Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11369 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-RRFP-J2MP-HQ9C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-11-13 17:13 – Updated: 2024-10-30 21:22
VLAI
Summary
Segfault in `tf.quantization.quantize_and_dequantize`
Details
Impact
An attacker can pass an invalid axis value to tf.quantization.quantize_and_dequantize:
tf.quantization.quantize_and_dequantize(
input=[2.5, 2.5], input_min=[0,0], input_max=[1,1], axis=10)
This results in accessing a dimension outside the rank of the input tensor in the C++ kernel implementation:
const int depth = (axis_ == -1) ? 1 : input.dim_size(axis_);
However, dim_size only does a DCHECK to validate the argument and then uses it to access the corresponding element of an array:
int64 TensorShapeBase<Shape>::dim_size(int d) const {
DCHECK_GE(d, 0);
DCHECK_LT(d, dims());
DoStuffWith(dims_[d]);
}
Since in normal builds, DCHECK-like macros are no-ops, this results in segfault and access out of bounds of the array.
Patches
We have patched the issue in eccb7ec454e6617738554a255d77f08e60ee0808 and will release TensorFlow 2.4.0 containing the patch. TensorFlow nightly packages after this commit will also have the issue resolved.
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
Attribution
This vulnerability has been reported in #42105
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-15265"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-11-13T17:11:27Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-10-21T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nAn attacker can pass an invalid `axis` value to `tf.quantization.quantize_and_dequantize`:\n\n```python\ntf.quantization.quantize_and_dequantize(\n input=[2.5, 2.5], input_min=[0,0], input_max=[1,1], axis=10)\n```\n\nThis results in accessing [a dimension outside the rank of the input tensor](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/0225022b725993bfc19b87a02a2faaad9a53bc17/tensorflow/core/kernels/quantize_and_dequantize_op.cc#L74) in the C++ kernel implementation:\n```\nconst int depth = (axis_ == -1) ? 1 : input.dim_size(axis_);\n```\n\nHowever, [`dim_size` only does a `DCHECK`](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/0225022b725993bfc19b87a02a2faaad9a53bc17/tensorflow/core/framework/tensor_shape.cc#L292-L307) to validate the argument and then uses it to access the corresponding element of an array:\n```\nint64 TensorShapeBase\u003cShape\u003e::dim_size(int d) const {\n DCHECK_GE(d, 0);\n DCHECK_LT(d, dims());\n DoStuffWith(dims_[d]);\n}\n```\n\nSince in normal builds, `DCHECK`-like macros are no-ops, this results in segfault and access out of bounds of the array.\n\n### Patches\n\nWe have patched the issue in eccb7ec454e6617738554a255d77f08e60ee0808 and will release TensorFlow 2.4.0 containing the patch. TensorFlow nightly packages after this commit will also have the issue resolved.\n\n### For more information\nPlease consult [our security guide](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/SECURITY.md) for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.\n\n### Attribution\nThis vulnerability has been reported in #42105",
"id": "GHSA-rrfp-j2mp-hq9c",
"modified": "2024-10-30T21:22:54Z",
"published": "2020-11-13T17:13:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/security/advisories/GHSA-rrfp-j2mp-hq9c"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15265"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/issues/42105"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/eccb7ec454e6617738554a255d77f08e60ee0808"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow-cpu/PYSEC-2020-295.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow-gpu/PYSEC-2020-330.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow/PYSEC-2020-138.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Segfault in `tf.quantization.quantize_and_dequantize`"
}
GHSA-RRFX-QCPC-VXC6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:53 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:53
VLAI
Details
Incorrect handling of Reflect.construct in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 71.0.3578.80 allowed a remote attacker to perform an out of bounds memory read via a crafted HTML page.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-18359"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-12-11T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Incorrect handling of Reflect.construct in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 71.0.3578.80 allowed a remote attacker to perform an out of bounds memory read via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-rrfx-qcpc-vxc6",
"modified": "2022-05-14T00:53:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:53:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-18359"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3803"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2018/12/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/907714"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-18"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4352"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106084"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRG6-F895-JQ87
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-14 18:31 – Updated: 2024-03-27 03:31
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds read flaw was found in w3m, in the growbuf_to_Str function in indep.c. This issue may allow an attacker to cause a denial of service through a crafted HTML file.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-38253"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-14T18:15:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read flaw was found in w3m, in the growbuf_to_Str function in indep.c. This issue may allow an attacker to cause a denial of service through a crafted HTML file.",
"id": "GHSA-rrg6-f895-jq87",
"modified": "2024-03-27T03:31:16Z",
"published": "2023-07-14T18:31:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38253"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tats/w3m/issues/271"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-38253"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2222779"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/AULOBQJLXE2KCT5UVQMKGEFL4GFIAOED"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MKFZQUK7FPWWJQYICDZZ4YWIPUPQ2D3R"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TODROGVCWZ435HQIZE6ARQC5LPQLIA5C"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRG6-WPJX-P5JF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:38 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:38
VLAI
Details
The 'globbing' feature in curl before version 7.51.0 has a flaw that leads to integer overflow and out-of-bounds read via user controlled input.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-8620"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-08-01T06:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The \u0027globbing\u0027 feature in curl before version 7.51.0 has a flaw that leads to integer overflow and out-of-bounds read via user controlled input.",
"id": "GHSA-rrg6-wpjx-p5jf",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:38:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:38:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-8620"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3558"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2016-8620"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://curl.haxx.se/docs/adv_20161102F.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201701-47"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenable.com/security/tns-2016-21"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2018-4428296.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94102"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037192"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRGJ-83V9-HXJP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:20 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:20
