CWE-158
Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes NUL characters or null bytes when they are sent to a downstream component.
CVE-2025-14388 (GCVE-0-2025-14388)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 09:20 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:31
VLAI
Title
PhastPress <= 3.7 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Read via Null Byte Injection
Summary
The PhastPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Read via null byte injection in all versions up to, and including, 3.7. This is due to a discrepancy between the extension validation in `getExtensionForURL()` which operates on URL-decoded paths, and `appendNormalized()` which strips everything after a null byte before constructing the filesystem path. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files from the webroot, including wp-config.php, by appending a double URL-encoded null byte (%2500) followed by an allowed extension (.txt) to the file path.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-158 - Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
Assigner
References
6 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| kiboit | PhastPress |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.7
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-47812 (GCVE-0-2025-47812)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-10 00:00 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:50
VLAI
Summary
In Wing FTP Server before 7.4.4. the user and admin web interfaces mishandle '\0' bytes, ultimately allowing injection of arbitrary Lua code into user session files. This can be used to execute arbitrary system commands with the privileges of the FTP service (root or SYSTEM by default). This is thus a remote code execution vulnerability that guarantees a total server compromise. This is also exploitable via anonymous FTP accounts.
Severity
10 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-158 - Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| wftpserver | Wing FTP Server |
Affected:
0 , < 7.4.4
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-55113 (GCVE-0-2025-55113)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-16 12:20 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:48
VLAI
Title
BMC Control-M/Agent unescaped NULL byte in access control list checks
Summary
If the Access Control List is enforced by the Control-M/Agent and the C router is in use (default in Out-of-support Control-M/Agent versions 9.0.18 to 9.0.20 and potentially earlier unsupported versions; non-default but configurable using the JAVA_AR setting in newer versions), the verification stops at the first NULL byte encountered in the email address referenced in the client certificate. An attacker could bypass configured ACLs by using a specially crafted certificate.
Severity
9 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-158 - Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://bmcapps.my.site.com/casemgmt/sc_Knowledge… | vendor-advisory |
| https://bmcapps.my.site.com/casemgmt/sc_Knowledge… | mitigation |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BMC | Control-M/Agent |
Affected:
9.0.22.000
(semver)
Affected: 9.0.21 (semver) Affected: 9.0.20 (semver) Affected: 9.0.19 (semver) Affected: 9.0.18 (semver) |
Credits
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CVE-2025-61985 (GCVE-0-2025-61985)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-06 00:00 – Updated: 2025-10-06 18:34
VLAI
Summary
ssh in OpenSSH before 10.1 allows the '\0' character in an ssh:// URI, potentially leading to code execution when a ProxyCommand is used.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-158 - Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
Assigner
References
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CVE-2025-66263 (GCVE-0-2025-66263)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-26 00:52 – Updated: 2025-11-26 16:10
VLAI
Title
Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Read via Null Byte Injection
Summary
Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Read via Null Byte Injection in DB Electronica Telecomunicazioni S.p.A. Mozart FM Transmitter versions 30, 50, 100, 300, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 3500, 6000, 7000 allows an attacker to perform Null byte injection in download_setting.php allows reading arbitrary files.
The `/var/tdf/download_setting.php` endpoint constructs file paths by concatenating user-controlled `$_GET['filename']` with a forced `.tgz` extension. Running on PHP 5.3.2 (pre-5.3.4), the application is vulnerable to null byte injection (%00), allowing attackers to bypass the extension restriction and traverse paths. By requesting `filename=../../../../etc/passwd%00`, the underlying C functions treat the null byte as a string terminator, ignoring the appended `.tgz` and enabling unauthenticated arbitrary file disclosure of any file readable by the web server user.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-158 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Read via Null Byte Injection
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.abdulmhsblog.com/posts/webfmvulns/ | exploittechnical-description |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DB Electronica Telecomunicazioni S.p.A. | Mozart FM Transmitter |
Affected:
30
Affected: 50 Affected: 100 Affected: 300 Affected: 500 Affected: 1000 Affected: 2000 Affected: 3000 Affected: 3500 Affected: 6000 Affected: 7000 |
Credits
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CVE-2025-9648 (GCVE-0-2025-9648)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-29 11:47 – Updated: 2025-09-29 12:53 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Denial of Service in CivetWeb
Summary
A vulnerability in the CivetWeb library's function mg_handle_form_request allows remote attackers to trigger a denial of service (DoS) condition. By sending a specially crafted HTTP POST request containing a null byte in the payload, the server enters an infinite loop during form data parsing. Multiple malicious requests will result in complete CPU exhaustion and render the service unresponsive to further requests.
