Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15266 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-FFGW-JXV7-9VP7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-12 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-12 21:30
VLAI
Details
Illustrator versions 28.7.1 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-45114"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-12T19:15:12Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Illustrator versions 28.7.1 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-ffgw-jxv7-9vp7",
"modified": "2024-11-12T21:30:52Z",
"published": "2024-11-12T21:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45114"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/illustrator/apsb24-87.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FFHW-7RJ7-7C3X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:38 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:38
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability has been identified in Solid Edge (All Versions < SE2021MP2). Affected applications lack proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing PAR files. This could lead to a stack based buffer overflow. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-28384"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-12T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Solid Edge (All Versions \u003c SE2021MP2). Affected applications lack proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing PAR files. This could lead to a stack based buffer overflow. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-ffhw-7rj7-7c3x",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:38:36Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:38:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28384"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-979834.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-012-04"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-055"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-076"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-FFJM-4QWC-7CMF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-16 21:04 – Updated: 2022-09-19 19:56
VLAI
Summary
TensorFlow vulnerable to OOB write in `scatter_nd` in TF Lite
Details
Impact
The ScatterNd function takes an input argument that determines the indices of of the output tensor. An input index greater than the output tensor or less than zero will either write content at the wrong index or trigger a crash.
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit b4d4b4cb019bd7240a52daa4ba61e3cc814f0384.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.10.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.9.1, TensorFlow 2.8.1, and TensorFlow 2.7.2, as these are also affected and still in supported range.
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
Attribution
This vulnerability has been reported by Hui Peng from Baidu Security.
Severity
7.0 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.7.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.9.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.9.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.7.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.9.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.9.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.7.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.9.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.9.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35939"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-09-16T21:04:23Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-16T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nThe [`ScatterNd`](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/266558ac4c1f361e9a178ee9d3f0ce2e648ae499/tensorflow/lite/kernels/internal/reference/reference_ops.h#L659-L698) function takes an input argument that determines the indices of of the output tensor. An input index greater than the output tensor or less than zero will either write content at the wrong index or trigger a crash.\n\n### Patches\nWe have patched the issue in GitHub commit [b4d4b4cb019bd7240a52daa4ba61e3cc814f0384](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/b4d4b4cb019bd7240a52daa4ba61e3cc814f0384).\n\nThe fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.10.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.9.1, TensorFlow 2.8.1, and TensorFlow 2.7.2, as these are also affected and still in supported range.\n\n\n### For more information\nPlease consult [our security guide](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/SECURITY.md) for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.\n\n\n### Attribution\nThis vulnerability has been reported by Hui Peng from Baidu Security.",
"id": "GHSA-ffjm-4qwc-7cmf",
"modified": "2022-09-19T19:56:51Z",
"published": "2022-09-16T21:04:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/security/advisories/GHSA-ffjm-4qwc-7cmf"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35939"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/b4d4b4cb019bd7240a52daa4ba61e3cc814f0384"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/266558ac4c1f361e9a178ee9d3f0ce2e648ae499/tensorflow/lite/kernels/internal/reference/reference_ops.h#L659-L698"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/releases/tag/v2.10.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "TensorFlow vulnerable to OOB write in `scatter_nd` in TF Lite"
}
GHSA-FFJX-M5FM-M25W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:23 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:23
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in GNU LibreDWG 0.7 and 0.7.1645. There is a heap-based buffer overflow in the function dwg_decode_eed_data at decode.c for the y dimension.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-9770"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-03-14T09:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in GNU LibreDWG 0.7 and 0.7.1645. There is a heap-based buffer overflow in the function dwg_decode_eed_data at decode.c for the y dimension.",
"id": "GHSA-ffjx-m5fm-m25w",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:23:06Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:23:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9770"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LibreDWG/libredwg/issues/99"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?55893"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-01/msg00033.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-01/msg00045.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/107447"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FFM7-29RH-WG67
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-06 15:32 – Updated: 2025-02-06 15:32
VLAI
Details
Arbitrary write vulnerability in the Gallery module Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect service confidentiality.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-57955"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-200",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-06T13:15:39Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Arbitrary write vulnerability in the Gallery module \nImpact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect service confidentiality.",
"id": "GHSA-ffm7-29rh-wg67",
"modified": "2025-02-06T15:32:52Z",
"published": "2025-02-06T15:32:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-57955"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2025/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FFQX-HMW2-P5JV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-06 09:30 – Updated: 2025-02-14 18:30
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
sysctl: Fix out of bounds access for empty sysctl registers
When registering tables to the sysctl subsystem there is a check to see if header is a permanently empty directory (used for mounts). This check evaluates the first element of the ctl_table. This results in an out of bounds evaluation when registering empty directories.
