CWE-522
Insufficiently Protected Credentials
The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.
CVE-2025-10360 (GCVE-0-2025-10360)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-24 15:49 – Updated: 2025-09-24 16:12
VLAI
Title
Insufficiently Protected Credentials in Puppet Enterprise 2025.4 and 2025.5
Summary
In Puppet Enterprise versions 2025.4.0 and 2025.5, the encryption key used for encrypting content in the Infra Assistant database was not excluded from the files gathered by Puppet backup. The key is only present on the system if the user has a Puppet Enterprise Advanced license and has enabled the Infra Assistant feature. The key is used for encrypting one particular bit of data in the Infra Assistant database: the API key for their AI provider account. This has been fixed in Puppet Enterprise version 2025.6, and release notes for 2025.6 have remediation steps for users of affected versions who can't update to the latest version.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perforce | Puppet Enterprise |
Affected:
2025.4 , ≤ 2025.5
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-24 15:45
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CVE-2025-10879 (GCVE-0-2025-10879)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-25 16:31 – Updated: 2025-09-25 19:34
VLAI
Title
Insufficiently Protected Credentials in Dingtian DT-R002
Summary
All versions of Dingtian DT-R002 are vulnerable to an Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability that could allow an attacker to retrieve the current user's username without authentication.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/i… | government-resource |
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CVE-2025-10880 (GCVE-0-2025-10880)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-25 16:32 – Updated: 2025-09-25 18:07
VLAI
Title
Insufficiently Protected Credentials in Dingtian DT-R002
Summary
All versions of Dingtian DT-R002 are vulnerable to an Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability that could allow an attacker to extract the proprietary "Dingtian Binary" protocol password by sending an unauthenticated GET request.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/i… | government-resource |
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CVE-2025-12461 (GCVE-0-2025-12461)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-29 10:51 – Updated: 2025-10-29 13:33
VLAI
Title
Unprotected access to parts of the application in Epsilon RH by Grupo Castilla
Summary
This vulnerability allows an attacker to access parts of the application that are not protected by any type of access control. The attacker could access this path ‘…/epsilonnet/License/About.aspx’ and obtain information on both the licence and the configuration of the product by knowing which modules are installed.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grupo Castilla | Epsilon RH |
Affected:
3.03.36.0185
|
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CVE-2025-12636 (GCVE-0-2025-12636)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-06 22:15 – Updated: 2026-01-28 16:06
VLAI
Title
Ubia Ubox
Summary
The Ubia camera ecosystem fails to adequately secure API credentials,
potentially enabling an attacker to connect to backend services. The
attacker would then be able to gain unauthorized access to available
cameras, enabling the viewing of live feeds or modification of settings.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubia | Ubox Android |
Affected:
0 , < January 15, 2026
(custom)
|
|
| Ubia | Ubox IOS |
Affected:
0 , < January 15, 2026
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-13163 (GCVE-0-2025-13163)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-17 06:17 – Updated: 2025-11-17 16:21
VLAI
Title
Digiwin｜EasyFlow GP - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Summary
EasyFlow GP developed by Digiwin has an Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability, allowing privileged remote attackers to obtain plaintext database account credentials from the system frontend.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10503-a66fe-1.html | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10504-23f4c-2.html | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Digiwin | EasyFlow GP |
Affected:
5.8.8.3 , ≤ 5.8.11.1.0810112
(custom)
Affected: 8.1.* , ≤ 8.1.1.2 (custom) |
Date Public
2025-11-17 06:13
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CVE-2025-13164 (GCVE-0-2025-13164)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-17 06:23 – Updated: 2025-11-17 16:19
VLAI
Title
Digiwin｜EasyFlow GP - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Summary
EasyFlow GP developed by Digiwin has an Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability, allowing privileged remote attackers to obtain plaintext credentials of AD and system mail from the system frontend.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10503-a66fe-1.html | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10504-23f4c-2.html | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Digiwin | EasyFlow GP |
Affected:
5.8.8.3 , ≤ 5.8.11.1.0810112
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-11-17 06:17
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CVE-2025-13477 (GCVE-0-2025-13477)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-21 12:41 – Updated: 2026-05-21 14:10
VLAI
Title
OTP Bypass in Digital Operation Services' WifiBurada
Summary
Exposure of private personal information to an unauthorized actor, Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability in Digital Operations Services Inc. WifiBurada allows Authentication Bypass.
This issue affects WifiBurada: through 21052026. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimler… | government-resource |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Digital Operations Services Inc. | WifiBurada |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 21052026
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-05-21 11:19
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CVE-2025-13478 (GCVE-0-2025-13478)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-27 13:43 – Updated: 2026-03-27 13:53
VLAI
Title
Cache Misconfiguration Leading to Cross-User Data Exposure
Summary
Cache misconfiguration vulnerability in OpenText Identity Manager on Windows, Linux allows remote authenticated users to obtain another user's session data via insecure application cache handling. This issue affects Identity Manager: 25.2(v4.10.1).
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OpenText | Identity Manager |
Affected:
25.2(v4.10.1)
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CVE-2025-14148 (GCVE-0-2025-14148)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-15 19:43 – Updated: 2025-12-15 20:27
VLAI
Title
IBM DevOps Deploy is susceptible to a Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability
Summary
IBM UCD - IBM DevOps Deploy 8.1 through 8.1.2.3 could allow an authenticated user with LLM integration configuration privileges to recover a previously saved LLM API Token.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7254663 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | UCD - IBM DevOps Deploy |
Affected:
8.1 , ≤ 8.1.2.3
(semver)
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft
An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.
CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation
An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.