CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11503 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-74P7-386W-JW56
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:13 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:13An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 14.5 and iPadOS 14.5. A local user may be able to read kernel memory.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1877"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-08T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 14.5 and iPadOS 14.5. A local user may be able to read kernel memory.",
"id": "GHSA-74p7-386w-jw56",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:13:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:13:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1877"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212317"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-74PG-G62Q-9QHX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-15 15:30 – Updated: 2024-02-15 15:30Acrobat Reader versions 20.005.30539, 23.008.20470 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20736"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-15T13:15:48Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Acrobat Reader versions 20.005.30539, 23.008.20470 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-74pg-g62q-9qhx",
"modified": "2024-02-15T15:30:28Z",
"published": "2024-02-15T15:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20736"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb24-07.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-74QG-QX9G-GGH2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-26 09:30 – Updated: 2024-10-26 09:30NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows contains a vulnerability in the user mode layer, where an unprivileged regular user can cause an out-of-bounds read. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-0119"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-26T08:15:03Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows contains a vulnerability in the user mode layer, where an unprivileged regular user can cause an out-of-bounds read. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.",
"id": "GHSA-74qg-qx9g-ggh2",
"modified": "2024-10-26T09:30:42Z",
"published": "2024-10-26T09:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0119"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5586"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-74VR-XVVM-6F75
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-23 00:30 – Updated: 2022-12-30 03:30A heap out of bounds read vulnerability exists in the handling of IPTC data while parsing TIFF images in OpenImageIO v2.3.19.0. A specially-crafted TIFF file can cause a read of adjacent heap memory, which can leak sensitive process information. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-41649"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-22T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A heap out of bounds read vulnerability exists in the handling of IPTC data while parsing TIFF images in OpenImageIO v2.3.19.0. A specially-crafted TIFF file can cause a read of adjacent heap memory, which can leak sensitive process information. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-74vr-xvvm-6f75",
"modified": "2022-12-30T03:30:19Z",
"published": "2022-12-23T00:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41649"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/08/msg00005.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-33"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1631"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5384"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-74W9-FH92-33PM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-26 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-27 21:32This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. Crafted data in a U3D file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18654.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-42385"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. Crafted data in a U3D file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18654.",
"id": "GHSA-74w9-fh92-33pm",
"modified": "2024-11-27T21:32:37Z",
"published": "2023-01-26T21:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42385"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tracker-software.com/product/pdf-xchange-editor/history"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-1376"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-74WG-MHC3-JXP5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:14 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:14VMware ESXi (6.7 before ESXi670-202006401-SG and 6.5 before ESXi650-202005401-SG), Workstation (15.x before 15.5.5), and Fusion (11.x before 11.5.5) contain an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in NVMe functionality. A malicious actor with local non-administrative access to a virtual machine with a virtual NVMe controller present may be able to read privileged information contained in physical memory.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-3960"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-15T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "VMware ESXi (6.7 before ESXi670-202006401-SG and 6.5 before ESXi650-202005401-SG), Workstation (15.x before 15.5.5), and Fusion (11.x before 11.5.5) contain an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in NVMe functionality. A malicious actor with local non-administrative access to a virtual machine with a virtual NVMe controller present may be able to read privileged information contained in physical memory.",
"id": "GHSA-74wg-mhc3-jxp5",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:14:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:14:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-3960"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2020-0012.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-7522-W99F-PJFX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-24 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-24 18:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
dm raid: fix accesses beyond end of raid member array
On dm-raid table load (using raid_ctr), dm-raid allocates an array rs->devs[rs->raid_disks] for the raid device members. rs->raid_disks is defined by the number of raid metadata and image tupples passed into the target's constructor.
In the case of RAID layout changes being requested, that number can be different from the current number of members for existing raid sets as defined in their superblocks. Example RAID layout changes include: - raid1 legs being added/removed - raid4/5/6/10 number of stripes changed (stripe reshaping) - takeover to higher raid level (e.g. raid5 -> raid6)
When accessing array members, rs->raid_disks must be used in control loops instead of the potentially larger value in rs->md.raid_disks. Otherwise it will cause memory access beyond the end of the rs->devs array.
Fix this by changing code that is prone to out-of-bounds access. Also fix validate_raid_redundancy() to validate all devices that are added. Also, use braces to help clean up raid_iterate_devices().
The out-of-bounds memory accesses was discovered using KASAN.
