CWE-80
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete
The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special characters such as "<", ">", and "&" that could be interpreted as web-scripting elements when they are sent to a downstream component that processes web pages.
975 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-J34M-H4FC-H7VH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-13 18:32 – Updated: 2025-03-19 21:30A HTML Injection vulnerability was found in loginsystem/edit-profile.php of the PHPGurukul User Registration & Login and User Management System V3.3. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary HTML code via the fname, lname, and contact parameters.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-28015"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-13T16:15:27Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A HTML Injection vulnerability was found in loginsystem/edit-profile.php of the PHPGurukul User Registration \u0026 Login and User Management System V3.3. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary HTML code via the fname, lname, and contact parameters.",
"id": "GHSA-j34m-h4fc-h7vh",
"modified": "2025-03-19T21:30:46Z",
"published": "2025-03-13T18:32:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-28015"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rtnthakur/CVE/blob/main/PHPGurukul/User%20Registration%20%26%20Login%20and%20User%20Management%20System%20With%20admin%20panel/HTML%20Injection%20-%20edit-profile.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J3MM-WMFM-MWVH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-20 20:16 – Updated: 2025-02-20 22:53Impact
During a recent internal audit, we identified a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the CKEditor 5 real-time collaboration package. This vulnerability can lead to unauthorized JavaScript code execution and affects user markers, which represent users' positions within the document.
This vulnerability affects only installations with Real-time collaborative editing enabled.
Patches
The problem has been recognized and patched. The fix will be available in version 44.2.1 (and above).
For more information
Email us at security@cksource.com if you have any questions or comments about this advisory.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 44.2.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@ckeditor/ckeditor5-real-time-collaboration"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "41.3.0"
},
{
"fixed": "44.2.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c 44.2.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "ckeditor5-premium-features"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "42.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "44.2.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-25299"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-79",
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-02-20T20:16:31Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-20T20:15:46Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nDuring a recent internal audit, we identified a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the CKEditor 5 real-time collaboration package. This vulnerability can lead to unauthorized JavaScript code execution and affects user markers, which represent users\u0027 positions within the document.\n\nThis vulnerability affects only installations with [Real-time collaborative editing](https://ckeditor.com/docs/ckeditor5/latest/features/collaboration/real-time-collaboration/real-time-collaboration.html) enabled.\n\n### Patches\nThe problem has been recognized and patched. The fix will be available in version 44.2.1 (and above).\n\n### For more information\nEmail us at [security@cksource.com](mailto:security@cksource.com) if you have any questions or comments about this advisory.",
"id": "GHSA-j3mm-wmfm-mwvh",
"modified": "2025-02-20T22:53:45Z",
"published": "2025-02-20T20:16:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ckeditor/ckeditor5/security/advisories/GHSA-j3mm-wmfm-mwvh"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25299"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ckeditor.com/docs/ckeditor5/latest/features/collaboration/real-time-collaboration/real-time-collaboration.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ckeditor.com/docs/ckeditor5/latest/features/collaboration/real-time-collaboration/real-time-collaboration.html?docId=ee1dca024c9b4e44aef039f99ebe6c664"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ckeditor/ckeditor5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ckeditor/ckeditor5/releases/tag/v44.2.1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Cross-site scripting (XSS) in the CKEditor 5 real-time collaboration package"
}
GHSA-J3VW-GXH2-3R2W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-12 18:32 – Updated: 2025-03-12 21:31An issue was discovered in BMC Remedy Mid Tier 7.6.04. The web application allows stored HTML Injection by authenticated remote attackers.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-34398"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-12T17:15:41Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in BMC Remedy Mid Tier 7.6.04. The web application allows stored HTML Injection by authenticated remote attackers.",
"id": "GHSA-j3vw-gxh2-3r2w",
"modified": "2025-03-12T21:31:29Z",
"published": "2025-03-12T18:32:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-34398"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.gruppotim.it/it/footer/red-team.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J4V3-WWWX-5GQV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-20 12:30 – Updated: 2026-06-09 10:54Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type, Improper Input Validation, Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS) vulnerability in django CMS Association django Filer allows Input Data Manipulation, Stored XSS.This issue affects django Filer: from 3 before 3.3.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "django-filer"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.3.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11404"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-434",
