Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15201 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-GMX7-J3PP-2GXP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:19 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:19
VLAI
Details
Stack-based buffer overflow in ntpq and ntpdc of NTP version 4.2.8p11 allows an attacker to achieve code execution or escalate to higher privileges via a long string as the argument for an IPv4 or IPv6 command-line parameter. NOTE: It is unclear whether there are any common situations in which ntpq or ntpdc is used with a command line from an untrusted source.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-12327"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-20T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in ntpq and ntpdc of NTP version 4.2.8p11 allows an attacker to achieve code execution or escalate to higher privileges via a long string as the argument for an IPv4 or IPv6 command-line parameter. NOTE: It is unclear whether there are any common situations in which ntpq or ntpdc is used with a command line from an untrusted source.",
"id": "GHSA-gmx7-j3pp-2gxp",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:19:01Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:19:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-12327"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3853"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3854"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2077"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/fakhrizulkifli/9b58ed8e0354e8deee50b0eebd1c011f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201903-15"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?docLocale=en_US\u0026docId=emr_na-hpesbux03962en_us"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4229-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44909"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104517"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GP37-5368-2566
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:20 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:20
VLAI
Details
The uwsgi_expand_path function in core/utils.c in Unbit uWSGI through 2.0.15 has a stack-based buffer overflow via a large directory length.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-6758"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-02-06T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The uwsgi_expand_path function in core/utils.c in Unbit uWSGI through 2.0.15 has a stack-based buffer overflow via a large directory length.",
"id": "GHSA-gp37-5368-2566",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:20:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:20:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-6758"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/unbit/uwsgi/commit/cb4636f7c0af2e97a4eef7a3cdcbd85a71247bfe"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/02/msg00010.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.unbit.it/pipermail/uwsgi/2018-February/008835.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GP3P-9JM9-WRJC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:10 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:10
VLAI
Details
In mspack/cab.h in libmspack before 0.8alpha and cabextract before 1.8, the CAB block input buffer is one byte too small for the maximal Quantum block, leading to an out-of-bounds write.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-18584"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-10-23T02:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In mspack/cab.h in libmspack before 0.8alpha and cabextract before 1.8, the CAB block input buffer is one byte too small for the maximal Quantum block, leading to an out-of-bounds write.",
"id": "GHSA-gp3p-9jm9-wrjc",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:10:19Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:10:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-18584"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kyz/libmspack/commit/40ef1b4093d77ad3a5cfcee1f5cb6108b3a3bcc2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2049"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2018-18584"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.debian.org/911640"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/10/msg00017.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/150310/Ubuntu-Security-Notice-USN-3814-3.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201903-20"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3814-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3814-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3814-3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cabextract.org.uk/#changes"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2018/10/22/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.starwindsoftware.com/security/sw-20181213-0001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2018-18584"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GP58-PWH5-69H7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-03 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-03 18:30
VLAI
Details
Kofax Power PDF TIF File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of TIF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22033.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-27337"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-03T17:15:53Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Kofax Power PDF TIF File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of TIF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22033.",
"id": "GHSA-gp58-pwh5-69h7",
"modified": "2024-04-03T18:30:43Z",
"published": "2024-04-03T18:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-27337"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-230"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GP75-J23F-W8J9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-12 15:30 – Updated: 2022-12-14 21:30
VLAI
Details
Tenda AX12 v22.03.01.21_CN was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ssid parameter at /goform/fast_setting_wifi_set .
