Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15198 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-H575-J3PH-HJVC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:18 – Updated: 2023-10-05 21:01
VLAI
Summary
ChakraCore RCE Vulnerability
Details
ChakraCore and Microsoft Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709, and Windows Server 2016 allows remote code execution, due to how the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka "Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability". This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0872, CVE-2018-0873, CVE-2018-0874, CVE-2018-0930, CVE-2018-0933, CVE-2018-0934, CVE-2018-0936, and CVE-2018-0937.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Microsoft.ChakraCore"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.8.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-0931"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-20T22:28:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2018-03-14T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "ChakraCore and Microsoft Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709, and Windows Server 2016 allows remote code execution, due to how the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka \"Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability\". This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0872, CVE-2018-0873, CVE-2018-0874, CVE-2018-0930, CVE-2018-0933, CVE-2018-0934, CVE-2018-0936, and CVE-2018-0937.",
"id": "GHSA-h575-j3ph-hjvc",
"modified": "2023-10-05T21:01:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:18:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-0931"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore/commit/46c98f0645dfa58654036c8a7417e67e81e4706a"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-0931"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20210124144712/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/103273"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ChakraCore RCE Vulnerability"
}
GHSA-H57C-69XR-C265
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:58 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:10
VLAI
Details
IrfanView 4.53 allows a User Mode Write AV starting at JPEG_LS+0x000000000000a6b8.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-17253"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-10-08T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "IrfanView 4.53 allows a User Mode Write AV starting at JPEG_LS+0x000000000000a6b8.",
"id": "GHSA-h57c-69xr-c265",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:10:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:58:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-17253"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/linhlhq/research/blob/master/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.irfanview.com/main_history.htm"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H57J-9V3R-347H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-04 03:30 – Updated: 2025-04-04 03:30
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in Tenda W18E 16.01.0.11. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formSetAccountList of the file /goform/setModules. The manipulation of the argument Password leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-3203"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-04T03:15:14Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in Tenda W18E 16.01.0.11. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formSetAccountList of the file /goform/setModules. The manipulation of the argument Password leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-h57j-9v3r-347h",
"modified": "2025-04-04T03:30:20Z",
"published": "2025-04-04T03:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3203"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZIKH26/tmp_store_reports/blob/main/tenda-w18e.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.303157"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.303157"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.545883"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenda.com.cn"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-H592-GMP8-RVR7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-19 21:31 – Updated: 2026-03-25 00:31
VLAI
Details
A flaw was found in grub2. When performing a symlink lookup, the grub's UFS module checks the inode's data size to allocate the internal buffer to read the file content, however, it fails to check if the symlink data size has overflown. When this occurs, grub_malloc() may be called with a smaller value than needed. When further reading the data from the disk into the buffer, the grub_ufs_lookup_symlink() function will write past the end of the allocated size. An attack can leverage this by crafting a malicious filesystem, and as a result, it will corrupt data stored in the heap, allowing for arbitrary code execution used to by-pass secure boot mechanisms.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-0677"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-19T19:15:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in grub2. When performing a symlink lookup, the grub\u0027s UFS module checks the inode\u0027s data size to allocate the internal buffer to read the file content, however, it fails to check if the symlink data size has overflown. When this occurs, grub_malloc() may be called with a smaller value than needed. When further reading the data from the disk into the buffer, the grub_ufs_lookup_symlink() function will write past the end of the allocated size. An attack can leverage this by crafting a malicious filesystem, and as a result, it will corrupt data stored in the heap, allowing for arbitrary code execution used to by-pass secure boot mechanisms.",
"id": "GHSA-h592-gmp8-rvr7",
"modified": "2026-03-25T00:31:11Z",
"published": "2025-02-19T21:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0677"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:16154"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:6990"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-0677"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2346116"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/grub-devel/2025-02/msg00024.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H593-GFRX-WWGQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:15 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:15
VLAI
Details
In finalize of AssetManager.java, there is possible memory corruption due to a double free. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-8.0 Android-8.1 Android-9 Android-10Android ID: A-144028297
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-0081"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-415",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-04-17T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In finalize of AssetManager.java, there is possible memory corruption due to a double free. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-8.0 Android-8.1 Android-9 Android-10Android ID: A-144028297",
"id": "GHSA-h593-gfrx-wwgq",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:15:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:15:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0081"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/KC6HLX5SG4PZO6Y54D2LFJ4ATG76BKOP"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2020-04-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H59P-5475-HHMR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-23 15:30 – Updated: 2025-05-30 15:30
VLAI
Details
An out of bounds write in ANGLE could have allowed an attacker to corrupt memory leading to a potentially exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 122, Firefox ESR < 115.7, and Thunderbird < 115.7.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-0741"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-23T14:15:38Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An out of bounds write in ANGLE could have allowed an attacker to corrupt memory leading to a potentially exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 122, Firefox ESR \u003c 115.7, and Thunderbird \u003c 115.7.",
"id": "GHSA-h59p-5475-hhmr",
"modified": "2025-05-30T15:30:23Z",
"published": "2024-01-23T15:30:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0741"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1864587"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/01/msg00015.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/01/msg00022.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-04"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H5CF-XW55-J4WJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-22 21:32 – Updated: 2026-04-22 21:32
VLAI
Details
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain with Domain Operating System (DD OS) of Feature Release versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.6, LTS2025 release version 8.3.1.0 through 8.3.1.10, LTS2024 release versions 7.13.1.0 through 7.13.1.60, contain a stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to arbitrary command execution.
