLSXAXYW5J4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/X4FFQARG3LGREPDZRI4C7ERQL3RJKEWQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZFNTMVZCN4TRTTCAXRLVQ7H2P7FYAIZQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-32"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20221124-0003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/10/01/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QJVR-7H9F-927V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-15 12:00 – Updated: 2025-05-14 15:31
VLAI
Details
The Mikrotik RouterOS web server allows memory corruption in releases before Stable 6.38.5 and Long-term 6.37.5, aka Chimay-Red. A remote and unauthenticated user can trigger the vulnerability by sending a crafted HTTP request. An attacker can use this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code on the affected system, as exploited in the wild in mid-2017 and later.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-20149"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-15T02:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The Mikrotik RouterOS web server allows memory corruption in releases before Stable 6.38.5 and Long-term 6.37.5, aka Chimay-Red. A remote and unauthenticated user can trigger the vulnerability by sending a crafted HTTP request. An attacker can use this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code on the affected system, as exploited in the wild in mid-2017 and later.",
"id": "GHSA-qjvr-7h9f-927v",
"modified": "2025-05-14T15:31:31Z",
"published": "2022-10-15T12:00:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-20149"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/BigNerd95/Chimay-Red"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/hajime-botnet-makes-a-comeback-with-massive-scan-for-mikrotik-routers"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QJVW-VHJR-4R9R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-24 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:39
VLAI
Details
mp4v2 v2.0.0 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the mp4v2::impl::MP4StringProperty::~MP4StringProperty() function at src/mp4property.cpp.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-29578"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-24T13:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "mp4v2 v2.0.0 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the mp4v2::impl::MP4StringProperty::~MP4StringProperty() function at src/mp4property.cpp.",
"id": "GHSA-qjvw-vhjr-4r9r",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:39:10Z",
"published": "2023-04-24T15:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-29578"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/TechSmith/mp4v2/issues/74"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/z1r00/fuzz_vuln/blob/main/mp4v2/heap-buffer-overflow/mp4property.cpp/readme.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QJW4-Q3QV-CC24
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30
VLAI
Details
Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the firewall_handler_set function with the old_ip and old_mac variables.
Severity
7.2 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25082"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-06T15:15:12Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the firewall_handler_set function with the old_ip and old_mac variables.",
"id": "GHSA-qjw4-q3qv-cc24",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:34Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25082"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QJW8-8452-9587
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-27 15:31 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:33
VLAI
Details
Memory safety bug present in Firefox ESR 128.10, and Thunderbird 128.10. This bug showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort this could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR < 128.11.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-5269"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-27T13:15:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Memory safety bug present in Firefox ESR 128.10, and Thunderbird 128.10. This bug showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort this could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR \u003c 128.11.",
"id": "GHSA-qjw8-8452-9587",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:33:58Z",
"published": "2025-05-27T15:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5269"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1924108"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00043.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00046.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-44"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-46"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.