Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15232 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-GF8C-J759-86MG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-25 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-01 22:22
VLAI
Summary
org.apache.activemq:artemis-core-client Vulnerable to Out-of-Bounds Write
Details
A flaw was found in AMQ Broker. This issue can cause a partial interruption to the availability of AMQ Broker via an Out of memory (OOM) condition. This flaw allows an attacker to partially disrupt availability to the broker through a sustained attack of maliciously crafted messages. The highest threat from this vulnerability is system availability.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.activemq:artemis-core-client"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.19.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-4040"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-09-01T22:22:33Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-24T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in AMQ Broker. This issue can cause a partial interruption to the availability of AMQ Broker via an Out of memory (OOM) condition. This flaw allows an attacker to partially disrupt availability to the broker through a sustained attack of maliciously crafted messages. The highest threat from this vulnerability is system availability.",
"id": "GHSA-gf8c-j759-86mg",
"modified": "2022-09-01T22:22:33Z",
"published": "2022-08-25T00:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-4040"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/activemq-artemis/pull/3862"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/activemq-artemis/pull/3871"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/activemq-artemis/pull/3871/commits"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/activemq-artemis/pull/3871/commits/153d2e9a979aead8dff95fbc91d659ecc7d0fb82"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-4040"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2028254"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/activemq-artemis"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARTEMIS-3593"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "org.apache.activemq:artemis-core-client Vulnerable to Out-of-Bounds Write"
}
GHSA-GF9M-89MH-M8RH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-21 00:30 – Updated: 2023-12-22 21:30
VLAI
Details
Tenda i29 v1.0 V1.0.0.5 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ip parameter in the setPing function.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-50992"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-20T22:15:35Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Tenda i29 v1.0 V1.0.0.5 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ip parameter in the setPing function.",
"id": "GHSA-gf9m-89mh-m8rh",
"modified": "2023-12-22T21:30:22Z",
"published": "2023-12-21T00:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-50992"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ef4tless/vuln/blob/master/iot/i29/setPing.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tenda.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GFCM-4735-4CV3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:19 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:19
VLAI
Details
GNU Libextractor before 1.7 has a stack-based buffer overflow in ec_read_file_func (unzip.c).
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-14346"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-17T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "GNU Libextractor before 1.7 has a stack-based buffer overflow in ec_read_file_func (unzip.c).",
"id": "GHSA-gfcm-4735-4cv3",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:19:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:19:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-14346"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gnunet.org/git/libextractor.git/commit/?id=ad19e7fe0adc99d5710eff1ed48d91a7b75a950e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/08/msg00025.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4290"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-libextractor/2018-07/msg00001.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GFF7-Q4H3-6X9J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:29 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:29
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in Xen through 4.14.x. Out of bounds event channels are available to 32-bit x86 domains. The so called 2-level event channel model imposes different limits on the number of usable event channels for 32-bit x86 domains vs 64-bit or Arm (either bitness) ones. 32-bit x86 domains can use only 1023 channels, due to limited space in their shared (between guest and Xen) information structure, whereas all other domains can use up to 4095 in this model. The recording of the respective limit during domain initialization, however, has occurred at a time where domains are still deemed to be 64-bit ones, prior to actually honoring respective domain properties. At the point domains get recognized as 32-bit ones, the limit didn't get updated accordingly. Due to this misbehavior in Xen, 32-bit domains (including Domain 0) servicing other domains may observe event channel allocations to succeed when they should really fail. Subsequent use of such event channels would then possibly lead to corruption of other parts of the shared info structure. An unprivileged guest may cause another domain, in particular Domain 0, to misbehave. This may lead to a Denial of Service (DoS) for the entire system. All Xen versions from 4.4 onwards are vulnerable. Xen versions 4.3 and earlier are not vulnerable. Only x86 32-bit domains servicing other domains are vulnerable. Arm systems, as well as x86 64-bit domains, are not vulnerable.