Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-863

Allowed-with-Review

Incorrect Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action, but it does not correctly perform the check.

5712 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-2CPH-RVMJ-CX7R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:01 – Updated: 2022-06-04 00:00
VLAI
Details

MapServer before 7.0.8, 7.1.x and 7.2.x before 7.2.3, 7.3.x and 7.4.x before 7.4.5, and 7.5.x and 7.6.x before 7.6.3 does not properly enforce the MS_MAP_NO_PATH and MS_MAP_PATTERN restrictions that are intended to control the locations from which a mapfile may be loaded (with MapServer CGI).

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-32062"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-05-06T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "MapServer before 7.0.8, 7.1.x and 7.2.x before 7.2.3, 7.3.x and 7.4.x before 7.4.5, and 7.5.x and 7.6.x before 7.6.3 does not properly enforce the MS_MAP_NO_PATH and MS_MAP_PATTERN restrictions that are intended to control the locations from which a mapfile may be loaded (with MapServer CGI).",
  "id": "GHSA-2cph-rvmj-cx7r",
  "modified": "2022-06-04T00:00:41Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:01:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-32062"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/FNORAZCJ7AIPJFUY6WGLYIA3QVPWFXFY"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NYVWUC4EOW5WZAZGPLRTZS5QXNUEBPQ5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mapserver.org/development/changelog/changelog-7-0.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mapserver.org/development/changelog/changelog-7-2.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mapserver.org/development/changelog/changelog-7-4.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mapserver.org/development/changelog/changelog-7-6.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2CQ5-MF3V-MX44

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-17 22:16 – Updated: 2026-05-08 01:32
VLAI
Summary
OpenClaw: busybox and toybox applet execution weakened exec approval binding
Details

Summary

busybox and toybox applet execution weakened exec approval binding.

Affected Packages / Versions

  • Package: openclaw
  • Ecosystem: npm
  • Affected versions: >= 2026.2.23 < 2026.4.12
  • Patched versions: >= 2026.4.12

Impact

Opaque multi-call binaries such as busybox and toybox could obscure which applet or script-like behavior would actually run, weakening exec approval binding and risk classification.

Technical Details

The fix treats busybox and toybox as opaque mutable script runners and fails closed rather than binding unsafe applet invocations.

Fix

The issue was fixed in #65713. The first stable tag containing the fix is v2026.4.12, and openclaw@2026.4.14 includes the fix.

Fix Commit(s)

  • 666f48d9b882a8a1415ca53f9567c72499d850c9
  • PR: #65713

Release Process Note

Users should upgrade to openclaw 2026.4.12 or newer. The latest npm release, 2026.4.14, already includes the fix.

Credits

Thanks to @decsecre583 for reporting this issue.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2026.2.23"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.4.12"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-43530"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-17T22:16:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-05T12:16:19Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nbusybox and toybox applet execution weakened exec approval binding.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n\n- Package: `openclaw`\n- Ecosystem: npm\n- Affected versions: `\u003e= 2026.2.23 \u003c 2026.4.12`\n- Patched versions: `\u003e= 2026.4.12`\n\n## Impact\n\nOpaque multi-call binaries such as `busybox` and `toybox` could obscure which applet or script-like behavior would actually run, weakening exec approval binding and risk classification.\n\n## Technical Details\n\nThe fix treats `busybox` and `toybox` as opaque mutable script runners and fails closed rather than binding unsafe applet invocations.\n\n## Fix\n\nThe issue was fixed in #65713. The first stable tag containing the fix is `v2026.4.12`, and `openclaw@2026.4.14` includes the fix.\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n\n- `666f48d9b882a8a1415ca53f9567c72499d850c9`\n- PR: #65713\n\n## Release Process Note\n\nUsers should upgrade to `openclaw` 2026.4.12 or newer. The latest npm release, `2026.4.14`, already includes the fix.\n\n## Credits\n\nThanks to @decsecre583 for reporting this issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-2cq5-mf3v-mx44",
  "modified": "2026-05-08T01:32:55Z",
  "published": "2026-04-17T22:16:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-2cq5-mf3v-mx44"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-43530"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/pull/65713"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/666f48d9b882a8a1415ca53f9567c72499d850c9"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-weakened-exec-approval-binding-via-busybox-and-toybox-applet-execution"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw: busybox and toybox applet execution weakened exec approval binding"
}

GHSA-2CQW-CP62-6FRC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-21 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-23 00:00
VLAI
Details

This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.7 and iPadOS 15.7, iOS 16, macOS Big Sur 11.7. An app may be able to bypass Privacy preferences.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-32854"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-09-20T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.7 and iPadOS 15.7, iOS 16, macOS Big Sur 11.7. An app may be able to bypass Privacy preferences.",
  "id": "GHSA-2cqw-cp62-6frc",
  "modified": "2022-09-23T00:00:31Z",
  "published": "2022-09-21T00:00:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32854"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213443"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213445"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213446"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213486"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/39"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/40"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/45"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/49"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2CRH-R3WQ-QG9G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-21 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-28 00:00
VLAI
Details

