Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15277 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-F3Q5-7M6P-4QXQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-25 09:31 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:37
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
USB: serial: io_ti: fix heap overflow in get_manuf_info()
get_manuf_info() reads le16_to_cpu(rom_desc->Size) bytes from the device I2C EEPROM into a buffer allocated with kmalloc_obj(), which is sizeof(struct edge_ti_manuf_descriptor) = 10 bytes.
The Size field comes from the device and is only validated (in check_i2c_image()) to make sure the descriptor fits within TI_MAX_I2C_SIZE (16384 bytes), not against the destination buffer size. A malicious USB device can therefore set Size to any value up to 16377, causing a heap overflow of up to 16367 bytes when plugged into a host running this driver.
valid_csum() is called after read_rom() and also iterates buffer[0..Size-1], compounding the out-of-bounds access.
Fix by rejecting descriptors with unexpected length before calling read_rom().
[ johan: amend commit message; also check for short descriptors ]
Severity
7.0 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-53196"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-25T09:16:37Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nUSB: serial: io_ti: fix heap overflow in get_manuf_info()\n\nget_manuf_info() reads le16_to_cpu(rom_desc-\u003eSize) bytes from the\ndevice I2C EEPROM into a buffer allocated with kmalloc_obj(), which\nis sizeof(struct edge_ti_manuf_descriptor) = 10 bytes.\n\nThe Size field comes from the device and is only validated (in\ncheck_i2c_image()) to make sure the descriptor fits within\nTI_MAX_I2C_SIZE (16384 bytes), not against the destination buffer size.\nA malicious USB device can therefore set Size to any value up to 16377,\ncausing a heap overflow of up to 16367 bytes when plugged into a host\nrunning this driver.\n\nvalid_csum() is called after read_rom() and also iterates\nbuffer[0..Size-1], compounding the out-of-bounds access.\n\nFix by rejecting descriptors with unexpected length before calling\nread_rom().\n\n[ johan: amend commit message; also check for short descriptors ]",
"id": "GHSA-f3q5-7m6p-4qxq",
"modified": "2026-06-30T03:37:13Z",
"published": "2026-06-25T09:31:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53196"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-53196"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2492750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/183c1076eca43bbb3e7bdf597456f91d81c73e74"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/561edb021486e6723d841926aa4b48097da06190"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b849f30d1a9e66aae6b715aaef66e427390cb081"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cfd634f6dfd40c49a84f9bddc2867a80e2e2623a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d214d2341d4f9f447e36a7d012cdf6a6631a55f1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d92f17af7097d10bdeddf26f66f34b354104b277"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e168db91442b94e64fa82a7dd297983d48ea5cc0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f96cf7bf9fbf15d7fcf0c91fec47ba8a010369ea"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-53196.json"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F3QW-7P9P-J87F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:20 – Updated: 2023-10-06 01:13
VLAI
Summary
ChakraCore RCE Vulnerability
Details
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka "Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability." This affects Microsoft Edge, ChakraCore. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-8541, CVE-2018-8542, CVE-2018-8543, CVE-2018-8551, CVE-2018-8556, CVE-2018-8557, CVE-2018-8588.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Microsoft.ChakraCore"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.11.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-8555"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-21T19:20:01Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-14T01:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka \"Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability.\" This affects Microsoft Edge, ChakraCore. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-8541, CVE-2018-8542, CVE-2018-8543, CVE-2018-8551, CVE-2018-8556, CVE-2018-8557, CVE-2018-8588.",
"id": "GHSA-f3qw-7p9p-j87f",
"modified": "2023-10-06T01:13:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:20:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-8555"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore/pull/5827"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore/commit/8943e332ea5c8d7bf7d89301b30a1412e318ae97"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-8555"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20210124213922/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105775"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20211126224439/http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1042107"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ChakraCore RCE Vulnerability"
}
GHSA-F3R5-64G9-RQ7C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-07 06:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:35
VLAI
Details
In camera middleware, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07629582; Issue ID: ALPS07629582.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-20797"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-07T04:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In camera middleware, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07629582; Issue ID: ALPS07629582.",
"id": "GHSA-f3r5-64g9-rq7c",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:35:01Z",
"published": "2023-08-07T06:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20797"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/August-2023"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F3RF-MRMP-8FVG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:35 – Updated: 2023-01-09 18:30
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds write was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.0.1, iOS 14.2 and iPadOS 14.2, tvOS 14.2, watchOS 7.1. Processing a maliciously crafted audio file may lead to arbitrary code execution.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-10017"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-12-08T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.0.1, iOS 14.2 and iPadOS 14.2, tvOS 14.2, watchOS 7.1. Processing a maliciously crafted audio file may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-f3rf-mrmp-8fvg",
"modified": "2023-01-09T18:30:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:35:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-10017"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211928"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211929"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211930"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211931"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT212011"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2020/Dec/26"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2020/Dec/32"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F3VM-WX9P-2CR8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-26 21:30 – Updated: 2023-02-02 15:30
VLAI
Details