Severity
8.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-26354"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-22T19:17:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Dell PowerProtect Data Domain with Domain Operating System (DD OS) of Feature Release versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.6, LTS2025 release version 8.3.1.0 through 8.3.1.10, LTS2024 release versions 7.13.1.0 through 7.13.1.60, contain a stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to arbitrary command execution.",
"id": "GHSA-h5cf-xw55-j4wj",
"modified": "2026-04-22T21:32:10Z",
"published": "2026-04-22T21:32:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-26354"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000450699/dsa-2026-060-security-update-for-dell-powerprotect-data-domain-multiple-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H5CG-5C4W-8JCH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-01 06:31 – Updated: 2026-05-12 12:31
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
init/main.c: Fix potential static_command_line memory overflow
We allocate memory of size 'xlen + strlen(boot_command_line) + 1' for static_command_line, but the strings copied into static_command_line are extra_command_line and command_line, rather than extra_command_line and boot_command_line.
When strlen(command_line) > strlen(boot_command_line), static_command_line will overflow.
This patch just recovers strlen(command_line) which was miss-consolidated with strlen(boot_command_line) in the commit f5c7310ac73e ("init/main: add checks for the return value of memblock_alloc*()")
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-26988"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-01T06:15:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ninit/main.c: Fix potential static_command_line memory overflow\n\nWe allocate memory of size \u0027xlen + strlen(boot_command_line) + 1\u0027 for\nstatic_command_line, but the strings copied into static_command_line are\nextra_command_line and command_line, rather than extra_command_line and\nboot_command_line.\n\nWhen strlen(command_line) \u003e strlen(boot_command_line), static_command_line\nwill overflow.\n\nThis patch just recovers strlen(command_line) which was miss-consolidated\nwith strlen(boot_command_line) in the commit f5c7310ac73e (\"init/main: add\nchecks for the return value of memblock_alloc*()\")",
"id": "GHSA-h5cg-5c4w-8jch",
"modified": "2026-05-12T12:31:44Z",
"published": "2024-05-01T06:31:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-26988"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-613116.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0dc727a4e05400205358a22c3d01ccad2c8e1fe4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ef607ea103616aec0289f1b65d103d499fa903a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/46dad3c1e57897ab9228332f03e1c14798d2d3b9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76c2f4d426a5358fced5d5990744d46f10a4ccea"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/81cf85ae4f2dd5fa3e43021782aa72c4c85558e8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/936a02b5a9630c5beb0353c3085cc49d86c57034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00017.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4EZ6PJW7VOZ224TD7N4JZNU6KV32ZJ53"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/DAMSOZXJEPUOXW33WZYWCVAY7Z5S7OOY"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GCBZZEC7L7KTWWAS2NLJK6SO3IZIL4WW"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H5CQ-WX25-G7HX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:39 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:39
VLAI
Details
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. The vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device. Cisco has not released software updates that address these vulnerabilities.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1166"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-13T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. The vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device. Cisco has not released software updates that address these vulnerabilities.",
"id": "GHSA-h5cq-wx25-g7hx",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:39:05Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:39:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1166"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv-overflow-WUnUgv4U"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-H5HG-4532-WFR5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:31 – Updated: 2022-06-03 00:00
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.6 and iPadOS 13.6, macOS Catalina 10.15.6, tvOS 13.4.8, watchOS 6.2.8. Processing a maliciously crafted audio file may lead to arbitrary code execution.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-9889"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-10-16T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.6 and iPadOS 13.6, macOS Catalina 10.15.6, tvOS 13.4.8, watchOS 6.2.8. Processing a maliciously crafted audio file may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-h5hg-4532-wfr5",
"modified": "2022-06-03T00:00:34Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:31:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-9889"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211288"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211289"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211290"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-20-1391"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.