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-45979"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-12T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda AX12 v22.03.01.21_CN was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ssid parameter at /goform/fast_setting_wifi_set .",
"id": "GHSA-gp75-j23f-w8j9",
"modified": "2022-12-14T21:30:17Z",
"published": "2022-12-12T15:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-45979"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/The-Itach1/IOT-CVE/tree/master/Tenda/AX12/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GP8P-9XFX-Q8F8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-25 21:33 – Updated: 2025-07-25 21:33
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-513 1.10. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function websAspInit of the file /goform/formSetWanPPPoE. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-8168"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-25T20:15:25Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-513 1.10. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function websAspInit of the file /goform/formSetWanPPPoE. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.",
"id": "GHSA-gp8p-9xfx-q8f8",
"modified": "2025-07-25T21:33:51Z",
"published": "2025-07-25T21:33:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8168"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/InfiniteLin/Lin-s-CVEdb/blob/main/DIR-513/formSetWanL2TP.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.317582"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.317582"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.620816"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-GP8R-64C4-GGQW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-09 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:58
VLAI
Details
Improper syscall input validation in AMD TEE (Trusted Execution Environment) may allow an attacker with physical access and control of a Uapp that runs under the bootloader to reveal the contents of the ASP (AMD Secure Processor) bootloader accessible memory to a serial port, resulting in a potential loss of integrity.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-46759"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-09T20:15:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper syscall input validation in AMD TEE\n(Trusted Execution Environment) may allow an attacker with physical access and\ncontrol of a Uapp that runs under the bootloader to reveal the contents of the\nASP (AMD Secure Processor) bootloader accessible memory to a serial port,\nresulting in a potential loss of integrity.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-gp8r-64c4-ggqw",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:58:00Z",
"published": "2023-05-09T21:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46759"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.amd.com/en/corporate/product-security/bulletin/AMD-SB-4001"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GP94-RXVR-X5CX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:29 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:29
VLAI
Details
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.329 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.306 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.569 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.260, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.260, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.260 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-0964, CVE-2016-0965, CVE-2016-0967, CVE-2016-0968, CVE-2016-0969, CVE-2016-0970, CVE-2016-0972, CVE-2016-0976, CVE-2016-0977, CVE-2016-0978, CVE-2016-0979, CVE-2016-0980, and CVE-2016-0981.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-0966"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-02-10T20:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.329 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.306 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.569 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.260, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.260, and Adobe AIR SDK \u0026 Compiler before 20.0.0.260 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-0964, CVE-2016-0965, CVE-2016-0967, CVE-2016-0968, CVE-2016-0969, CVE-2016-0970, CVE-2016-0972, CVE-2016-0976, CVE-2016-0977, CVE-2016-0978, CVE-2016-0979, CVE-2016-0980, and CVE-2016-0981.",
"id": "GHSA-gp94-rxvr-x5cx",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:29:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:29:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-0966"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb16-04.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201603-07"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-02/msg00025.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-02/msg00027.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-02/msg00029.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-02/msg00030.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-0166.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1034970"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GPC5-JGQJ-XP2Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-15 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-15 18:31
VLAI
Details
LibreOffice Calc can import tracked changes from a spreadsheet document. A heap buffer overflow existed when a document reused the same change identifier for two different kinds of change. The importer then treated one change object as a different, larger type and wrote past the end of its allocation. In fixed versions records with a duplicate identifier are rejected.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-8358"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-15T18:16:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "LibreOffice Calc can import tracked changes from a spreadsheet document. A heap buffer overflow existed when a document reused the same change identifier for two different kinds of change. The importer then treated one change object as a different, larger type and wrote past the end of its allocation. In fixed versions records with a duplicate identifier are rejected.",
"id": "GHSA-gpc5-jgqj-xp2q",
"modified": "2026-06-15T18:31:19Z",
"published": "2026-06-15T18:31:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8358"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.libreoffice.org/about-us/security/advisories/cve-2026-8358"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-GPC6-QQR6-4RPW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-20 15:31 – Updated: 2026-03-20 15:31
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-513 1.10. This affects the function formEasySetPassword of the file /goform/formEasySetPassword of the component Web Service. The manipulation of the argument curTime results in stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been made public and could be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-4486"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-20T14:16:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-513 1.10. This affects the function formEasySetPassword of the file /goform/formEasySetPassword of the component Web Service. The manipulation of the argument curTime results in stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been made public and could be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.",
"id": "GHSA-gpc6-qqr6-4rpw",
"modified": "2026-03-20T15:31:14Z",
"published": "2026-03-20T15:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4486"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/InfiniteLin/Lin-s-CVEdb/blob/main/DIR-513/formEasySetPassword/formEasySetPassword.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/InfiniteLin/Lin-s-CVEdb/blob/main/DIR-513/formEasySetPassword/poc.py"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.352009"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.352009"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.773537"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.773566"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.