CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15348 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-C924-P67M-48HP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-01 18:30 – Updated: 2026-07-14 15:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
sched/fair: Fix potential memory corruption in child_cfs_rq_on_list
child_cfs_rq_on_list attempts to convert a 'prev' pointer to a cfs_rq. This 'prev' pointer can originate from struct rq's leaf_cfs_rq_list, making the conversion invalid and potentially leading to memory corruption. Depending on the relative positions of leaf_cfs_rq_list and the task group (tg) pointer within the struct, this can cause a memory fault or access garbage data.
The issue arises in list_add_leaf_cfs_rq, where both cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list and rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list are added to the same leaf list. Also, rq->tmp_alone_branch can be set to rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list.
This adds a check if (prev == &rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list) after the main
conditional in child_cfs_rq_on_list. This ensures that the container_of
operation will convert a correct cfs_rq struct.
This check is sufficient because only cfs_rqs on the same CPU are added to the list, so verifying the 'prev' pointer against the current rq's list head is enough.
Fixes a potential memory corruption issue that due to current struct layout might not be manifesting as a crash but could lead to unpredictable behavior when the layout changes.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21919"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-01T16:15:22Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsched/fair: Fix potential memory corruption in child_cfs_rq_on_list\n\nchild_cfs_rq_on_list attempts to convert a \u0027prev\u0027 pointer to a cfs_rq.\nThis \u0027prev\u0027 pointer can originate from struct rq\u0027s leaf_cfs_rq_list,\nmaking the conversion invalid and potentially leading to memory\ncorruption. Depending on the relative positions of leaf_cfs_rq_list and\nthe task group (tg) pointer within the struct, this can cause a memory\nfault or access garbage data.\n\nThe issue arises in list_add_leaf_cfs_rq, where both\ncfs_rq-\u003eleaf_cfs_rq_list and rq-\u003eleaf_cfs_rq_list are added to the same\nleaf list. Also, rq-\u003etmp_alone_branch can be set to rq-\u003eleaf_cfs_rq_list.\n\nThis adds a check `if (prev == \u0026rq-\u003eleaf_cfs_rq_list)` after the main\nconditional in child_cfs_rq_on_list. This ensures that the container_of\noperation will convert a correct cfs_rq struct.\n\nThis check is sufficient because only cfs_rqs on the same CPU are added\nto the list, so verifying the \u0027prev\u0027 pointer against the current rq\u0027s list\nhead is enough.\n\nFixes a potential memory corruption issue that due to current struct\nlayout might not be manifesting as a crash but could lead to unpredictable\nbehavior when the layout changes.",
"id": "GHSA-c924-p67m-48hp",
"modified": "2026-07-14T15:31:20Z",
"published": "2025-04-01T18:30:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21919"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/000c9ee43928f2ce68a156dd40bab7616256f4dd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3b4035ddbfc8e4521f85569998a7569668cccf51"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5cb300dcdd27e6a351ac02541e0231261c775852"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9cc7f0018609f75a349e42e3aebc3b0e905ba775"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b5741e4b9ef3567613b2351384f91d3f16e59986"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e1dd09df30ba86716cb2ffab97dc35195c01eb8f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C92M-WMF9-QXFW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-25 09:31 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:37In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/amdkfd: Fix buffer overflow in SDMA queue checkpoint/restore on GFX11
The v11 MQD manager incorrectly assigned the CP-compute variants of checkpoint_mqd/restore_mqd for KFD_MQD_TYPE_SDMA queues. These functions use sizeof(struct v11_compute_mqd) (2048 bytes) instead of sizeof(struct v11_sdma_mqd) (512 bytes), causing a 1536-byte overflow.
During CRIU checkpoint of an SDMA queue on Navi3x: - checkpoint_mqd() reads 2048 bytes from a 512-byte SDMA MQD buffer, leaking 1536 bytes of adjacent GTT memory to userspace
During CRIU restore: - restore_mqd() writes 2048 bytes into a 512-byte SDMA MQD buffer, corrupting 1536 bytes of adjacent GTT memory (often the ring buffer or neighboring MQDs)
This is a copy-paste regression unique to v11. All other ASIC backends (cik, vi, v9, v10, v12) correctly use the SDMA-specific variants.