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-25600"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-09-23T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Xen through 4.14.x. Out of bounds event channels are available to 32-bit x86 domains. The so called 2-level event channel model imposes different limits on the number of usable event channels for 32-bit x86 domains vs 64-bit or Arm (either bitness) ones. 32-bit x86 domains can use only 1023 channels, due to limited space in their shared (between guest and Xen) information structure, whereas all other domains can use up to 4095 in this model. The recording of the respective limit during domain initialization, however, has occurred at a time where domains are still deemed to be 64-bit ones, prior to actually honoring respective domain properties. At the point domains get recognized as 32-bit ones, the limit didn\u0027t get updated accordingly. Due to this misbehavior in Xen, 32-bit domains (including Domain 0) servicing other domains may observe event channel allocations to succeed when they should really fail. Subsequent use of such event channels would then possibly lead to corruption of other parts of the shared info structure. An unprivileged guest may cause another domain, in particular Domain 0, to misbehave. This may lead to a Denial of Service (DoS) for the entire system. All Xen versions from 4.4 onwards are vulnerable. Xen versions 4.3 and earlier are not vulnerable. Only x86 32-bit domains servicing other domains are vulnerable. Arm systems, as well as x86 64-bit domains, are not vulnerable.",
"id": "GHSA-gff7-q4h3-6x9j",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:29:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:29:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-25600"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4JRXMKEMQRQYWYEPHVBIWUEAVQ3LU4FN"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/DA633Y3G5KX7MKRN4PFEGM3IVTJMBEOM"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/RJZERRBJN6E6STDCHT4JHP4MI6TKBCJE"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202011-06"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4769"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://xenbits.xen.org/xsa/advisory-342.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-10/msg00008.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GFG8-2CQC-6CMC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-08 00:00 – Updated: 2024-03-27 15:30
VLAI
Details
When curl < 7.84.0 does FTP transfers secured by krb5, it handles message verification failures wrongly. This flaw makes it possible for a Man-In-The-Middle attack to go unnoticed and even allows it to inject data to the client.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-32208"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-07T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "When curl \u003c 7.84.0 does FTP transfers secured by krb5, it handles message verification failures wrongly. This flaw makes it possible for a Man-In-The-Middle attack to go unnoticed and even allows it to inject data to the client.",
"id": "GHSA-gfg8-2cqc-6cmc",
"modified": "2024-03-27T15:30:36Z",
"published": "2022-07-08T00:00:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32208"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1590071"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/08/msg00017.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BEV6BR4MTI3CEWK2YU2HQZUW5FAS3FEY"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BEV6BR4MTI3CEWK2YU2HQZUW5FAS3FEY"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202212-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220915-0003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213488"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5197"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/41"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GFGX-4754-9HHP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-11 15:31 – Updated: 2024-09-13 21:31
VLAI
Details
If an out-of-memory condition occurs at a specific point using allocations in the probabilistic heap checker, an assertion could have been triggered, and in rarer situations, memory corruption could have occurred. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 127.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-5695"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-11T13:15:51Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "If an out-of-memory condition occurs at a specific point using allocations in the probabilistic heap checker, an assertion could have been triggered, and in rarer situations, memory corruption could have occurred. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 127.",
"id": "GHSA-gfgx-4754-9hhp",
"modified": "2024-09-13T21:31:20Z",
"published": "2024-06-11T15:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5695"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1895579"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-25"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GFH3-98G4-QRGQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-10 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:46