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-11-20T18:27:56Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-20T12:15:18Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type, Improper Input Validation, Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS) vulnerability in django CMS Association django Filer allows Input Data Manipulation, Stored XSS.This issue affects django Filer: from 3 before 3.3.",
"id": "GHSA-j4v3-wwwx-5gqv",
"modified": "2026-06-09T10:54:51Z",
"published": "2024-11-20T12:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11404"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/django-cms/django-filer/commit/f8209a6507680661bd134cd30878993b79ef3344"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/django-cms/django-filer"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://iltosec.com/blog/post/cve-2024-11404-medium-severity-file-upload-vulnerabilities-in-django-filer-323"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://iltosec.com/blog/post/djangocms-attributes-field-300-stored-xss-vulnerability"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pypi.org/project/django-filer"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimleri/detay/tr-24-1864"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.django-cms.org/en/blog/2024/11/19/security-updates-for-django-filer-and-django-cms-attributes-field"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.usom.gov.tr/bildirim/tr-24-1864"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Django Filer Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type"
}
GHSA-J6JH-RJJW-8J6W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-27 03:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:31Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS) vulnerability in Brecht WP Recipe Maker wp-recipe-maker allows Code Injection.This issue affects WP Recipe Maker: from n/a through <= 10.1.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-62897"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-27T02:15:48Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS) vulnerability in Brecht WP Recipe Maker wp-recipe-maker allows Code Injection.This issue affects WP Recipe Maker: from n/a through \u003c= 10.1.1.",
"id": "GHSA-j6jh-rjjw-8j6w",
"modified": "2026-01-20T15:31:35Z",
"published": "2025-10-27T03:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62897"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-recipe-maker/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-recipe-maker-plugin-10-1-1-content-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-recipe-maker/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-recipe-maker-plugin-10-1-1-content-injection-vulnerability"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-recipe-maker/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-recipe-maker-plugin-10-1-1-content-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J6MJ-C34V-F82J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 06:31 – Updated: 2026-05-14 06:31The MapGeo – Interactive Geo Maps plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Reflected Cross-Site Scripting via the 'map' parameter in the display-map shortcode in all versions up to, and including, 1.6.27 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that execute if they can successfully trick a user into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-15345"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-14T06:16:21Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The MapGeo \u2013 Interactive Geo Maps plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Reflected Cross-Site Scripting via the \u0027map\u0027 parameter in the display-map shortcode in all versions up to, and including, 1.6.27 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that execute if they can successfully trick a user into performing an action such as clicking on a link.",
"id": "GHSA-j6mj-c34v-f82j",
"modified": "2026-05-14T06:31:33Z",
"published": "2026-05-14T06:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15345"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?old_path=/interactive-geo-maps/tags/1.6.27/src/Plugin/Map.php\u0026new_path=/interactive-geo-maps/tags/1.6.28/src/Plugin/Map.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://research.cleantalk.org/cve-2025-15345"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/bfccbf41-c861-4bf1-b400-7858cb255b9a?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J9JQ-XF7Q-W5FQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-19 18:31 – Updated: 2026-02-27 18:31Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS) vulnerability in 8theme XStore xstore allows Code Injection.This issue affects XStore: from n/a through <= 9.6.4.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-25006"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-19T09:16:14Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS) vulnerability in 8theme XStore xstore allows Code Injection.This issue affects XStore: from n/a through \u003c= 9.6.4.",
"id": "GHSA-j9jq-xf7q-w5fq",
"modified": "2026-02-27T18:31:00Z",
"published": "2026-02-19T18:31:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25006"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/xstore/vulnerability/wordpress-xstore-theme-9-6-4-arbitrary-shortcode-execution-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J9RC-W3WV-FV62
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-08 14:51 – Updated: 2023-11-08 14:51Impact
XWiki is vulnerable to reflected cross-site scripting (RXSS) via the rev parameter that is used in the content of the content menu without escaping. If an attacker can convince a user to visit a link with a crafted parameter, this allows the attacker to execute arbitrary actions in the name of the user, including remote code (Groovy) execution in the case of a user with programming right, compromising the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the whole XWiki installation.
