CWE-1021
AllowedImproper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The web application does not restrict or incorrectly restricts frame objects or UI layers that belong to another application or domain.
451 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-RH22-RCV2-42X3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-26 15:31 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:32A crafted URL containing Arabic script and whitespace characters could have hidden the true origin of the page, resulting in a potential spoofing attack. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 133, Firefox ESR < 128.5, Thunderbird < 133, and Thunderbird < 128.5.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11695"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-26T14:15:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A crafted URL containing Arabic script and whitespace characters could have hidden the true origin of the page, resulting in a potential spoofing attack. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 133, Firefox ESR \u003c 128.5, Thunderbird \u003c 133, and Thunderbird \u003c 128.5.",
"id": "GHSA-rh22-rcv2-42x3",
"modified": "2025-11-04T00:32:07Z",
"published": "2024-11-26T15:31:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11695"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1925496"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/11/msg00029.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-63"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-64"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-67"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-68"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RHPQ-GC3G-23VR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:53 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:53In functionality implemented in System UI, there are insufficient protections implemented around overlay windows. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: Android. Versions: Android-7.0 Android-7.1.1 Android-7.1.2 Android-8.0 Android-8.1. Android ID: A-34170870
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-9524"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-14T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In functionality implemented in System UI, there are insufficient protections implemented around overlay windows. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: Android. Versions: Android-7.0 Android-7.1.1 Android-7.1.2 Android-8.0 Android-8.1. Android ID: A-34170870",
"id": "GHSA-rhpq-gc3g-23vr",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:53:56Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:53:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-9524"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2018-11-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105848"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RJ6W-4JRJ-F27J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-31 12:30 – Updated: 2023-12-31 12:30A vulnerability has been identified in OnCell G3150A-LTE Series firmware versions v1.3 and prior. The vulnerability result from incorrectly restricts frame objects, which lead to user confusion about which interface the user is interacting with.
This vulnerability may lead attacker to trick user into interacting with the application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-6093"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-31T10:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "\nA vulnerability has been identified in OnCell G3150A-LTE Series firmware versions v1.3 and prior. The vulnerability result from incorrectly restricts frame objects, which lead to user confusion about which interface the user is interacting with.\n\nThis vulnerability may lead attacker to trick user into interacting with the application.\n\n\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-rj6w-4jrj-f27j",
"modified": "2023-12-31T12:30:31Z",
"published": "2023-12-31T12:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6093"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.moxa.com/en/support/product-support/security-advisory/oncell-g3150a-lte-series-multiple-web-application-vulnerabilities-and-security-enhancement"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RJGV-F67W-7WG6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-11 21:31 – Updated: 2026-05-13 21:31The issue was addressed with improved UI handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.5 and iPadOS 26.5, macOS Tahoe 26.5, visionOS 26.5. A malicious iframe may use another website’s download settings.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-28971"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-11T21:18:57Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The issue was addressed with improved UI handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.5 and iPadOS 26.5, macOS Tahoe 26.5, visionOS 26.5. A malicious iframe may use another website\u2019s download settings.",
"id": "GHSA-rjgv-f67w-7wg6",
"modified": "2026-05-13T21:31:59Z",
"published": "2026-05-11T21:31:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28971"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/127110"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/127115"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/127120"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/127121"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RMR2-X2HH-X22H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-28 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:14In hasInputInfo of Layer.cpp, there is a possible bypass of user interaction requirements due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-13Android ID: A-194480991
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-20443"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-28T18:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In hasInputInfo of Layer.cpp, there is a possible bypass of user interaction requirements due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-13Android ID: A-194480991",
"id": "GHSA-rmr2-x2hh-x22h",
"modified": "2024-04-04T05:14:28Z",
"published": "2023-06-28T18:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20443"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/android-13"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRWG-382G-W6J8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-25 00:00This vulnerability allows users to execute a clickjacking attack in the meeting's chat.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27773"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-12T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows users to execute a clickjacking attack in the meeting\u0027s chat.",
"id": "GHSA-rrwg-382g-w6j8",