The function register_sysctl_mount_point now passes a ctl_table of size 1 instead of size 0. It now relies solely on the type to identify a permanently empty register.
Make sure that the ctl_table has at least one element before testing for permanent emptiness.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-52596"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-06T07:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsysctl: Fix out of bounds access for empty sysctl registers\n\nWhen registering tables to the sysctl subsystem there is a check to see\nif header is a permanently empty directory (used for mounts). This check\nevaluates the first element of the ctl_table. This results in an out of\nbounds evaluation when registering empty directories.\n\nThe function register_sysctl_mount_point now passes a ctl_table of size\n1 instead of size 0. It now relies solely on the type to identify\na permanently empty register.\n\nMake sure that the ctl_table has at least one element before testing for\npermanent emptiness.",
"id": "GHSA-ffqx-hmw2-p5jv",
"modified": "2025-02-14T18:30:45Z",
"published": "2024-03-06T09:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-52596"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/15893975e9e382f8294ea8d926f08dc2d8d39ede"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ae7081bc10123b187e36a4f3a8e53768de31489"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/315552310c7de92baea4e570967066569937a843"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FFRF-XCMJ-F59Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 19:24 – Updated: 2025-02-06 18:31
VLAI
Details
A user may be tricked into opening a malicious FBX file that may exploit a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in Autodesk® FBX® SDK 2020 or prior which may lead to code execution.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-27911"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-17T21:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A user may be tricked into opening a malicious FBX file that may exploit a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in Autodesk\u00ae FBX\u00ae SDK 2020 or prior which may lead to code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-ffrf-xcmj-f59q",
"modified": "2025-02-06T18:31:00Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T19:24:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27911"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2023-0004"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FFV6-G99G-RJ96
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-22 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:06
VLAI
Details
A stack exhaustion issue was discovered in FreeImage before 1.18.0 via the Validate function in PluginRAW.cpp.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-40262"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-22T19:16:21Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A stack exhaustion issue was discovered in FreeImage before 1.18.0 via the Validate function in PluginRAW.cpp.",
"id": "GHSA-ffv6-g99g-rj96",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:06:40Z",
"published": "2023-08-22T21:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40262"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceforge.net/p/freeimage/bugs/338"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FFVC-RG69-5QXP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-10 09:30 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:31
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in Ricoh MFPs and printers. If a remote attacker sends a specially crafted request to the affected products, the products may be able to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition and/or user's data may be destroyed.
Severity
8.2 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-39927"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-10T07:15:03Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in Ricoh MFPs and printers. If a remote attacker sends a specially crafted request to the affected products, the products may be able to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition and/or user\u0027s data may be destroyed.",
"id": "GHSA-ffvc-rg69-5qxp",
"modified": "2024-08-01T15:31:55Z",
"published": "2024-07-10T09:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39927"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jp.ricoh.com/security/products/vulnerabilities/vul?id=ricoh-2024-000008"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN14294633"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/jp/JVN14294633"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ricoh.com/products/security/vulnerabilities/vul?id=ricoh-2024-000008"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FFVH-G6F4-8C4V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-15 09:30 – Updated: 2024-03-26 21:30
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC18 15.03.05.05 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function formSetSpeedWan of the file /goform/SetSpeedWan. The manipulation of the argument speed_dir leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-256892. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2485"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-15T07:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC18 15.03.05.05 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function formSetSpeedWan of the file /goform/SetSpeedWan. The manipulation of the argument speed_dir leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-256892. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-ffvh-g6f4-8c4v",
"modified": "2024-03-26T21:30:46Z",
"published": "2024-03-15T09:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2485"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC18/SetSpeedWan.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC18/setUsbUnload.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.256892"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.256892"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.