This commit was verified to pass all LVM2 RAID tests (with KASAN enabled).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-49674"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-26T07:01:42Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndm raid: fix accesses beyond end of raid member array\n\nOn dm-raid table load (using raid_ctr), dm-raid allocates an array\nrs-\u003edevs[rs-\u003eraid_disks] for the raid device members. rs-\u003eraid_disks\nis defined by the number of raid metadata and image tupples passed\ninto the target\u0027s constructor.\n\nIn the case of RAID layout changes being requested, that number can be\ndifferent from the current number of members for existing raid sets as\ndefined in their superblocks. Example RAID layout changes include:\n- raid1 legs being added/removed\n- raid4/5/6/10 number of stripes changed (stripe reshaping)\n- takeover to higher raid level (e.g. raid5 -\u003e raid6)\n\nWhen accessing array members, rs-\u003eraid_disks must be used in control\nloops instead of the potentially larger value in rs-\u003emd.raid_disks.\nOtherwise it will cause memory access beyond the end of the rs-\u003edevs\narray.\n\nFix this by changing code that is prone to out-of-bounds access.\nAlso fix validate_raid_redundancy() to validate all devices that are\nadded. Also, use braces to help clean up raid_iterate_devices().\n\nThe out-of-bounds memory accesses was discovered using KASAN.\n\nThis commit was verified to pass all LVM2 RAID tests (with KASAN\nenabled).",
"id": "GHSA-7522-w99f-pjfx",
"modified": "2025-10-24T18:30:56Z",
"published": "2025-10-24T18:30:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-49674"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/332bd0778775d0cf105c4b9e03e460b590749916"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5e161a8826b63c0b8b43e4a7fad1f956780f42ab"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6352b2f4d8e95ec0ae576d7705435d64cfa29503"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/90de15357504c8097ab29769dc6852e16281e9e8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9bf2b0757b04c78dc5d6e3a198acca98457b32a1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bcff98500ea3b4e7615ec31d2bdd326bc1ef5134"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/df1a5ab0dd0775f2ea101c71f2addbc4c0ea0f85"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7525-QPCX-R29J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:43 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:38libautotrace.a in AutoTrace 0.31.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid read and SEGV), related to the input_pnm_reader function in input-pnm.c:243:3.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-9155"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-05-23T04:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "libautotrace.a in AutoTrace 0.31.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid read and SEGV), related to the input_pnm_reader function in input-pnm.c:243:3.",
"id": "GHSA-7525-qpcx-r29j",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:38:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:43:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9155"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blogs.gentoo.org/ago/2017/05/20/autotrace-multiple-vulnerabilities-the-autotrace-nightmare"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7537-H7WH-G7V7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:34 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:34Huawei DP300 V500R002C00; RP200 V500R002C00; V600R006C00; TE30 V100R001C10; V500R002C00; V600R006C00; TE40 V500R002C00; V600R006C00; TE50 V500R002C00; V600R006C00; TE60 V100R001C10; V500R002C00; V600R006C00 have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability due to the improper processing of malformed H323 messages. A remote attacker that controls a server could exploit this vulnerability by sending malformed H323 reply messages to a target device. Successful exploit could make the device read out of bounds and probably make a service unavailable.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-17200"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-03-09T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Huawei DP300 V500R002C00; RP200 V500R002C00; V600R006C00; TE30 V100R001C10; V500R002C00; V600R006C00; TE40 V500R002C00; V600R006C00; TE50 V500R002C00; V600R006C00; TE60 V100R001C10; V500R002C00; V600R006C00 have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability due to the improper processing of malformed H323 messages. A remote attacker that controls a server could exploit this vulnerability by sending malformed H323 reply messages to a target device. Successful exploit could make the device read out of bounds and probably make a service unavailable.",
"id": "GHSA-7537-h7wh-g7v7",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:34:13Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:34:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-17200"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.huawei.com/en/psirt/security-advisories/huawei-sa-20180207-03-h323-en"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-754R-H5MG-R795
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 18:31 – Updated: 2026-07-01 21:36HTML::Gumbo versions before 0.19 for Perl disclose heap memory via type confusion.
Support for the element was added to libgumbo 0.10.0 in 2015, but the walk_tree function in lib/HTML/Gumbo.xs was not updated to support it. The element was treated as a text-node, where strlen() over-reads the heap block that the pointer addresses.
Any caller that runs parse() with the default format => 'string', or with format => 'tree', on input containing a element serializes the over-read bytes into the returned result, disclosing bounded heap contents. format => 'callback' reaches a croak on the unhandled node type and is unaffected.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-15646"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-01T16:16:29Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "HTML::Gumbo versions before 0.19 for Perl disclose heap memory via type confusion.\n\nSupport for the \u003ctemplate\u003e element was added to libgumbo 0.10.0 in 2015, but the walk_tree function in lib/HTML/Gumbo.xs was not updated to support it. The element was treated as a text-node, where strlen() over-reads the heap block that the pointer addresses.\n\nAny caller that runs parse() with the default format =\u003e \u0027string\u0027, or with format =\u003e \u0027tree\u0027, on input containing a \u003ctemplate\u003e element serializes the over-read bytes into the returned result, disclosing bounded heap contents. format =\u003e \u0027callback\u0027 reaches a croak on the unhandled node type and is unaffected.",
"id": "GHSA-754r-h5mg-r795",
"modified": "2026-07-01T21:36:15Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T18:31:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15646"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/bestpractical/HTML-Gumbo/commit/15c0598909d4a64f47ef0a1abc5051f4e113c186.patch"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.debian.org/1104789"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://metacpan.org/release/BPS/HTML-Gumbo-0.19/changes"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/07/01/7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.