Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15198 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-GVW6-FC25-2VR5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:21 – Updated: 2025-05-05 18:30
VLAI
Details
Adobe Bridge versions 10.0.1 and earlier version have an out-of-bounds write vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution .
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-9564"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-06-26T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Bridge versions 10.0.1 and earlier version have an out-of-bounds write vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution .",
"id": "GHSA-gvw6-fc25-2vr5",
"modified": "2025-05-05T18:30:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:21:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-9564"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/bridge/apsb20-19.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GVWR-5HRC-2GR5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:43 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32
VLAI
Details
Windows Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2021-1698.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1732"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-269",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-25T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Windows Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2021-1698.",
"id": "GHSA-gvwr-5hrc-2gr5",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:03Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:43:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1732"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2021-1732"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-1732"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/161880/Win32k-ConsoleControl-Offset-Confusion.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/166169/Win32k-ConsoleControl-Offset-Confusion-Privilege-Escalation.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GVX9-4V4M-4C43
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-14 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-14 18:30
VLAI
Details
InDesign Desktop versions 20.5.2, 21.2 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-27291"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-14T17:16:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "InDesign Desktop versions 20.5.2, 21.2 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-gvx9-4v4m-4c43",
"modified": "2026-04-14T18:30:36Z",
"published": "2026-04-14T18:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/indesign/apsb26-32.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GVX9-XQP4-V684
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:53 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:32
VLAI
Details
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the scripting engine handles objects in memory in Internet Explorer, aka 'Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-1133.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-1194"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-14T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the scripting engine handles objects in memory in Internet Explorer, aka \u0027Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-1133.",
"id": "GHSA-gvx9-xqp4-v684",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:32:05Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:53:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-1194"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2019-1194"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GVXW-RM6F-GFFG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:39 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:39
VLAI
Details
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. The vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device. Cisco has not released software updates that address these vulnerabilities.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1162"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-13T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. The vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device. Cisco has not released software updates that address these vulnerabilities.",
"id": "GHSA-gvxw-rm6f-gffg",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:39:04Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:39:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1162"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv-overflow-WUnUgv4U"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GW3C-4C2X-84WQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-18 00:01 – Updated: 2022-03-23 00:00
VLAI
Details
stb_truetype.h v1.26 was discovered to contain a heap-buffer-overflow via the function ttULONG() at stb_truetype.h.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-25515"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-17T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "stb_truetype.h v1.26 was discovered to contain a heap-buffer-overflow via the function ttULONG() at stb_truetype.h.",
"id": "GHSA-gw3c-4c2x-84wq",
"modified": "2022-03-23T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-03-18T00:01:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-25515"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nothings/stb/issues/1286"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nothings/stb/issues/1288"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GW56-35QP-GCH8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:08 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:08
VLAI
Details
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Lookup_MarkMarkPos function in the HarfBuzz module (harfbuzz-gpos.c), as used by Qt before 4.7.4 and Pango, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted font file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2011-3193"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-06-16T00:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in the Lookup_MarkMarkPos function in the HarfBuzz module (harfbuzz-gpos.c), as used by Qt before 4.7.4 and Pango, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted font file.",
"id": "GHSA-gw56-35qp-gch8",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:08:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:08:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-3193"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/69991"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hermes.opensuse.org/messages/12056605"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://qt.gitorious.org/qt/qt/commit/9ae6f2f9a57f0c3096d5785913e437953fa6775c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://cgit.freedesktop.org/harfbuzz.old/commit/?id=81c8ef785b079980ad5b46be4fe7c7bf156dbf65"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://cgit.freedesktop.org/harfbuzz/commit/src/harfbuzz-gpos.c?id=da2c52abcd75d46929b34cad55c4fb2c8892bc08"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.gnome.org/browse/pango/commit/pango/opentype/harfbuzz-gpos.c?id=a7a715480db66148b1f487528887508a7991dcd0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2011-10/msg00007.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2011-10/msg00008.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2011-1323.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2011-1324.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2011-1325.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2011-1326.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2011-1327.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2011-1328.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/41537"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/46117"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/46118"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/46119"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/46128"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/46371"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/46410"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/49895"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2011/08/22/6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2011/08/24/8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2011/08/25/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/75652"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/49723"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-1504-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GW57-WH6G-7HQ6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:57 – Updated: 2023-01-24 15:30
VLAI
Details
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.366 and 19.x through 22.x before 22.0.0.209 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.632 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-4172, CVE-2016-4175, CVE-2016-4179, CVE-2016-4180, CVE-2016-4182, CVE-2016-4183, CVE-2016-4184, CVE-2016-4185, CVE-2016-4186, CVE-2016-4187, CVE-2016-4188, CVE-2016-4189, CVE-2016-4190, CVE-2016-4217, CVE-2016-4218, CVE-2016-4219, CVE-2016-4220, CVE-2016-4221, CVE-2016-4233, CVE-2016-4234, CVE-2016-4235, CVE-2016-4236, CVE-2016-4237, CVE-2016-4238, CVE-2016-4239, CVE-2016-4240, CVE-2016-4241, CVE-2016-4242, CVE-2016-4243, CVE-2016-4244, CVE-2016-4245, and CVE-2016-4246.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-4181"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-07-13T01:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.366 and 19.x through 22.x before 22.0.0.209 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.632 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-4172, CVE-2016-4175, CVE-2016-4179, CVE-2016-4180, CVE-2016-4182, CVE-2016-4183, CVE-2016-4184, CVE-2016-4185, CVE-2016-4186, CVE-2016-4187, CVE-2016-4188, CVE-2016-4189, CVE-2016-4190, CVE-2016-4217, CVE-2016-4218, CVE-2016-4219, CVE-2016-4220, CVE-2016-4221, CVE-2016-4233, CVE-2016-4234, CVE-2016-4235, CVE-2016-4236, CVE-2016-4237, CVE-2016-4238, CVE-2016-4239, CVE-2016-4240, CVE-2016-4241, CVE-2016-4242, CVE-2016-4243, CVE-2016-4244, CVE-2016-4245, and CVE-2016-4246.",
"id": "GHSA-gw57-wh6g-7hq6",
"modified": "2023-01-24T15:30:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:57:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-4181"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1423"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb16-25.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-07/msg00016.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-07/msg00017.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91725"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036280"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GW62-P9FC-RMHV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31
VLAI
Details
D-Link DAP-1325 SetHostIPv6StaticSettings StaticDNS1 Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18835.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41209"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:32Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DAP-1325 SetHostIPv6StaticSettings StaticDNS1 Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18835.",
"id": "GHSA-gw62-p9fc-rmhv",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41209"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10351"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1317"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GW6G-3R38-PG33
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:29 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:29
VLAI
Details
The NeXTDecode function in tif_next.c in LibTIFF allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write) via a crafted TIFF image, as demonstrated by libtiff5.tif.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-8784"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-04-13T17:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The NeXTDecode function in tif_next.c in LibTIFF allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write) via a crafted TIFF image, as demonstrated by libtiff5.tif.",
"id": "GHSA-gw6g-3r38-pg33",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:29:06Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:29:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-8784"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vadz/libtiff/commit/b18012dae552f85dcc5c57d3bf4e997a15b1cc1c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201701-16"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://bugzilla.maptools.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2508"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1546.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1547.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3467"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/01/24/4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/01/24/8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/bulletinapr2016-2952098.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinjul2016-3090544.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/ovmbulletinjul2016-3090546.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/81696"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2939-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.