Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Allowed

Out-of-bounds Read

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

11273 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-XF9W-8GHJ-9MWP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2022-10-12 19:00
VLAI
Details

Adobe Flash Player versions 32.0.0.156 and earlier, 32.0.0.156 and earlier, and 32.0.0.156 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure .

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-7108"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-05-23T17:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Flash Player versions 32.0.0.156 and earlier, 32.0.0.156 and earlier, and 32.0.0.156 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure .",
  "id": "GHSA-xf9w-8ghj-9mwp",
  "modified": "2022-10-12T19:00:37Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:46:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7108"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb19-19.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-21"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XFFR-6C2M-HG6J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:43 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:43
VLAI
Details

ExifImageFile::readDQT in ExifImageFileRead.cpp in OpenExif 2.1.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (stack-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted JPEG file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-14931"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-09-30T01:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "ExifImageFile::readDQT in ExifImageFileRead.cpp in OpenExif 2.1.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (stack-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted JPEG file.",
  "id": "GHSA-xffr-6c2m-hg6j",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:43:33Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:43:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14931"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/skysider/openexif_vulnerabilities"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2017/Sep/34"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XFJJ-5JCC-72CX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-14 18:31 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:08
VLAI
Details

An Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in the flow processing daemon (flowd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series allows a local, authenticated attacker with low privileges, to cause a Denial of Service (DoS).

If a low privileged user executes a specific CLI command, flowd which is responsible for traffic forwarding in SRX crashes and generates a core dump. This will cause temporary traffic interruption until the flowd process is restarted automatically. Continued execution of this command will lead to a sustained DoS.

This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series: All versions prior to 20.2R3-S7; 20.3 version 20.3R1 and later versions; 20.4 versions prior to 20.4R3-S6; 21.1 versions prior to 21.1R3-S5; 21.2 versions prior to 21.2R3-S4; 21.3 versions prior to 21.3R3-S4; 21.4 versions prior to 21.4R3-S3; 22.1 versions prior to 22.1R3-S1; 22.2 versions prior to 22.2R3; 22.3 versions prior to 22.3R2; 22.4 versions prior to 22.4R1-S1, 22.4R2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-36838"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-14T17:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in the flow processing daemon (flowd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series allows a local, authenticated attacker with low privileges, to cause a Denial of Service (DoS).\n\nIf a low privileged user executes a specific CLI command, flowd which is responsible for traffic forwarding in SRX crashes and generates a core dump. This will cause temporary traffic interruption until the flowd process is restarted automatically. Continued execution of this command will lead to a sustained DoS.\n\nThis issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series:\nAll versions prior to 20.2R3-S7;\n20.3 version 20.3R1 and later versions;\n20.4 versions prior to 20.4R3-S6;\n21.1 versions prior to 21.1R3-S5;\n21.2 versions prior to 21.2R3-S4;\n21.3 versions prior to 21.3R3-S4;\n21.4 versions prior to 21.4R3-S3;\n22.1 versions prior to 22.1R3-S1;\n22.2 versions prior to 22.2R3;\n22.3 versions prior to 22.3R2;\n22.4 versions prior to 22.4R1-S1, 22.4R2.\n",
  "id": "GHSA-xfjj-5jcc-72cx",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T06:08:39Z",
  "published": "2023-07-14T18:31:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-36838"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA71645"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XFMC-RRPG-G7C7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-24 00:30 – Updated: 2025-12-24 00:30
VLAI
Details

Soda PDF Desktop PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Soda PDF Desktop. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-27140.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-14411"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-23T22:15:47Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Soda PDF Desktop PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Soda PDF Desktop. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-27140.",
  "id": "GHSA-xfmc-rrpg-g7c7",
  "modified": "2025-12-24T00:30:15Z",
  "published": "2025-12-24T00:30:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14411"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-1084"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XFP3-FCW3-HF83

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-28 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:14
VLAI
Details

In BuildSetRadioNode of protocolmiscbuilder.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing null check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-264540700References: N/A

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-21155"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-28T18:15:13Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In BuildSetRadioNode of protocolmiscbuilder.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing null check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-264540700References: N/A",
  "id": "GHSA-xfp3-fcw3-hf83",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T05:14:42Z",
  "published": "2023-06-28T18:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-21155"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2023-06-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XFPX-GCC4-RP4W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:43 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:43
VLAI
Details

The IKEv1 parser in tcpdump before 4.9.2 has a buffer over-read in print-isakmp.c:ikev1_id_print().

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-13689"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-09-14T06:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The IKEv1 parser in tcpdump before 4.9.2 has a buffer over-read in print-isakmp.c:ikev1_id_print().",
  "id": "GHSA-xfpx-gcc4-rp4w",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:43:12Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:43:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-13689"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/the-tcpdump-group/tcpdump/commit/061e7371a944588f231cb1b66d6fb070b646e376"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHEA-2018:0705"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201709-23"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208221"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3971"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039307"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.tcpdump.org/tcpdump-changes.txt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XFQF-GMC6-GW8V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-10 18:31 – Updated: 2026-03-10 18:31
VLAI
Details

Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-26109"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-10T18:18:39Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.",
  "id": "GHSA-xfqf-gmc6-gw8v",
  "modified": "2026-03-10T18:31:21Z",
  "published": "2026-03-10T18:31:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-26109"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-26109"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XFXG-X8WP-XH52