In Mahara 21.04 before 21.04.6, 21.10 before 21.10.4, and 22.04.2, files can sometimes be downloaded through thumb.php with no permission check.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-33913"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-06-20T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Mahara 21.04 before 21.04.6, 21.10 before 21.10.4, and 22.04.2, files can sometimes be downloaded through thumb.php with no permission check.",
  "id": "GHSA-2crh-r3wq-qg9g",
  "modified": "2022-06-28T00:00:47Z",
  "published": "2022-06-21T00:00:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-33913"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mahara.org/interaction/forum/topic.php?id=9138"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2CV2-PMJ7-QMCG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-15 21:31 – Updated: 2025-07-15 21:31
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools product of Oracle PeopleSoft (component: PIA Core Technology). Supported versions that are affected are 8.60, 8.61 and 8.62. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized read access to a subset of PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.3 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30747"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-15T20:15:28Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools product of Oracle PeopleSoft (component: PIA Core Technology).  Supported versions that are affected are 8.60, 8.61 and  8.62. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools.  Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in  unauthorized read access to a subset of PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.3 (Confidentiality impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).",
  "id": "GHSA-2cv2-pmj7-qmcg",
  "modified": "2025-07-15T21:31:39Z",
  "published": "2025-07-15T21:31:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30747"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2025.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2CV3-9JP8-RGG3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-27 00:00 – Updated: 2025-05-22 15:34
VLAI
Details

Insufficient validation of untrusted input in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 105.0.5195.52 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-3045"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787",
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-09-26T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Insufficient validation of untrusted input in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 105.0.5195.52 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.",
  "id": "GHSA-2cv3-9jp8-rgg3",
  "modified": "2025-05-22T15:34:43Z",
  "published": "2022-09-27T00:00:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3045"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/08/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_30.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://crbug.com/1339648"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/40060077"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/T4NMJURTG5RO3TGD7ZMIQ6Z4ZZ3SAVYE"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/T4NMJURTG5RO3TGD7ZMIQ6Z4ZZ3SAVYE"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202209-23"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2CVP-XH9W-M6Q5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-22 00:00
VLAI
Details

RESI Gemini-Net Web 4.2 is affected by Improper Access Control in authorization logic. An unauthenticated user is able to access some critical resources.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-29538"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-12T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "RESI Gemini-Net Web 4.2 is affected by Improper Access Control in authorization logic. An unauthenticated user is able to access some critical resources.",
  "id": "GHSA-2cvp-xh9w-m6q5",
  "modified": "2022-05-22T00:00:32Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T00:00:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29538"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.gruppotim.it/it/footer/red-team.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.resi.it/prodotti-soluzioni-commerciali/gemini-network-service-monitoring"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2F29-629X-3R89

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:37 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:37
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in Zammad before 3.5.1. A REST API call allows an attacker to change Ticket Article data in a way that defeats auditing.

Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-29160"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-12-28T08:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Zammad before 3.5.1. A REST API call allows an attacker to change Ticket Article data in a way that defeats auditing.",
  "id": "GHSA-2f29-629x-3r89",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:37:26Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:37:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-29160"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zammad/zammad/commit/28944de180a88698509a656f61558bf9d7f810f4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://zammad.com/en/advisories/zaa-2020-24"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-2F3F-CC79-6MFG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:05 – Updated: 2022-07-31 00:00
VLAI
Details

Improper access in Notification setting prior to SMR JUN-2021 Release 1 allows physically proximate attackers to set arbitrary notification via physically configuring device.

Severity
2.4 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-25409"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862",
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-06-11T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Improper access in Notification setting prior to SMR JUN-2021 Release 1 allows physically proximate attackers to set arbitrary notification via physically configuring device.",
  "id": "GHSA-2f3f-cc79-6mfg",
  "modified": "2022-07-31T00:00:57Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:05:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-25409"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/securityUpdate.smsb?year=2021\u0026month=6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2F58-3P8J-4MX4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-20 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-03 00:00
VLAI
Details

Improper access control in the CI/CD cache mechanism in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 1.0.2 before 14.8.6, all versions from 14.9.0 before 14.9.4, and all versions from 14.10.0 before 14.10.1 allows a malicious actor with Developer privileges to perform cache poisoning leading to arbitrary code execution in protected branches

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-1423"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-19T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper access control in the CI/CD cache mechanism in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 1.0.2 before 14.8.6, all versions from 14.9.0 before 14.9.4, and all versions from 14.10.0 before 14.10.1 allows a malicious actor with Developer privileges to perform cache poisoning leading to arbitrary code execution in protected branches",
  "id": "GHSA-2f58-3p8j-4mx4",
  "modified": "2022-06-03T00:00:54Z",
  "published": "2022-05-20T00:00:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1423"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1182375"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cves/-/blob/master/2022/CVE-2022-1423.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/330047"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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