The vulnerability can be demonstrated by opening <xwiki-host>/xwiki/bin/view/Main/?rev=xar%3Aorg.xwiki.platform%3Axwiki-platform-distribution-flavor-common%2F15.5%25%25%22%3e%3cscript%3ealert(1)%3c%2fscript%3e where <xwiki-host> is the URL of your XWiki installation. If an alert is displayed, the installation is vulnerable.
Patches
This has been patched in XWiki 15.6 RC1, 15.5.1 and 14.10.14.
Workarounds
The patch can be manually applied without upgrading (or restarting) the instance.
References
- https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-21095
- https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/04e325d57d4bcb6ab79bddcafbb19032474c2a55
Attribution
We thank Agostino Parentela, Vulnerability Management Engineer of TicketOne S.p.A., agostino.parentela@ticketone.it for reporting this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-flamingo-skin-resources"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "9.7-rc-1"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.14"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-flamingo-skin-resources"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "15.0-rc-1"
},
{
"fixed": "15.5.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-46732"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-79",
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-11-08T14:51:37Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-06T19:15:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nXWiki is vulnerable to reflected cross-site scripting (RXSS) via the `rev` parameter that is used in the content of the content menu without escaping. If an attacker can convince a user to visit a link with a crafted parameter, this allows the attacker to execute arbitrary actions in the name of the user, including remote code (Groovy) execution in the case of a user with programming right, compromising the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the whole XWiki installation.\n\nThe vulnerability can be demonstrated by opening `\u003cxwiki-host\u003e/xwiki/bin/view/Main/?rev=xar%3Aorg.xwiki.platform%3Axwiki-platform-distribution-flavor-common%2F15.5%25%25%22%3e%3cscript%3ealert(1)%3c%2fscript%3e` where `\u003cxwiki-host\u003e` is the URL of your XWiki installation. If an alert is displayed, the installation is vulnerable.\n\n### Patches\nThis has been patched in XWiki 15.6 RC1, 15.5.1 and 14.10.14.\n\n### Workarounds\nThe [patch](https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/04e325d57d4bcb6ab79bddcafbb19032474c2a55) can be manually applied without upgrading (or restarting) the instance.\n\n### References\n* https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-21095\n* https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/04e325d57d4bcb6ab79bddcafbb19032474c2a55\n\n### Attribution\n\nWe thank Agostino Parentela, Vulnerability Management Engineer of TicketOne S.p.A., [agostino.parentela@ticketone.it](mailto:agostino.parentela@ticketone.it) for reporting this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-j9rc-w3wv-fv62",
"modified": "2023-11-08T14:51:37Z",
"published": "2023-11-08T14:51:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/security/advisories/GHSA-j9rc-w3wv-fv62"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46732"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/04e325d57d4bcb6ab79bddcafbb19032474c2a55"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-21095"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "XWiki Platform vulnerable to reflected cross-site scripting through revision parameter in content menu"
}
GHSA-JCMM-RJ83-G6XP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-28 12:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS) vulnerability in cornershop Better Section Navigation Widget allows Stored XSS. This issue affects Better Section Navigation Widget: from n/a through 1.6.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-31465"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-79",
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-28T12:15:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS) vulnerability in cornershop Better Section Navigation Widget allows Stored XSS. This issue affects Better Section Navigation Widget: from n/a through 1.6.1.",
"id": "GHSA-jcmm-rj83-g6xp",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:14Z",
"published": "2025-03-28T12:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/better-section-navigation/vulnerability/wordpress-better-section-navigation-widget-1-6-1-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JF6P-4HGV-V6QH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-28 21:30 – Updated: 2025-03-31 15:57Duplicate Advisory
This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-95j3-435g-vjcp. This link is maintained to preserve external references.