This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected D-Link DIR-2150 4.0.1 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the anweb service, which listens on TCP ports 80 and 443 by default. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-15728.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-40718"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected D-Link DIR-2150 4.0.1 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the anweb service, which listens on TCP ports 80 and 443 by default. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-15728.",
"id": "GHSA-f3vm-wx9p-2cr8",
"modified": "2023-02-02T15:30:27Z",
"published": "2023-01-26T21:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40718"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10304"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-1221"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F3XH-WJ4J-QRG9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:02
VLAI
Details
Mikrotik RouterOs stable 6.47 suffers from a memory corruption vulnerability in the /nova/bin/diskd process. An authenticated remote attacker can cause a Denial of Service due to invalid memory access.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-20227"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-18T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Mikrotik RouterOs stable 6.47 suffers from a memory corruption vulnerability in the /nova/bin/diskd process. An authenticated remote attacker can cause a Denial of Service due to invalid memory access.",
"id": "GHSA-f3xh-wj4j-qrg9",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:02:41Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:02:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-20227"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mikrotik.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/162533/MikroTik-RouterOS-Memory-Corruption.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/May/23"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F427-XQ4F-P3GQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-08 00:00 – Updated: 2022-10-12 19:00
VLAI
Details
In cpu dvfs, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07139405; Issue ID: ALPS07139405.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-32592"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-07T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In cpu dvfs, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07139405; Issue ID: ALPS07139405.",
"id": "GHSA-f427-xq4f-p3gq",
"modified": "2022-10-12T19:00:40Z",
"published": "2022-10-08T00:00:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32592"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/October-2022"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F433-VFWR-65R3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-08 00:31 – Updated: 2026-01-20 18:31
VLAI
Details
Stack-based buffer overflow in libtasn1 version: v4.20.0. The function fails to validate the size of input data resulting in a buffer overflow in asn1_expend_octet_string.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-13151"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-07T22:15:43Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in libtasn1 version: v4.20.0. The function fails to validate the size of input data resulting in a buffer overflow in asn1_expend_octet_string.",
"id": "GHSA-f433-vfwr-65r3",
"modified": "2026-01-20T18:31:53Z",
"published": "2026-01-08T00:31:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13151"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gnutls/libtasn1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gnutls/libtasn1/-/merge_requests/121"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/271649"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/01/08/5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F438-MJV4-RWX8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:08 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:08
VLAI
Details
Mozilla Network Security Services (NSS) before 3.21.4, 3.22.x through 3.28.x before 3.28.4, 3.29.x before 3.29.5, and 3.30.x before 3.30.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write) or possibly have unspecified other impact by leveraging incorrect base64 operations.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-5461"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-05-11T01:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Mozilla Network Security Services (NSS) before 3.21.4, 3.22.x through 3.28.x before 3.28.4, 3.29.x before 3.29.5, and 3.30.x before 3.30.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write) or possibly have unspecified other impact by leveraging incorrect base64 operations.",
"id": "GHSA-f438-mjv4-rwx8",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:08:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:08:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-5461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1100"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1101"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1102"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1103"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1344380"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Projects/NSS/NSS_3.21.4_release_notes"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Projects/NSS/NSS_3.28.4_release_notes"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Projects/NSS/NSS_3.29.5_release_notes"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Projects/NSS/NSS_3.30.1_release_notes"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201705-04"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/security/advisories/mfsa2017-10/#CVE-2017-5461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/security/advisories/mfsa2017-11/#CVE-2017-5461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/security/advisories/mfsa2017-12/#CVE-2017-5461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/security/advisories/mfsa2017-13/#CVE-2017-5461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com//security-alerts/cpujul2021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3831"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3872"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2018-3236628.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2017-3236626.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/98050"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1038320"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F43J-MV7X-P7RM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:22 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:22
VLAI
Details
An exploitable code execution vulnerability exists in the ANI file format parser of Leadtools 20. A specially crafted ANI file can cause a buffer overflow resulting in remote code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-6089"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-07-01T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An exploitable code execution vulnerability exists in the ANI file format parser of Leadtools 20. A specially crafted ANI file can cause a buffer overflow resulting in remote code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-f43j-mv7x-p7rm",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:22:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:22:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-6089"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2020-1009"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.