CWE-798
Allowed-with-ReviewUse of Hard-coded Credentials
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
2173 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-X6CV-8QM7-RQW4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-03 03:30 – Updated: 2023-01-03 03:30Merit LILIN AH55B04 & AH55B08 DVR firm has hard-coded administrator credentials. An unauthenticated remote attacker can use these credentials to log in administrator page, to manipulate system or disrupt service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-47618"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-03T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Merit LILIN AH55B04 \u0026 AH55B08 DVR firm has hard-coded administrator credentials. An unauthenticated remote attacker can use these credentials to log in administrator page, to manipulate system or disrupt service.",
"id": "GHSA-x6cv-8qm7-rqw4",
"modified": "2023-01-03T03:30:19Z",
"published": "2023-01-03T03:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-47618"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-6825-6691e-1.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X6XJ-CMVP-3M3J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:05 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:30D-Link DGS-1100 devices with Rev.B firmware 1.01.018 have a hardcoded SSL private key, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof devices by hijacking an HTTPS session.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-10125"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-01-09T17:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DGS-1100 devices with Rev.B firmware 1.01.018 have a hardcoded SSL private key, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof devices by hijacking an HTTPS session.",
"id": "GHSA-x6xj-cmvp-3m3j",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:30:51Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:05:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-10125"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://labs.integrity.pt/advisories/dlink-dgs-1100-hardcoded-keys"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/95329"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X75P-289F-65MX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-21 09:33 – Updated: 2025-07-21 12:30An insecure sensitive key storage issue was found in MyASUS. potentially allowing unauthorized actor to obtain a token that could be used to communicate with certain services.
Refer to the 'Security Update for for MyASUS' section on the ASUS Security Advisory for more information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-4570"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-21T08:15:24Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An insecure sensitive key storage issue was found in MyASUS.\u00a0potentially allowing unauthorized actor to obtain a token that could be used to communicate with certain services.\n\n\nRefer to the \u0027Security Update for for MyASUS\u0027 section on the ASUS Security Advisory for more information.",
"id": "GHSA-x75p-289f-65mx",
"modified": "2025-07-21T12:30:33Z",
"published": "2025-07-21T09:33:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4570"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.asus.com/content/asus-product-security-advisory"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.asus.com/content/security-advisory"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-X788-3F4Q-PFRC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-05 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-11 00:00Totolink A3600R_Firmware V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102 contains a hard code password for root in /etc/shadow.sample.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-34993"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-04T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Totolink A3600R_Firmware V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102 contains a hard code password for root in /etc/shadow.sample.",
"id": "GHSA-x788-3f4q-pfrc",
"modified": "2022-08-11T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-08-05T00:00:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-34993"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cilan2/iot/blob/main/1.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.totolink.cn/home/menu/detail.html?menu_listtpl=download\u0026id=63\u0026ids=36image-20220606105532193"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X7PJ-758F-Q7RV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:33 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:33All versions of Hangzhou Xiongmai Technology Co., Ltd XMeye P2P Cloud Server may allow an attacker to use an undocumented user account "default" with its default password to login to XMeye and access/view video streams.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-17919"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-10-10T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "All versions of Hangzhou Xiongmai Technology Co., Ltd XMeye P2P Cloud Server may allow an attacker to use an undocumented user account \"default\" with its default password to login to XMeye and access/view video streams.",
"id": "GHSA-x7pj-758f-q7rv",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:33:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:33:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-17919"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-18-282-06"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X7QH-PJ6R-H933
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:45 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:29A hard-coded credentials vulnerability exists in the snmpd function of the Sierra Wireless AirLink ES450 FW 4.9.3. Activating snmpd outside of the WebUI can cause the activation of the hard-coded credentials, resulting in the exposure of a privileged user. An attacker can activate snmpd without any configuration changes to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-4062"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-06T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A hard-coded credentials vulnerability exists in the snmpd function of the Sierra Wireless AirLink ES450 FW 4.9.3. Activating snmpd outside of the WebUI can cause the activation of the hard-coded credentials, resulting in the exposure of a privileged user. An attacker can activate snmpd without any configuration changes to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-x7qh-pj6r-h933",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:29:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:45:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-4062"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-19-122-03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2018-0747"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/152647/Sierra-Wireless-AirLink-ES450-SNMPD-Hard-Coded-Credentials.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108147"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X93Q-6P46-2QQF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-30 21:31 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:32D-Link DIR-820LW REVB FIRMWARE PATCH 2.03.B01_TC contains hardcoded credentials in the Telnet service, enabling attackers to log in remotely to the Telnet service and perform arbitrary commands.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-41610"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-30T20:15:04Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-820LW REVB FIRMWARE PATCH 2.03.B01_TC contains hardcoded credentials in the Telnet service, enabling attackers to log in remotely to the Telnet service and perform arbitrary commands.",
"id": "GHSA-x93q-6p46-2qqf",
"modified": "2024-08-01T15:32:15Z",
"published": "2024-07-30T21:31:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-41610"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Nop3z/CVE/blob/main/dlink/dir-820/Dlink-820LW-hardcoded-vulnerability.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com/en/security-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X9M7-XQC3-8P4J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:50 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:50An attacker without authentication can login with default credentials for privileged users in Eltex ESP-200 firmware version 1.2.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-15360"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-08-17T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An attacker without authentication can login with default credentials for privileged users in Eltex ESP-200 firmware version 1.2.0.",
"id": "GHSA-x9m7-xqc3-8p4j",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:50:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:50:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-15360"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.kaspersky.com/advisories/klcert-advisories/2018/08/17/klcert-18-016-eltex-esp-200-router-default-password-usage"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X9P4-3X2X-QPVX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:49 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:49Foscam networked devices use the same hardcoded SSL private key across different customers' installations, which allows remote attackers to defeat cryptographic protection mechanisms by leveraging knowledge of this key from another installation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-7648"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-04-10T19:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Foscam networked devices use the same hardcoded SSL private key across different customers\u0027 installations, which allows remote attackers to defeat cryptographic protection mechanisms by leveraging knowledge of this key from another installation.",
"id": "GHSA-x9p4-3x2x-qpvx",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:49:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:49:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7648"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/540388/30/0/threaded"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XC2R-2R8H-FQW9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:17 – Updated: 2025-04-12 13:03NUUO NVRmini 2 1.0.0 through 3.0.0 and NUUO NVRsolo 1.0.0 through 3.0.0 have hardcoded root credentials, which allows remote attackers to obtain administrative access via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-5678"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-08-31T15:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "NUUO NVRmini 2 1.0.0 through 3.0.0 and NUUO NVRsolo 1.0.0 through 3.0.0 have hardcoded root credentials, which allows remote attackers to obtain administrative access via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-xc2r-2r8h-fqw9",
"modified": "2025-04-12T13:03:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:17:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-5678"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40200"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/856152"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92318"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
- In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
Mitigation
If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
Mitigation
- For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
- Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
- For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
- The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
- Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
- Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable
An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.
CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords
An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.