Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Missing Authorization

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

CVE-2025-9954 (GCVE-0-2025-9954)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-29 23:12 – Updated: 2025-10-30 14:45
VLAI
Title
Acquia DAM - Moderately critical - Access bypass, Information Disclosure - SA-CONTRIB-2025-105
Summary
Missing Authorization vulnerability in Drupal Acquia DAM allows Forceful Browsing.This issue affects Acquia DAM: from 0.0.0 before 1.1.5.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Drupal Acquia DAM Affected: 0.0.0 , < 1.1.5 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-09-03 16:15
Credits
Brandon Goodwin (bgoodie) Chris Burge (chris burge) Todd Woofenden (toddwoof) Chris Burge (chris burge) Damien McKenna (damienmckenna) Jakob P (japerry) Todd Woofenden (toddwoof) cilefen (cilefen) Greg Knaddison (greggles) Cathy Theys (yesct)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-9979 (GCVE-0-2025-9979)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-10 06:38 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:03
VLAI
Title
Maspik <= 2.5.6 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Missing Authorization to Spam Log Export
Summary
The Maspik plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in version 2.5.6 and prior. This is due to missing capability checks on the Maspik_spamlog_download_csv function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to export and download the spam log database containing blocked submission attempts, which may include misclassified but legitimate submissions with sensitive data.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
yonifre Maspik – Ultimate Spam Protection Affected: 0 , ≤ 2.5.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Dmitrii Ignatyev
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-9984 (GCVE-0-2025-9984)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-26 04:25 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:09
VLAI
Title
Featured Image from URL (FIFU) <= 5.2.7 - Missing Authorization to Password Protected Post Disclosure
Summary
The Featured Image from URL (FIFU) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the fifu_api_debug_posts() function in all versions up to, and including, 5.2.7. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to read private/password protected posts.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
marceljm Featured Image from URL (FIFU) Affected: 0 , ≤ 5.2.7 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
ifoundbug
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-0246 (GCVE-0-2026-0246)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-13 18:51 – Updated: 2026-05-13 19:30
VLAI
Title
Prisma Access Agent: Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability with a privilege management mechanism in the Palo Alto Networks Prisma Access Agent® enables a locally authenticated non-administrative user to escalate their privileges to root on macOS and Linux or NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM on Windows. This allows the user to execute arbitrary code and read sensitive information otherwise accessible only to privileged accounts. The Prisma Access Agent on iOS, Android and Chrome OS are not affected.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-13 16:00
Credits
Palo Alto Networks thanks our internal security research teams for discovering and reporting this issue.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-0272 (GCVE-0-2026-0272)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 21:01 – Updated: 2026-06-11 10:17
VLAI
Title
PAN-OS: Privilege Escalation (PE) Vulnerability in the Command Line Interface (CLI)
Summary
A privilege escalation vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS® software allows an authenticated administrator with access to the Command Line Interface (CLI) to perform actions on the device with root privileges. The security risk posed by this issue is significantly minimized when CLI access is restricted to a limited group of administrators and by restricting access to the management interface to only trusted internal IP addresses according to our recommended best practice deployment guidelines https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431 . This issue is applicable to PAN-OS software on PA-Series and VM-Series firewalls and on Panorama (virtual and M-Series). Cloud NGFW, and Prisma® Access are not impacted by this vulnerability.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Palo Alto Networks Cloud NGFW Unaffected: All (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS Affected: 12.1.0 , < 12.1.4-h7 (custom)
Affected: 11.2.0 , < 11.2.4-h18 (custom)
Affected: 11.1.0 , < 11.1.4-h34 (custom)
Affected: 10.2.0 , < 10.2.7-h35 (custom)
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Create a notification for this product.
Palo Alto Networks Prisma Access Unaffected: All (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-10 16:00
Credits
Palo Alto Networks thanks an external reporter, Frigo, for discovering and reporting this issue.
Show details on NVD website