This issue was fixed in commit 782e189. This issue affects only the library, standalone executable pre-built by vendor is not affected.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-158 - Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://cert.pl/en/posts/2025/09/CVE-2025-9648 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/civetweb/civetweb | product |
| https://github.com/civetweb/civetweb/issues/1348 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/civetweb/civetweb/commit/782e1… | patch |
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-09-29 09:55
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CVE-2026-28540 (GCVE-0-2026-28540)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-05 07:55 – Updated: 2026-03-05 15:40
VLAI
Summary
Out-of-bounds character read vulnerability in Bluetooth. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect service confidentiality.
Severity
4 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-158 - Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
Assigner
References
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CVE-2026-33191 (GCVE-0-2026-33191)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-20 07:54 – Updated: 2026-03-20 19:36
VLAI
Title
free5GC UDM vulnerable to null byte injection in URL path parameters causing 500 Internal Server Error
Summary
Free5GC is an open-source Linux Foundation project for 5th generation (5G) mobile core networks. Versions prior to 1.4.2
are vulnerable to null byte injection in URL path parameters. A remote attacker can inject null bytes (URL-encoded as %00) into the supi path parameter of the UDM's Nudm_SubscriberDataManagement API. This causes URL parsing failure in Go's net/url package with the error "invalid control character in URL", resulting in a 500 Internal Server Error. This null byte injection vulnerability can be exploited for denial of service attacks. When the supi parameter contains null characters, the UDM attempts to construct a URL for UDR that includes these control characters. Go's URL parser rejects them, causing the request to fail with 500 instead of properly validating input and returning 400 Bad Request. This issue has been fixed in version 1.4.2.
Severity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-41256 (GCVE-0-2026-41256)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 17:18 – Updated: 2026-05-11 20:13
VLAI
Title
jq: Embedded NUL truncates top-level jq programs loaded with -f
Summary
jq is a command-line JSON processor. In 1.8.1 and earlier, Top-level jq programs loaded from a file with -f are truncated at the first embedded NUL byte on current upstream HEAD. A crafted filter file such as . followed by \x00 and arbitrary suffix compiles and executes as only the prefix before the NUL. This leaves jq with a post-CVE-2026-33948 prefix/full-buffer mismatch on the compilation path even though the JSON parser path has already been fixed.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-158 - Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/jqlang/jq/security/advisories/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-4359 (GCVE-0-2026-4359)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-17 19:42 – Updated: 2026-03-18 20:00
VLAI
Title
Heap-buffer-over-read in _mongoc_http_send via strstr on non-null-terminated buffer
Summary
A compromised third party cloud server or man-in-the-middle attacker could send a malformed HTTP response and cause a crash in applications using the MongoDB C driver.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-158 - Improper neutralization of null byte or NUL character
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MongoDB Inc | MongoDB C Driver |
Affected:
0 , < 2.2.3
(custom)
|
Credits
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Mitigation
Phases:
Description:
- Developers should anticipate that null characters or null bytes will be injected/removed/manipulated in the input vectors of their product. Use an appropriate combination of denylists and allowlists to ensure only valid, expected and appropriate input is processed by the system.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation ID: MIT-20
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
CAPEC-52: Embedding NULL Bytes
An adversary embeds one or more null bytes in input to the target software. This attack relies on the usage of a null-valued byte as a string terminator in many environments. The goal is for certain components of the target software to stop processing the input when it encounters the null byte(s).
CAPEC-53: Postfix, Null Terminate, and Backslash
If a string is passed through a filter of some kind, then a terminal NULL may not be valid. Using alternate representation of NULL allows an adversary to embed the NULL mid-string while postfixing the proper data so that the filter is avoided. One example is a filter that looks for a trailing slash character. If a string insertion is possible, but the slash must exist, an alternate encoding of NULL in mid-string may be used.