"modified": "2022-05-25T00:00:36Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T00:00:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27773"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hcltechsw.com/csm?id=kb_article\u0026sysparm_article=KB0097430"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RV75-MVRQ-37G2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-22 18:31 – Updated: 2026-04-22 18:31GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 18.11 before 18.11.1 that under certain conditions could have allowed an authenticated user to load unauthorized content into another user's browser due to improper input validation in the Mermaid sandbox.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-3254"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-22T17:16:43Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 18.11 before 18.11.1 that under certain conditions could have allowed an authenticated user to load unauthorized content into another user\u0027s browser due to improper input validation in the Mermaid sandbox.",
"id": "GHSA-rv75-mvrq-37g2",
"modified": "2026-04-22T18:31:47Z",
"published": "2026-04-22T18:31:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-3254"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/3572752"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/work_items/591587"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RWH8-H525-4JVJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:35 – Updated: 2024-04-25 20:39Improper restriction of rendered UI layers or frames in EC-CUBE versions from 3.0.0 to 3.0.18 leads to clickjacking attacks. If a user accesses a specially crafted page while logged into the administrative page, unintended operations may be conducted.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "ec-cube/ec-cube"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"last_affected": "3.0.18"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-5679"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-25T20:39:31Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-12-03T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper restriction of rendered UI layers or frames in EC-CUBE versions from 3.0.0 to 3.0.18 leads to clickjacking attacks. If a user accesses a specially crafted page while logged into the administrative page, unintended operations may be conducted.",
"id": "GHSA-rwh8-h525-4jvj",
"modified": "2024-04-25T20:39:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:35:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5679"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/EC-CUBE/ec-cube"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN24457594/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ec-cube.net/info/weakness"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "EC-CUBE Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames"
}
GHSA-RX3F-2WFJ-P6WV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-05 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-06 00:30PLANKA 2.0.0 lacks X-Frame-Options and CSP frame-ancestors headers, allowing the application to be embedded within malicious iframes. While this does not lead to unintended modification of projects or tasks, it exposes users to Phishing attacks. Attackers can frame the legitimate Planka application on a malicious site to establish false trust (UI Redressing), potentially tricking users into entering sensitive information or credentials into overlaid fake forms. NOTE: this is disputed by the Supplier because "PLANKA uses SameSite=Strict cookies, preventing authentication in cross-origin contexts. No session can be established. No credential interception or unauthorized actions are possible. Browser Same-Origin Policy prevents the parent page from accessing iframe content. Clickjacking is not applicable on the login page. Any credential capture would require attacker-controlled input and user interaction equivalent to phishing. The security outcome depends entirely on the user's trust in the parent page. An attacker can achieve the same effect with a fully fake login page. Embedding the legitimate page adds no risk, as browsers do not show URL, certificate, or padlock indicators in cross-origin iframes."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-65922"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-05T18:15:44Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PLANKA 2.0.0 lacks X-Frame-Options and CSP frame-ancestors headers, allowing the application to be embedded within malicious iframes. While this does not lead to unintended modification of projects or tasks, it exposes users to Phishing attacks. Attackers can frame the legitimate Planka application on a malicious site to establish false trust (UI Redressing), potentially tricking users into entering sensitive information or credentials into overlaid fake forms. NOTE: this is disputed by the Supplier because \"PLANKA uses SameSite=Strict cookies, preventing authentication in cross-origin contexts. No session can be established. No credential interception or unauthorized actions are possible. Browser Same-Origin Policy prevents the parent page from accessing iframe content. Clickjacking is not applicable on the login page. Any credential capture would require attacker-controlled input and user interaction equivalent to phishing. The security outcome depends entirely on the user\u0027s trust in the parent page. An attacker can achieve the same effect with a fully fake login page. Embedding the legitimate page adds no risk, as browsers do not show URL, certificate, or padlock indicators in cross-origin iframes.\"",
"id": "GHSA-rx3f-2wfj-p6wv",
"modified": "2026-01-06T00:30:22Z",
"published": "2026-01-05T18:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-65922"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/09OHs/CVE/blob/e67290bef68d35980d10fd87c9c4403d8e40fc2c/CVE-2025-65922/CVE-2025-65922.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/plankanban/planka"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RX9G-GPPV-RXR4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:40 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:40IBM Jazz Foundation products could allow a remote attacker to hijack the clicking action of the victim. By persuading a victim to visit a malicious Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to hijack the victim's click actions and possibly launch further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 183315.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-4547"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-27T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Jazz Foundation products could allow a remote attacker to hijack the clicking action of the victim. By persuading a victim to visit a malicious Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to hijack the victim\u0027s click actions and possibly launch further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 183315.",
"id": "GHSA-rx9g-gppv-rxr4",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:40:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:40:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-4547"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/183315"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6408694"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
- The use of X-Frame-Options allows developers of web content to restrict the usage of their application within the form of overlays, frames, or iFrames. The developer can indicate from which domains can frame the content.