{
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                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
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                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-11T03:55:35.701340Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
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          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
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            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "CONCENTRATED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/AU:N/R:U/V:C/RE:M/U:Amber",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "MODERATE"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "You can reduce the risk of exploitation by restricting access to a jump box that is the only system allowed to access the management interface."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-862",
              "description": "CWE-862 Missing Authorization",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-10T21:01:10.714Z",
        "orgId": "d6c1279f-00f6-4ef7-9217-f89ffe703ec0",
        "shortName": "palo_alto"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2026-0272"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "eng",
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              "value": "\u003ctable class=\"tbl\"\u003e\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eVersion\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth\u003eMinor Version Range\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth\u003eSuggested Solution\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/thead\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003eCloud NGFW\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eNo action needed.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003ePAN-OS 12.1\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e12.1.2 through 12.1.4-h*\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to 12.1.4-h7 or 12.1.5 or later.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003ePAN-OS 11.2\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e11.2.8 through 11.2.10-h*\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to 11.2.10-h9 or 11.2.11 or later.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e11.2.5 through 11.2.7-h*\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to 11.2.7-h16 or 11.2.11 or later.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e11.2.0 through 11.2.4-h*\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to 11.2.4-h18 or 11.2.11 or later.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003ePAN-OS 11.1\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e11.1.11 through 11.1.13-h*\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to 11.1.13-h7 or 11.1.14 or later.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e11.1.7 through 11.1.10-h*\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to 11.1.10-h27 or 11.1.14 or later.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e11.1.5 through 11.1.6-h*\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to 11.1.6-h33 or 11.1.14 or later.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e11.1.0 through 11.1.4-h*\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to 11.1.4-h34 or 11.1.14 or later.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003ePAN-OS 10.2\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e10.2.17 through 10.2.18-h*\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to 10.2.18-h5 or later.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e10.2.14 through 10.2.16-h*\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to 10.2.16-h8 or 10.2.18-h5 or later.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e10.2.11 through 10.2.13-h*\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to 10.2.13-h22 or 10.2.18-h5 or later.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e10.2.8 through 10.2.10-h*\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to 10.2.10-h37 or 10.2.18-h5 or later.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e10.2.0 through 10.2.7-h*\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to 10.2.7-h35 or 10.2.18-h5 or later.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003eAll other older\u003cbr\u003eunsupported\u003cbr\u003ePAN-OS versions\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eUpgrade to a supported fixed version.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003ePrisma Access\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eNo action needed.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tbody\u003e\u003c/table\u003e"
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          ],
          "value": "VERSION           MINOR VERSION RANGE          SUGGESTED SOLUTION\nCloud NGFW                                     No action needed.\nPAN-OS 12.1       12.1.2 through 12.1.4-h*     Upgrade to 12.1.4-h7 or 12.1.5 or later.\nPAN-OS 11.2       11.2.8 through 11.2.10-h*    Upgrade to 11.2.10-h9 or 11.2.11 or later.\n                  11.2.5 through 11.2.7-h*     Upgrade to 11.2.7-h16 or 11.2.11 or later.\n                  11.2.0 through 11.2.4-h*     Upgrade to 11.2.4-h18 or 11.2.11 or later.\nPAN-OS 11.1       11.1.11 through 11.1.13-h*   Upgrade to 11.1.13-h7 or 11.1.14 or later.\n                  11.1.7 through 11.1.10-h*    Upgrade to 11.1.10-h27 or 11.1.14 or later.\n                  11.1.5 through 11.1.6-h*     Upgrade to 11.1.6-h33 or 11.1.14 or later.\n                  11.1.0 through 11.1.4-h*     Upgrade to 11.1.4-h34 or 11.1.14 or later.\nPAN-OS 10.2       10.2.17 through 10.2.18-h*   Upgrade to 10.2.18-h5 or later.\n                  10.2.14 through 10.2.16-h*   Upgrade to 10.2.16-h8 or 10.2.18-h5 or later.\n                  10.2.11 through 10.2.13-h*   Upgrade to 10.2.13-h22 or 10.2.18-h5 or later.\n                  10.2.8 through 10.2.10-h*    Upgrade to 10.2.10-h37 or 10.2.18-h5 or later.\n                  10.2.0 through 10.2.7-h*     Upgrade to 10.2.7-h35 or 10.2.18-h5 or later.\nAll other older                                Upgrade to a supported fixed version.\nunsupported\nPAN-OS versions\nPrisma Access                                  No action needed."
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-06-10T16:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Initial publication."
        }
      ],
      "title": "PAN-OS: Privilege Escalation (PE) Vulnerability in the Command Line Interface (CLI)",
      "workarounds": [
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          "lang": "eng",
          "supportingMedia": [