Add checkpoint_mqd_sdma() and restore_mqd_sdma() functions that properly handle the smaller v11_sdma_mqd structure, matching the pattern used in other MQD managers.
(cherry picked from commit 6fa41db7ffdec97d62433adf03b7b9b759af8c2c)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-53143"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-131",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-25T09:16:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/amdkfd: Fix buffer overflow in SDMA queue checkpoint/restore on GFX11\n\nThe v11 MQD manager incorrectly assigned the CP-compute variants of\ncheckpoint_mqd/restore_mqd for KFD_MQD_TYPE_SDMA queues. These functions\nuse sizeof(struct v11_compute_mqd) (2048 bytes) instead of sizeof(struct\nv11_sdma_mqd) (512 bytes), causing a 1536-byte overflow.\n\nDuring CRIU checkpoint of an SDMA queue on Navi3x:\n- checkpoint_mqd() reads 2048 bytes from a 512-byte SDMA MQD buffer,\n leaking 1536 bytes of adjacent GTT memory to userspace\n\nDuring CRIU restore:\n- restore_mqd() writes 2048 bytes into a 512-byte SDMA MQD buffer,\n corrupting 1536 bytes of adjacent GTT memory (often the ring buffer\n or neighboring MQDs)\n\nThis is a copy-paste regression unique to v11. All other ASIC backends\n(cik, vi, v9, v10, v12) correctly use the SDMA-specific variants.\n\nAdd checkpoint_mqd_sdma() and restore_mqd_sdma() functions that properly\nhandle the smaller v11_sdma_mqd structure, matching the pattern used in\nother MQD managers.\n\n(cherry picked from commit 6fa41db7ffdec97d62433adf03b7b9b759af8c2c)",
"id": "GHSA-c92m-wmf9-qxfw",
"modified": "2026-06-30T03:37:13Z",
"published": "2026-06-25T09:31:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53143"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-53143"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2492719"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/16dad1fb0d783a4008de30e32d0038c393de05b1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c5b66c9b4057b385566940935ebc32f6e6ebfd2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/352ea59028ea48a6fff77f19ae28f98f71946a80"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d02f05d30f35b036f7cbaf72de634affb5b38ec6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d3efcadfe3eea5b4263b8f2d4463b15c9fc46a64"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-53143.json"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C93M-PVX8-6MC2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-20 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-22 00:00Tenda AC21 V16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /bin/httpd, function: fromSetWifiGusetBasic.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-40076"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-19T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda AC21 V16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /bin/httpd, function: fromSetWifiGusetBasic.",
"id": "GHSA-c93m-pvx8-6mc2",
"modified": "2022-09-22T00:00:29Z",
"published": "2022-09-20T00:00:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40076"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xxy1126/Vuln/tree/main/Tenda%20AC21/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C94X-M5F4-GHH7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:38 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:38SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer, version - 9, allows a user to open manipulated RLE file received from untrusted sources which results in crashing of the application and becoming temporarily unavailable until the user restarts the application, this is caused due to Improper Input Validation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21454"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-12T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer, version - 9, allows a user to open manipulated RLE file received from untrusted sources which results in crashing of the application and becoming temporarily unavailable until the user restarts the application, this is caused due to Improper Input Validation.",
"id": "GHSA-c94x-m5f4-ghh7",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:38:53Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:38:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21454"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://i7p.wdf.sap.corp/sap/support/notes/3002617"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/3002617"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=564760476"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-008"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-C96X-C679-GX9J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-11 00:02 – Updated: 2022-03-17 00:01A stack overflow bug in the document extractor in Mattermost Server in versions up to and including 6.3.2 allows an attacker to crash the server via submitting a maliciously crafted Apple Pages document.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-0904"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-10T17:45:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A stack overflow bug in the document extractor in Mattermost Server in versions up to and including 6.3.2 allows an attacker to crash the server via submitting a maliciously crafted Apple Pages document.",
"id": "GHSA-c96x-c679-gx9j",
"modified": "2022-03-17T00:01:34Z",
"published": "2022-03-11T00:02:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-0904"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mattermost.com/security-updates"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C974-GVQH-PRJ7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-20 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-23 00:00OTFCC commit 617837b was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via /release-x64/otfccdump+0x6b544e.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35069"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-19T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "OTFCC commit 617837b was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via /release-x64/otfccdump+0x6b544e.",
