Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15602 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-7XRV-XXVM-F2HX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-07 00:01 – Updated: 2022-09-10 00:00
VLAI
Details
tinyexr commit 0647fb3 was discovered to contain a heap-buffer overflow via the component rleUncompress.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-38529"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-06T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "tinyexr commit 0647fb3 was discovered to contain a heap-buffer overflow via the component rleUncompress.",
"id": "GHSA-7xrv-xxvm-f2hx",
"modified": "2022-09-10T00:00:24Z",
"published": "2022-09-07T00:01:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-38529"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/syoyo/tinyexr/issues/169"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7XW2-FQ6V-Q6C9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-16 00:00
VLAI
Details
Adobe Bridge version 12.0.1 (and earlier versions) is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28843"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-15T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Bridge version 12.0.1 (and earlier versions) is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-7xw2-fq6v-q6c9",
"modified": "2022-06-16T00:00:20Z",
"published": "2022-06-16T00:00:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28843"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/bridge/apsb22-25.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7XW9-W465-6X42
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-18 06:30 – Updated: 2026-05-12 12:31
VLAI
Details
This flaw makes curl overflow a heap based buffer in the SOCKS5 proxy handshake.
When curl is asked to pass along the host name to the SOCKS5 proxy to allow that to resolve the address instead of it getting done by curl itself, the maximum length that host name can be is 255 bytes.
If the host name is detected to be longer, curl switches to local name resolving and instead passes on the resolved address only. Due to this bug, the local variable that means "let the host resolve the name" could get the wrong value during a slow SOCKS5 handshake, and contrary to the intention, copy the too long host name to the target buffer instead of copying just the resolved address there.
The target buffer being a heap based buffer, and the host name coming from the URL that curl has been told to operate with.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-38545"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-18T04:15:11Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "This flaw makes curl overflow a heap based buffer in the SOCKS5 proxy\nhandshake.\n\nWhen curl is asked to pass along the host name to the SOCKS5 proxy to allow\nthat to resolve the address instead of it getting done by curl itself, the\nmaximum length that host name can be is 255 bytes.\n\nIf the host name is detected to be longer, curl switches to local name\nresolving and instead passes on the resolved address only. Due to this bug,\nthe local variable that means \"let the host resolve the name\" could get the\nwrong value during a slow SOCKS5 handshake, and contrary to the intention,\ncopy the too long host name to the target buffer instead of copying just the\nresolved address there.\n\nThe target buffer being a heap based buffer, and the host name coming from the\nURL that curl has been told to operate with.",
"id": "GHSA-7xw9-w465-6x42",
"modified": "2026-05-12T12:31:33Z",
"published": "2023-10-18T06:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38545"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.secpod.com/blog/high-severity-heap-buffer-overflow-vulnerability"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214063"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214058"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214057"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214036"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240201-0005"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20231027-0009"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/OGMXNRNSJ4ETDK6FRNU3J7SABXPWCHSQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dbrugman/CVE-2023-38545-POC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/bcdannyboy/CVE-2023-38545"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/UTsweetyfish/CVE-2023-38545"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://forum.vmssoftware.com/viewtopic.php?f=8\u0026t=8868"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2023-38545.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-943925.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-832273.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-507364.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-093430.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Jan/34"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Jan/37"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Jan/38"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7XWW-XH6H-RQHJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-20 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:31
VLAI
Details
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the .egi parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 2.5.0 and Master Branch (ab0ee111). A specially crafted .egi file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-21795"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-20T16:15:08Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the .egi parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 2.5.0 and Master Branch (ab0ee111). A specially crafted .egi file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-7xww-xh6h-rqhj",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:31:10Z",
"published": "2024-02-20T18:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21795"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/OIRLGNQM33KAWVWP5RPMAPHWNP3IY5YW"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-1920"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-1920"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7XXG-V5X5-6WJR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-13 18:31 – Updated: 2026-08-13 18:31
VLAI
Details
The address_standardizer extension for PostGIS through 3.7.0, fixed in commit 423570b, contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that allows a database user with the ability to supply caller-controlled relation names to standardize_address() to trigger memory corruption by providing a rules table with a classification Type value exceeding the fixed class range. Attackers can craft a malicious rules table entry with an oversized rule type value that is used without bounds checking as an index into an internal output-link table, resulting in an out-of-bounds write.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-73514"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-13T16:19:05Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The address_standardizer extension for PostGIS through 3.7.0, fixed in commit 423570b, contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that allows a database user with the ability to supply caller-controlled relation names to standardize_address() to trigger memory corruption by providing a rules table with a classification Type value exceeding the fixed class range. Attackers can craft a malicious rules table entry with an oversized rule type value that is used without bounds checking as an index into an internal output-link table, resulting in an out-of-bounds write.",
"id": "GHSA-7xxg-v5x5-6wjr",
