Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11496 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-7G9X-V864-75F3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-01 00:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:32
VLAI
Details
The issue was addressed with improved bounds checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.7.5, macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5. An app may be able to disclose kernel memory.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-24256"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-31T23:15:22Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The issue was addressed with improved bounds checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.7.5, macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5. An app may be able to disclose kernel memory.",
"id": "GHSA-7g9x-v864-75f3",
"modified": "2025-11-04T00:32:22Z",
"published": "2025-04-01T00:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24256"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122373"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122374"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122375"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7GG7-CVPC-P449
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:49 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:49
VLAI
Details
SIMDComp before 0.1.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) because it can read (and then discard) extra bytes.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-17427"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-10-01T08:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SIMDComp before 0.1.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) because it can read (and then discard) extra bytes.",
"id": "GHSA-7gg7-cvpc-p449",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:49:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:49:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-17427"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lemire/simdcomp/issues/21"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7GHV-4MJC-99WP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-19 03:31 – Updated: 2025-05-06 21:30
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in WLAvalancheService component of Ivanti Avalanche before 6.4.3 allows an authenticated remote attacker to perform denial of service attacks. In certain conditions this could also lead to remote code execution.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-23532"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-19T02:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in WLAvalancheService component of Ivanti Avalanche before 6.4.3 allows an authenticated remote attacker to perform denial of service attacks. In certain conditions this could also lead to remote code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-7ghv-4mjc-99wp",
"modified": "2025-05-06T21:30:42Z",
"published": "2024-04-19T03:31:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23532"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://forums.ivanti.com/s/article/Avalanche-6-4-3-Security-Hardening-and-CVEs-addressed?language=en_US"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7GJ9-33J5-C3XX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:12
VLAI
Details
Adobe Photoshop CC 2019 versions 20.0.8 and earlier, and Photoshop 2020 versions 21.1 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-3781"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-25T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Photoshop CC 2019 versions 20.0.8 and earlier, and Photoshop 2020 versions 21.1 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-7gj9-33j5-c3xx",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:12:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:12:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-3781"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/photoshop/apsb20-14.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-7GJH-P2G3-X272
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-14 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-14 18:30
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds read in Windows GDI allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-27930"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-14T18:17:04Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Windows GDI allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information locally.",
"id": "GHSA-7gjh-p2g3-x272",
"modified": "2026-04-14T18:30:39Z",
"published": "2026-04-14T18:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27930"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-27930"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7GJV-JHW8-W7HQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-09 09:30 – Updated: 2023-01-13 00:30
VLAI
Details
Transient DOS due to buffer over-read in WLAN while processing 802.11 management frames.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-33286"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-09T08:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Transient DOS due to buffer over-read in WLAN while processing 802.11 management frames.",
"id": "GHSA-7gjv-jhw8-w7hq",
"modified": "2023-01-13T00:30:40Z",
"published": "2023-01-09T09:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-33286"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins/january-2023-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7GM6-PF4P-5RPC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:22 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:22
VLAI
Details
A buffer over-read exists in the function crc64ib in crc64.c in nasmlib in Netwide Assembler (NASM) 2.14rc16. A crafted asm input can cause segmentation faults, leading to denial-of-service.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-7147"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-29T00:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A buffer over-read exists in the function crc64ib in crc64.c in nasmlib in Netwide Assembler (NASM) 2.14rc16. A crafted asm input can cause segmentation faults, leading to denial-of-service.",
"id": "GHSA-7gm6-pf4p-5rpc",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:22:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:22:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7147"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.nasm.us/show_bug.cgi?id=3392544"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7GQW-825C-3842
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-28 12:31 – Updated: 2026-07-09 15:32
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in Apache Thrift.
This issue affects Apache Thrift: before 0.23.0.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.23.0, which fixes the issue.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-41607"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-28T10:16:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in Apache Thrift.\n\nThis issue affects Apache Thrift: before 0.23.0.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 0.23.0, which fixes the issue.",
"id": "GHSA-7gqw-825c-3842",
"modified": "2026-07-09T15:32:01Z",
"published": "2026-04-28T12:31:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41607"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14885"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21769"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:22347"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:22423"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:23345"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:24539"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36882"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-41607"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2463412"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/lb4j0zyd5f3g36cos0wql925przpnwql"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-41607.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/28/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7GR5-45FC-7WJH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-26 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-27 21:32
VLAI
Details
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. Crafted data in a PDF file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18327.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-42399"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. Crafted data in a PDF file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18327.",
"id": "GHSA-7gr5-45fc-7wjh",
"modified": "2024-11-27T21:32:38Z",
"published": "2023-01-26T21:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42399"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tracker-software.com/product/pdf-xchange-editor/history"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-1343"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7GXP-V469-JWHX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30
VLAI
Details
Kofax Power PDF U3D File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20444.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-37347"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:46Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Kofax Power PDF U3D File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20444.",
"id": "GHSA-7gxp-v469-jwhx",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:54Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37347"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-942"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.