"id": "GHSA-c974-gvqh-prj7",
"modified": "2022-09-23T00:00:43Z",
"published": "2022-09-20T00:00:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35069"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1MRrjkDzgaSXPuA994xggZcEAH-QfAvXK/view?usp=sharing"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Cvjark/Poc/blob/main/otfcc/CVE-2022-35069.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C978-J9MM-M34Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-16 21:31 – Updated: 2024-01-30 15:30A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in /bin/webs binary in Edimax BR6478AC V2 firmware veraion v1.23 allows attackers to overwrite other values located on the stack due to an incorrect use of the strcpy() function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-49351"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-16T19:15:08Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in /bin/webs binary in Edimax BR6478AC V2 firmware veraion v1.23 allows attackers to overwrite other values located on the stack due to an incorrect use of the strcpy() function.",
"id": "GHSA-c978-j9mm-m34q",
"modified": "2024-01-30T15:30:20Z",
"published": "2024-01-16T21:31:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49351"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/countfatcode/temp/blob/main/formUSBAccount/formUSBAccount.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C97H-Q9GP-6XQ2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-26 18:32 – Updated: 2024-03-26 18:32A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC7 15.03.06.44. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function formWifiWpsStart of the file /goform/WifiWpsStart. The manipulation of the argument index leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-257939. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2896"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-26T18:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC7 15.03.06.44. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function formWifiWpsStart of the file /goform/WifiWpsStart. The manipulation of the argument index leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-257939. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-c97h-q9gp-6xq2",
"modified": "2024-03-26T18:32:07Z",
"published": "2024-03-26T18:32:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2896"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC7/v1/formWifiWpsStart.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.257939"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.257939"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.300359"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C97J-6QV5-JQJ7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-21 15:31 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:42In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/sched: Avoid data corruptions
Wait for all dependencies of a job to complete before killing it to avoid data corruptions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-47354"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-21T15:15:21Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/sched: Avoid data corruptions\n\nWait for all dependencies of a job to complete before\nkilling it to avoid data corruptions.",
"id": "GHSA-c97j-6qv5-jqj7",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:42:49Z",
"published": "2024-05-21T15:31:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-47354"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0687411e2a8858262de2fc4a1d576016fd77292e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0b10ab80695d61422337ede6ff496552d8ace99d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/50d7e03ad487cc45fc85164a299b945a41756ac0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a8e23e3c1ff9ec598ab1b3a941ace6045027781f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c32d0f0e164ffab2a56c7cf8e612584b4b740e2e"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C98H-P8MV-3HJC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:18 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:18Microsoft Edge in Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709, and Windows Server 2016 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user, due to how the scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka "Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability". This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0762, CVE-2018-0768, CVE-2018-0769, CVE-2018-0770, CVE-2018-0772, CVE-2018-0773, CVE-2018-0774, CVE-2018-0775, CVE-2018-0776, CVE-2018-0777, CVE-2018-0778, and CVE-2018-0781.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-0758"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-01-04T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Microsoft Edge in Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709, and Windows Server 2016 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user, due to how the scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka \"Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability\". This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0762, CVE-2018-0768, CVE-2018-0769, CVE-2018-0770, CVE-2018-0772, CVE-2018-0773, CVE-2018-0774, CVE-2018-0775, CVE-2018-0776, CVE-2018-0777, CVE-2018-0778, and CVE-2018-0781.",
"id": "GHSA-c98h-p8mv-3hjc",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:18:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:18:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-0758"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-0758"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43491"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102405"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040100"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.