Original Description
Cross Site Scripting vulnerability in Leantime v3.2.1 and before allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code and obtain sensitive information via the first name field in processMentions().
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "leantime/leantime"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-03-31T15:57:39Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-28T21:15:17Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-95j3-435g-vjcp. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n### Original Description\nCross Site Scripting vulnerability in Leantime v3.2.1 and before allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code and obtain sensitive information via the first name field in processMentions().",
"id": "GHSA-jf6p-4hgv-v6qh",
"modified": "2025-03-31T15:57:40Z",
"published": "2025-03-28T21:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Leantime/leantime/security/advisories/GHSA-95j3-435g-vjcp"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-28254"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Leantime/leantime/commit/ce1d2073e4601183e1bdd90f4b433d16aee46a50"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/Leantime/leantime"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Leantime/leantime/blob/0e7ddbbe3d582f657a1dddfef7b3419ae588cbf7/app/Domain/Notifications/Services/Notifications.php#L128"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Duplicate Advisory: Leantime affected by Improper Neutralization of HTML Tags",
"withdrawn": "2025-03-31T15:57:39Z"
}
Mitigation
Carefully check each input parameter against a rigorous positive specification (allowlist) defining the specific characters and format allowed. All input should be neutralized, not just parameters that the user is supposed to specify, but all data in the request, including hidden fields, cookies, headers, the URL itself, and so forth. A common mistake that leads to continuing XSS vulnerabilities is to validate only fields that are expected to be redisplayed by the site. We often encounter data from the request that is reflected by the application server or the application that the development team did not anticipate. Also, a field that is not currently reflected may be used by a future developer. Therefore, validating ALL parts of the HTTP request is recommended.
Mitigation MIT-30.1
Strategy: Output Encoding
- Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
- The problem of inconsistent output encodings often arises in web pages. If an encoding is not specified in an HTTP header, web browsers often guess about which encoding is being used. This can open up the browser to subtle XSS attacks.
Mitigation MIT-43
With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.
Mitigation MIT-31
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologies provide read access to HTTP headers, including the Set-Cookie header in which the HttpOnly flag is set.
CAPEC-18: XSS Targeting Non-Script Elements
This attack is a form of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) where malicious scripts are embedded in elements that are not expected to host scripts such as image tags (<img>), comments in XML documents (< !-CDATA->), etc. These tags may not be subject to the same input validation, output validation, and other content filtering and checking routines, so this can create an opportunity for an adversary to tunnel through the application's elements and launch a XSS attack through other elements. As with all remote attacks, it is important to differentiate the ability to launch an attack (such as probing an internal network for unpatched servers) and the ability of the remote adversary to collect and interpret the output of said attack.
CAPEC-193: PHP Remote File Inclusion
In this pattern the adversary is able to load and execute arbitrary code remotely available from the application. This is usually accomplished through an insecurely configured PHP runtime environment and an improperly sanitized "include" or "require" call, which the user can then control to point to any web-accessible file. This allows adversaries to hijack the targeted application and force it to execute their own instructions.
CAPEC-32: XSS Through HTTP Query Strings
An adversary embeds malicious script code in the parameters of an HTTP query string and convinces a victim to submit the HTTP request that contains the query string to a vulnerable web application. The web application then procedes to use the values parameters without properly validation them first and generates the HTML code that will be executed by the victim's browser.
CAPEC-86: XSS Through HTTP Headers
An adversary exploits web applications that generate web content, such as links in a HTML page, based on unvalidated or improperly validated data submitted by other actors. XSS in HTTP Headers attacks target the HTTP headers which are hidden from most users and may not be validated by web applications.