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-19 00:01 – Updated: 2022-03-01 00:00
VLAI
Details

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation CONNECT 10.16.0.80. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of DGN files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-15537.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-46651"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-18T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation CONNECT 10.16.0.80. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of DGN files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-15537.",
  "id": "GHSA-xfxg-x8wp-xh52",
  "modified": "2022-03-01T00:00:51Z",
  "published": "2022-02-19T00:01:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46651"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.bentley.com/en/common-vulnerability-exposure/BE-2021-0009"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-238"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-XG22-883P-M58M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-27 03:34 – Updated: 2025-03-06 12:30
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

usbnet: ipheth: use static NDP16 location in URB

Original code allowed for the start of NDP16 to be anywhere within the URB based on the wNdpIndex value in NTH16. Only the start position of NDP16 was checked, so it was possible for even the fixed-length part of NDP16 to extend past the end of URB, leading to an out-of-bounds read.

On iOS devices, the NDP16 header always directly follows NTH16. Rely on and check for this specific format.

This, along with NCM-specific minimal URB length check that already exists, will ensure that the fixed-length part of NDP16 plus a set amount of DPEs fit within the URB.

Note that this commit alone does not fully address the OoB read. The limit on the amount of DPEs needs to be enforced separately.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-21742"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-27T03:15:14Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nusbnet: ipheth: use static NDP16 location in URB\n\nOriginal code allowed for the start of NDP16 to be anywhere within the\nURB based on the `wNdpIndex` value in NTH16. Only the start position of\nNDP16 was checked, so it was possible for even the fixed-length part\nof NDP16 to extend past the end of URB, leading to an out-of-bounds\nread.\n\nOn iOS devices, the NDP16 header always directly follows NTH16. Rely on\nand check for this specific format.\n\nThis, along with NCM-specific minimal URB length check that already\nexists, will ensure that the fixed-length part of NDP16 plus a set\namount of DPEs fit within the URB.\n\nNote that this commit alone does not fully address the OoB read.\nThe limit on the amount of DPEs needs to be enforced separately.",
  "id": "GHSA-xg22-883p-m58m",
  "modified": "2025-03-06T12:30:42Z",
  "published": "2025-02-27T03:34:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21742"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b619445dcb6dab97d8ed033fb57225aca1288c4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/86586dcb75cb8fd062a518aca8ee667938b91efb"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8fb062178e1ce180e2cfdc9abc83a1b9fea381ca"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cf1ac7f7cf601ac31d1580559c002b5e37b733b7"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XG28-VM4V-PCGP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-22 18:31 – Updated: 2025-11-26 18:31
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

rv: Use strings in da monitors tracepoints

Using DA monitors tracepoints with KASAN enabled triggers the following warning:

BUG: KASAN: global-out-of-bounds in do_trace_event_raw_event_event_da_monitor+0xd6/0x1a0 Read of size 32 at addr ffffffffaada8980 by task ... Call Trace: [...] do_trace_event_raw_event_event_da_monitor+0xd6/0x1a0 ? __pfx_do_trace_event_raw_event_event_da_monitor+0x10/0x10 ? trace_event_sncid+0x83/0x200 trace_event_sncid+0x163/0x200 [...] The buggy address belongs to the variable: automaton_snep+0x4e0/0x5e0

This is caused by the tracepoints reading 32 bytes __array instead of __string from the automata definition. Such strings are literals and reading 32 bytes ends up in out of bound memory accesses (e.g. the next automaton's data in this case). The error is harmless as, while printing the string, we stop at the null terminator, but it should still be fixed.

Use the __string facilities while defining the tracepoints to avoid reading out of bound memory.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-38636"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-22T16:15:37Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nrv: Use strings in da monitors tracepoints\n\nUsing DA monitors tracepoints with KASAN enabled triggers the following\nwarning:\n\n BUG: KASAN: global-out-of-bounds in do_trace_event_raw_event_event_da_monitor+0xd6/0x1a0\n Read of size 32 at addr ffffffffaada8980 by task ...\n Call Trace:\n  \u003cTASK\u003e\n [...]\n  do_trace_event_raw_event_event_da_monitor+0xd6/0x1a0\n  ? __pfx_do_trace_event_raw_event_event_da_monitor+0x10/0x10\n  ? trace_event_sncid+0x83/0x200\n  trace_event_sncid+0x163/0x200\n [...]\n The buggy address belongs to the variable:\n  automaton_snep+0x4e0/0x5e0\n\nThis is caused by the tracepoints reading 32 bytes __array instead of\n__string from the automata definition. Such strings are literals and\nreading 32 bytes ends up in out of bound memory accesses (e.g. the next\nautomaton\u0027s data in this case).\nThe error is harmless as, while printing the string, we stop at the null\nterminator, but it should still be fixed.\n\nUse the __string facilities while defining the tracepoints to avoid\nreading out of bound memory.",
  "id": "GHSA-xg28-vm4v-pcgp",
  "modified": "2025-11-26T18:31:00Z",
  "published": "2025-08-22T18:31:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-38636"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ebc70d973ce7a81826b5c4f55f743e07f5864d9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7f904ff6e58d398c4336f3c19c42b338324451f7"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.