Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
12703 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-2G48-26GJ-64RV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:18 – Updated: 2022-10-06 00:00
VLAI
Details
Out of bounds read and write in PDFium in Google Chrome prior to 81.0.4044.122 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted PDF file.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-6458"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-05-21T04:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out of bounds read and write in PDFium in Google Chrome prior to 81.0.4044.122 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted PDF file.",
"id": "GHSA-2g48-26gj-64rv",
"modified": "2022-10-06T00:00:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:18:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-6458"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2020/04/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_21.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1067270"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4714"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2020-1044"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2G5Q-49CR-4F7J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:10 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:10
VLAI
Details
When processing an email message with an ill-formed envelope, Thunderbird could read data from a random memory location. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 68.5.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-6793"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-908"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-02T05:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "When processing an email message with an ill-formed envelope, Thunderbird could read data from a random memory location. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird \u003c 68.5.",
"id": "GHSA-2g5q-49cr-4f7j",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:10:01Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:10:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-6793"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1608539"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202003-10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4328-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4335-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2020-07"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-2G75-5FCG-JJ56
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-26 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-27 21:32
VLAI
Details
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. Crafted data in a U3D file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18343.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-41153"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. Crafted data in a U3D file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18343.",
"id": "GHSA-2g75-5fcg-jj56",
"modified": "2024-11-27T21:32:37Z",
"published": "2023-01-26T21:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41153"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tracker-software.com/product/pdf-xchange-editor/history"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-1350"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2G8C-WCG8-R65C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-24 18:31 – Updated: 2026-07-24 18:31
VLAI
Details
libssh2 through 1.11.1, fixed in commit a2ed82d, contains a pre-authentication integer underflow vulnerability in the ssh2_cipher_crypt() function in src/openssl.c that allows a malicious SSH server to crash any connecting client by negotiating AES-GCM ciphers during handshake. Attackers can exploit the underflow in the expression computing blocksize minus aadlen minus authentication tag length to trigger an out-of-bounds read and a memcpy call with a near-SIZE_MAX length argument, causing immediate process crash before any authentication occurs.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-66033"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-24T17:17:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "libssh2 through 1.11.1, fixed in commit a2ed82d, contains a pre-authentication integer underflow vulnerability in the ssh2_cipher_crypt() function in src/openssl.c that allows a malicious SSH server to crash any connecting client by negotiating AES-GCM ciphers during handshake. Attackers can exploit the underflow in the expression computing blocksize minus aadlen minus authentication tag length to trigger an out-of-bounds read and a memcpy call with a near-SIZE_MAX length argument, causing immediate process crash before any authentication occurs.",
"id": "GHSA-2g8c-wcg8-r65c",
"modified": "2026-07-24T18:31:30Z",
"published": "2026-07-24T18:31:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-66033"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/libssh2/libssh2/pull/2401"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/libssh2/libssh2/commit/a2ed82d40964bbc0d64cd717aa0a5a892117d2e6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/libssh2-integer-underflow-dos-via-aes-gcm-cipher-negotiation"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-2G8X-G9FP-Q786
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-12 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-19 00:01
VLAI
Details
Improper size check in sapefd_parse_meta_HEADER function of libsapeextractor library prior to SMR Apr-2022 Release 1 allows out of bounds read via a crafted media file.
Severity
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-27825"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-11T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper size check in sapefd_parse_meta_HEADER function of libsapeextractor library prior to SMR Apr-2022 Release 1 allows out of bounds read via a crafted media file.",
"id": "GHSA-2g8x-g9fp-q786",
"modified": "2022-04-19T00:01:12Z",
"published": "2022-04-12T00:00:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-27825"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/securityUpdate.smsb?year=2022\u0026month=4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2GCM-Q52R-GPH2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-25 12:31 – Updated: 2024-10-25 18:30
VLAI
Details
In pmucal_rae_handle_seq_int of flexpmu_cal_rae.c, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a buffer overflow. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-47018"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-25T11:15:16Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In pmucal_rae_handle_seq_int of flexpmu_cal_rae.c, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a buffer overflow. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-2gcm-q52r-gph2",
"modified": "2024-10-25T18:30:48Z",
"published": "2024-10-25T12:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-47018"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2024-10-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2GF4-M97G-CVPW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-20 00:30 – Updated: 2024-06-21 15:31
VLAI
Details
Out of bounds memory access in Dawn in Google Chrome prior to 126.0.6478.114 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-6102"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-20T00:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out of bounds memory access in Dawn in Google Chrome prior to 126.0.6478.114 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
"id": "GHSA-2gf4-m97g-cvpw",
"modified": "2024-06-21T15:31:05Z",
"published": "2024-06-20T00:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-6102"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2024/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_18.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/339169163"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6HYUEHZ35ZPY2EONVZCGO6LPT3AMLZCP"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/U5NRNCEYS246CYGOR32MF7OGKWOWER22"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2GF7-5H4R-X3P6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-01 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-01 15:30
VLAI
Details
Memory corruption while processing buffer initialization, when trusted report for certain report types are generated.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-33115"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-126"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-01T15:15:47Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Memory corruption while processing buffer initialization, when trusted report for certain report types are generated.",
"id": "GHSA-2gf7-5h4r-x3p6",
"modified": "2024-04-01T15:30:29Z",
"published": "2024-04-01T15:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-33115"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.qualcomm.com/product/publicresources/securitybulletin/april-2024-bulletin.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2GFH-CMXV-5J8H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:52 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:52
VLAI
Details
Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2019.008.20081 and earlier, 2019.008.20080 and earlier, 2019.008.20081 and earlier, 2017.011.30106 and earlier version, 2017.011.30105 and earlier version, 2015.006.30457 and earlier, and 2015.006.30456 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-16015"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-18T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2019.008.20081 and earlier, 2019.008.20080 and earlier, 2019.008.20081 and earlier, 2017.011.30106 and earlier version, 2017.011.30105 and earlier version, 2015.006.30457 and earlier, and 2015.006.30456 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-2gfh-cmxv-5j8h",
"modified": "2022-05-14T00:52:22Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:52:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-16015"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb18-41.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106162"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2GFX-R93V-M4PH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-13 00:31 – Updated: 2026-08-13 00:31
VLAI
Details
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service and obtain sensitive information due to an integer underflow.
Severity
8.2 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-17485"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-191"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-12T22:17:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service and obtain sensitive information due to an integer underflow.",
"id": "GHSA-2gfx-r93v-m4ph",
"modified": "2026-08-13T00:31:25Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T00:31:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-17485"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7282695"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.