"modified": "2026-08-13T18:31:38Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T18:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-73514"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/postgis/address_standardizer/pull/3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/postgis/address_standardizer/pull/4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/postgis/address_standardizer/commit/423570b0dbf6cd9f6fc36de28a636e7b6e9aa8aa"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mehmetince.net/part-1-6-systemic-risks-in-the-managed-postgresql-industry-extension-risks-are-real-exploiting-postgis-memory-corruption-bug-at-neondb-supabase-and-many-more"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/postgis-address-standardizer-out-of-bounds-write-via-standardize-address"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-7XXH-V6V3-QWGX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:30
VLAI
Details
Memory handling issue in editcap could cause denial of service via crafted capture file
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-4853"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-762",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T15:45:18Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Memory handling issue in editcap could cause denial of service via crafted capture file",
"id": "GHSA-7xxh-v6v3-qwgx",
"modified": "2025-11-04T00:30:48Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T18:30:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4853"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/issues/19724"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/09/msg00049.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/66H2BSENPSIALF2WIZF7M3QBVWYBMFGW"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7MKFJAZDKXGFFQPRDYLX2AANRNMYZZEZ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wireshark.org/security/wnpa-sec-2024-08.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7XXM-JWGJ-V243
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:14 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:14
VLAI
Details
UltraVNC revision 1211 has a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in VNC server code inside file transfer request handler, which can result in Denial of Service (DoS). This attack appears to be exploitable via network connectivity. This vulnerability has been fixed in revision 1212.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-8276"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-03-08T23:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "UltraVNC revision 1211 has a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in VNC server code inside file transfer request handler, which can result in Denial of Service (DoS). This attack appears to be exploitable via network connectivity. This vulnerability has been fixed in revision 1212.",
"id": "GHSA-7xxm-jwgj-v243",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:14:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:14:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-8276"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-927095.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.kaspersky.com/advisories/klcert-advisories/2019/03/01/klcert-19-023-ultravnc-stack-based-buffer-overflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-161-06"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8229-HHM6-4MMC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-25 12:30 – Updated: 2025-03-17 15:31
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
NFS: fix an incorrect limit in filelayout_decode_layout()
The "sizeof(struct nfs_fh)" is two bytes too large and could lead to memory corruption. It should be NFS_MAXFHSIZE because that's the size of the ->data[] buffer.
I reversed the size of the arguments to put the variable on the left.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-47168"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-25T10:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nNFS: fix an incorrect limit in filelayout_decode_layout()\n\nThe \"sizeof(struct nfs_fh)\" is two bytes too large and could lead to\nmemory corruption. It should be NFS_MAXFHSIZE because that\u0027s the size\nof the -\u003edata[] buffer.\n\nI reversed the size of the arguments to put the variable on the left.",
"id": "GHSA-8229-hhm6-4mmc",
"modified": "2025-03-17T15:31:35Z",
"published": "2024-03-25T12:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-47168"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/769b01ea68b6c49dc3cde6adf7e53927dacbd3a8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/945ebef997227ca8c20bad7f8a8358c8ee57a84a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9b367fe770b1b80d7bf64ed0d177544a44405f6e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9d280ab53df1d4a1043bd7a9e7c6a2f9cfbfe040"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b287521e9e94bb342ebe5fd8c3fd7db9aef4e6f1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d34fb628f6ef522f996205a9e578216bbee09e84"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e411df81cd862ef3d5b878120b2a2fef0ca9cdb1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f299522eda1566cbfbae4b15c82970fc41b03714"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-822V-PGR4-6W5G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:10 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:10
VLAI
Details
A malicious webpage could have triggered a use-after-free, memory corruption, and a potentially exploitable crash. This bug could only be triggered when accessibility was enabled.. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 78.12, Firefox ESR < 78.12, and Firefox < 90.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-29970"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-05T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A malicious webpage could have triggered a use-after-free, memory corruption, and a potentially exploitable crash. *This bug could only be triggered when accessibility was enabled.*. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird \u003c 78.12, Firefox ESR \u003c 78.12, and Firefox \u003c 90.",
"id": "GHSA-822v-pgr4-6w5g",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:10:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:10:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-29970"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1709976"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202202-03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-29"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-30"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-822W-MFCX-8JMM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2023-08-17 15:30
VLAI
Details
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in ffjpeg through 2020-07-02 in the jfif_decode(void ctxt, BMP pb) function at ffjpeg/src/jfif.c:513:28, which could cause a denial of service by submitting a malicious jpeg image.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-23851"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-18T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in ffjpeg through 2020-07-02 in the jfif_decode(void *ctxt, BMP *pb) function at ffjpeg/src/jfif.c:513:28, which could cause a denial of service by submitting a malicious jpeg image.",
"id": "GHSA-822w-mfcx-8jmm",
"modified": "2023-08-17T15:30:19Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:02:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-23851"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rockcarry/ffjpeg/issues/27"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.