- The concept of X-Frame-Options is well documented, but implementation of this protection mechanism is in development to cover gaps. There is a need for allowing frames from multiple domains.
Mitigation
- A developer can use a "frame-breaker" script in each page that should not be framed. This is very helpful for legacy browsers that do not support X-Frame-Options security feature previously mentioned.
- It is also important to note that this tactic has been circumvented or bypassed. Improper usage of frames can persist in the web application through nested frames. The "frame-breaking" script does not intuitively account for multiple nested frames that can be presented to the user.
Mitigation
This defense-in-depth technique can be used to prevent the improper usage of frames in web applications. It prioritizes the valid sources of data to be loaded into the application through the usage of declarative policies. Based on which implementation of Content Security Policy is in use, the developer should use the "frame-ancestors" directive or the "frame-src" directive to mitigate this weakness. Both directives allow for the placement of restrictions when it comes to allowing embedded content.
Mitigation
In addition to frames or iframes as previously mentioned, the web application is expected to place restrictions on whether it is allowed to be rendered within objects, embed, or applet elements.
CAPEC-103: Clickjacking
An adversary tricks a victim into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from a seemingly completely different, usually an adversary controlled or intended, system.
CAPEC-181: Flash File Overlay
An attacker creates a transparent overlay using flash in order to intercept user actions for the purpose of performing a clickjacking attack. In this technique, the Flash file provides a transparent overlay over HTML content. Because the Flash application is on top of the content, user actions, such as clicks, are caught by the Flash application rather than the underlying HTML. The action is then interpreted by the overlay to perform the actions the attacker wishes.
CAPEC-222: iFrame Overlay
In an iFrame overlay attack the victim is tricked into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from seemingly completely different system.
CAPEC-504: Task Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates an expected or routine task in an attempt to steal sensitive information or leverage a user's privileges.
CAPEC-506: Tapjacking
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, displays an interface that misleads the user and convinces them to tap on an attacker desired location on the screen. This is often accomplished by overlaying one screen on top of another while giving the appearance of a single interface. There are two main techniques used to accomplish this. The first is to leverage transparent properties that allow taps on the screen to pass through the visible application to an application running in the background. The second is to strategically place a small object (e.g., a button or text field) on top of the visible screen and make it appear to be a part of the underlying application. In both cases, the user is convinced to tap on the screen but does not realize the application that they are interacting with.
CAPEC-587: Cross Frame Scripting (XFS)
This attack pattern combines malicious Javascript and a legitimate webpage loaded into a concealed iframe. The malicious Javascript is then able to interact with a legitimate webpage in a manner that is unknown to the user. This attack usually leverages some element of social engineering in that an attacker must convinces a user to visit a web page that the attacker controls.
CAPEC-654: Credential Prompt Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates a credential prompt in an attempt to steal a user's credentials.