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds Write in MakeUiccAuthForOem of libsec-ril prior to SMR Aug-2023 Release 1 allows local attacker to execute arbitrary code.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-30688"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-10T02:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds Write in MakeUiccAuthForOem of libsec-ril prior to SMR Aug-2023 Release 1 allows local attacker to execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-gfh3-98g4-qrgq",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:46:18Z",
"published": "2023-08-10T03:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-30688"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/securityUpdate.smsb?year=2023\u0026month=08"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GFJ3-3P98-WRPG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-14 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-21 00:00
VLAI
Details
The Linux kernel was found vulnerable out of bounds memory access in the drivers/video/fbdev/sm712fb.c:smtcfb_read() function. The vulnerability could result in local attackers being able to crash the kernel.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-2380"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-13T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Linux kernel was found vulnerable out of bounds memory access in the drivers/video/fbdev/sm712fb.c:smtcfb_read() function. The vulnerability could result in local attackers being able to crash the kernel.",
"id": "GHSA-gfj3-3p98-wrpg",
"modified": "2022-07-21T00:00:32Z",
"published": "2022-07-14T00:00:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2380"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/linux-fbdev.git/commit/?h=for-next\u0026id=bd771cf5c4254511cc4abb88f3dab3bd58bdf8e8"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GFJ5-HXVX-QJ62
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:20 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:20
VLAI
Details
A remote code execution vulnerability exists when Microsoft Edge improperly accesses objects in memory, aka "Microsoft Edge Memory Corruption Vulnerability." This affects Microsoft Edge.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-8179"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-09T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists when Microsoft Edge improperly accesses objects in memory, aka \"Microsoft Edge Memory Corruption Vulnerability.\" This affects Microsoft Edge.",
"id": "GHSA-gfj5-hxvx-qj62",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:20:41Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:20:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-8179"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-8179"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104077"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040844"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GFJ7-X7QV-2C5X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-16 00:30 – Updated: 2026-01-16 00:30
VLAI
Details
Buffer overflow in print job processing by WSD on Small Office Multifunction Printers and Laser Printers() which may allow an attacker on the network segment to trigger the affected product being unresponsive or to execute arbitrary code. : Satera LBP670C Series/Satera MF750C Series firmware v06.02 and earlier sold in Japan.Color imageCLASS LBP630C/Color imageCLASS MF650C Series/imageCLASS LBP230 Series/imageCLASS X LBP1238 II/imageCLASS MF450 Series/imageCLASS X MF1238 II/imageCLASS X MF1643i II/imageCLASS X MF1643iF II firmware v06.02 and earlier sold in US.i-SENSYS LBP630C Series/i-SENSYS MF650C Series/i-SENSYS LBP230 Series/1238P II/1238Pr II/i-SENSYS MF450 Series/i-SENSYS MF550 Series/1238i II/1238iF II/imageRUNNER 1643i II/imageRUNNER 1643iF II firmware v06.02 and earlier sold in Europe.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-14231"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-16T00:16:27Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Buffer overflow in print job processing by WSD on Small Office Multifunction Printers and Laser Printers(*) which may allow an attacker on the network segment to trigger the affected product being unresponsive or to execute arbitrary code. *: Satera LBP670C Series/Satera MF750C Series firmware v06.02 and earlier sold in Japan.Color imageCLASS LBP630C/Color imageCLASS MF650C Series/imageCLASS LBP230 Series/imageCLASS X LBP1238 II/imageCLASS MF450 Series/imageCLASS X MF1238 II/imageCLASS X MF1643i II/imageCLASS X MF1643iF II firmware v06.02 and earlier sold in US.i-SENSYS LBP630C Series/i-SENSYS MF650C Series/i-SENSYS LBP230 Series/1238P II/1238Pr II/i-SENSYS MF450 Series/i-SENSYS MF550 Series/1238i II/1238iF II/imageRUNNER 1643i II/imageRUNNER 1643iF II firmware v06.02 and earlier sold in Europe.",
"id": "GHSA-gfj7-x7qv-2c5x",
"modified": "2026-01-16T00:30:55Z",
"published": "2026-01-16T00:30:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14231"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://canon.jp/support/support-info/260115vulnerability-response"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.canon/advisory-information/cp2026-001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.canon-europe.com/support/product-security"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.usa.canon.com/support/canon-product-advisories/Service-Notice-Regarding-Remediation-Measure-Against-Potential-Buffer-Overflow-Vulnerability-in-Laser-Printers-and-Small-Office-Multifunctional-Printers"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.