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds read and write flaw was found in the way SIPcrack 0.2 processed SIP traffic, because 0x00 termination of a payload array was mishandled. A remote attacker could potentially use this flaw to crash the sipdump process by generating specially crafted SIP traffic.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-11654"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-07-26T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read and write flaw was found in the way SIPcrack 0.2 processed SIP traffic, because 0x00 termination of a payload array was mishandled. A remote attacker could potentially use this flaw to crash the sipdump process by generating specially crafted SIP traffic.",
"id": "GHSA-rrgj-83v9-hxjp",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:20:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:20:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-11654"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2017/07/26/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100023"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRJF-CCR2-PH7G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-07 15:30 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:36
VLAI
Details
Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 149.0.1 and Thunderbird 149.0.1. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 149.0.2.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-5735"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-07T13:16:47Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 149.0.1 and Thunderbird 149.0.1. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 149.0.2.",
"id": "GHSA-rrjf-ccr2-ph7g",
"modified": "2026-06-30T03:36:09Z",
"published": "2026-04-07T15:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5735"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-5735"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=2025475%2C2025477"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2455904"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-5735.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-25"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-28"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRMJ-QXGV-V296
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-24 21:31 – Updated: 2024-10-28 21:30
VLAI
Details
pure-ftpd before 1.0.52 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow. There is an out of bounds read in the domlsd() function of the ls.c file.
Severity
8.6 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-48208"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-24T21:15:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "pure-ftpd before 1.0.52 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow. There is an out of bounds read in the domlsd() function of the ls.c file.",
"id": "GHSA-rrmj-qxgv-v296",
"modified": "2024-10-28T21:30:34Z",
"published": "2024-10-24T21:31:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-48208"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jedisct1/pure-ftpd/pull/176"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRP8-8J9R-PXG2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:04 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:04
VLAI
Details
In Android releases from CAF using the linux kernel (Android for MSM, Firefox OS for MSM, QRD Android) before security patch level 2018-06-05, while processing a StrHwPlatform with length smaller than EFICHIPINFO_MAX_ID_LENGTH, an array out of bounds access may occur.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-18159"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-06T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In Android releases from CAF using the linux kernel (Android for MSM, Firefox OS for MSM, QRD Android) before security patch level 2018-06-05, while processing a StrHwPlatform with length smaller than EFICHIPINFO_MAX_ID_LENGTH, an array out of bounds access may occur.",
"id": "GHSA-rrp8-8j9r-pxg2",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:04:22Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:04:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-18159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2018-06-01#qualcomm-components"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/la/abl/tianocore/edk2/commit/?id=04f23441b8c0c897644f9bf391b691039fa0ab70"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/la/abl/tianocore/edk2/commit/?id=3129148e5a4cfe83003449a1048660823bfddc51"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/la/abl/tianocore/edk2/commit/?id=4a63a848c062851776123d4bc7ec10eb498a70dd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/la/abl/tianocore/edk2/commit/?id=5471b0cdf4bace12d872d074b97eae29f1317e6a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/la/abl/tianocore/edk2/commit/?id=633fa4ffb38bbfb0fad79204e19b9f59d42d7680"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/la/abl/tianocore/edk2/commit/?id=7dcbee530800b16534d0f3e8db375492c03b3e0a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/la/abl/tianocore/edk2/commit/?id=9057a8b3339abc4eb2c4e462279f34bbe6410e7c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/la/abl/tianocore/edk2/commit/?id=b6b318431983f35a7734cae227478df3dc93a818"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/la/abl/tianocore/edk2/commit/?id=bcceb2ceeea07aedaa5f97207cc88f9d8b4416ea"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRV8-MC52-QCWW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-13 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:05
VLAI
Details
there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote denial of service with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
Severity
7.2 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-35691"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-13T00:15:24Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote denial of service with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-rrv8-mc52-qcww",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:05:40Z",
"published": "2023-07-13T00:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-35691"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2023-07-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRVW-82F6-W56J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:42 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:42
VLAI
Details
The ISAKMP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.2 has a buffer over-read in print-isakmp.c, several functions.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-13039"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-14T06:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The ISAKMP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.2 has a buffer over-read in print-isakmp.c, several functions.",
"id": "GHSA-rrvw-82f6-w56j",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:42:56Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:42:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-13039"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/the-tcpdump-group/tcpdump/commit/e0a5a02b0fc1900a69d6c37ed0aab36fb8494e6d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHEA-2018:0705"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201709-23"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208221"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3971"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039307"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.tcpdump.org/tcpdump-changes.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.