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              "value": "\u003cp\u003eThe vast majority of firewalls already follow Palo Alto Networks\u0027 and industry best practices. However, if you have not already, we strongly recommend that you secure access to your management interface according to our \u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431\"\u003ebest practice deployment guidelines\u003c/a\u003e. Specifically, you should restrict management interface access to only trusted internal IP addresses.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eReview information about how to secure management access to your Palo Alto Networks firewalls:\u003c/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431\"\u003ePalo Alto Networks LIVEcommunity article\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/best-practices/10-1/administrative-access-best-practices/administrative-access-best-practices/deploy-administrative-access-best-practices\"\u003ePalo Alto Networks official and detailed technical documentation\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "The vast majority of firewalls already follow Palo Alto Networks\u0027 and industry best practices. However, if you have not already, we strongly recommend that you secure access to your management interface according to our best practice deployment guidelines (https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431). Specifically, you should restrict management interface access to only trusted internal IP addresses.\n\nReview information about how to secure management access to your Palo Alto Networks firewalls:\n\n * Palo Alto Networks LIVEcommunity article (https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431)\n * Palo Alto Networks official and detailed technical documentation (https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/best-practices/10-1/administrative-access-best-practices/administrative-access-best-practices/deploy-administrative-access-best-practices)"
        }
      ],
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        "PAN-OS 12.1.4-h5",
        "PAN-OS 12.1.4-h3",
        "PAN-OS 12.1.4-h2",
        "PAN-OS 12.1.4",
        "PAN-OS 12.1.3-h3",
        "PAN-OS 12.1.3-h1",
        "PAN-OS 12.1.3",
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        "PAN-OS 11.2.10-h8",
        "PAN-OS 11.2.10-h7",
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        "PAN-OS 11.2.10-h5",
        "PAN-OS 11.2.10-h4",
        "PAN-OS 11.2.10-h3",
        "PAN-OS 11.2.10-h2",
        "PAN-OS 11.2.10-h1",
        "PAN-OS 11.2.10",
        "PAN-OS 11.2.9",
        "PAN-OS 11.2.8",
        "PAN-OS 11.2.7-h15",
        "PAN-OS 11.2.7-h14",
        "PAN-OS 11.2.7-h13",
        "PAN-OS 11.2.7-h12",
        "PAN-OS 11.2.7-h11",
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CVE-2026-0486 (GCVE-0-2026-0486)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-10 03:00 – Updated: 2026-02-10 15:45
VLAI
Title
Missing Authorization Check in ABAP based SAP systems
Summary
In ABAP based SAP systems a remote enabled function module does not perform necessary authorization checks for an authenticated user resulting in disclosure of system information.This has low impact on confidentiality. Integrity and availability are not impacted.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
sap
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SAP_SE ABAP based SAP systems Affected: ST-PI 2005_1_700
Affected: 2008_1_710
Affected: 740
Affected: 758
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-0488 (GCVE-0-2026-0488)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-10 03:01 – Updated: 2026-02-26 15:04
VLAI
Title
Code Injection vulnerability in SAP CRM and SAP S/4HANA (Scripting Editor)
Summary
An authenticated attacker in SAP CRM and SAP S/4HANA (Scripting Editor) could exploit a flaw in a generic function module call and execute unauthorized critical functionalities, which includes the ability to execute an arbitrary SQL statement. This leads to a full database compromise with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
sap
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SAP_SE SAP CRM and SAP S/4HANA (Scripting Editor) Affected: S4FND 102
Affected: 103
Affected: 104
Affected: 105
Affected: 106
Affected: 107
Affected: 108
Affected: 109
Affected: SAP_ABA 700
Affected: WEBCUIF 700
Affected: 701
Affected: 730
Affected: 731
Affected: 746
Affected: 747
Affected: 748
Affected: 800
Affected: 801
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-0490 (GCVE-0-2026-0490)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-10 03:01 – Updated: 2026-02-10 16:34
VLAI
Title
Denial of service (DOS) in SAP BusinessObjects BI Platform
Summary
SAP BusinessObjects BI Platform allows an unauthenticated attacker to craft a specific network request to the trusted endpoint that breaks the authentication, which prevents the legitimate users from accessing the platform. As a result, it has a high impact on the availability but no impact on the confidentiality and integrity.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
sap
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SAP_SE SAP BusinessObjects BI Platform Affected: ENTERPRISE 430
Affected: 2025
Affected: 2027
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-0497 (GCVE-0-2026-0497)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-13 01:13 – Updated: 2026-01-13 15:15
VLAI
Title
Missing Authorization check in Business Server Pages Application (Product Designer Web UI)
Summary
SAP Product Designer Web UI of Business Server Pages allows authenticated non-administrative users to access non-sensitive information. This results in a low impact on confidentiality, with no impact on integrity or availability of the application.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
sap
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SAP_SE Business Server Pages Application (Product Designer Web UI) Affected: SAP_APPL 618
Affected: S4CORE 102
Affected: 103
Affected: 104
Affected: 105
Affected: 106
Affected: 107
Affected: 108
Affected: 109
Affected: EA-APPL 600
Affected: 602
Affected: 603
Affected: 604
Affected: 605
Affected: 606
Affected: 617
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-0503 (GCVE-0-2026-0503)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-13 01:14 – Updated: 2026-01-13 19:09
VLAI
Title
Missing Authorization check in in SAP ERP Central Component and SAP S/4HANA (SAP EHS Management)
Summary
Due to missing authorization check in the SAP ERP Central Component (SAP ECC) and SAP S/4HANA (SAP EHS Management), an attacker could extract hardcoded clear-text credentials and bypass the password authentication check by manipulating user parameters. Upon successful exploitation, the attacker can access, modify or delete certain change pointer information within EHS objects in the application which might further affect the subsequent systems. This vulnerability leads to a low impact on confidentiality and integrity of the application with no affect on the availability.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
sap
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SAP_SE SAP ERP Central Component and SAP S/4HANA (SAP EHS Management) Affected: SAP_APPL 618
Affected: S4CORE 102
Affected: 103
Affected: 104
Affected: 105
Affected: 106
Affected: 107
Affected: 108
Affected: 109
Affected: EA-APPL 605
Affected: 606
Affected: 617
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation ID: MIT-4.4

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Description:

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation

Phases: System Configuration, Installation

Description:

  • Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.

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